scholarly journals Influence of Gb3 glycosphingolipids differing in their fatty acid chain on the phase behaviour of solid supported membranes: chemical syntheses and impact of Shiga toxin binding

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole M. Schütte ◽  
Annika Ries ◽  
Alexander Orth ◽  
Lukas J. Patalag ◽  
Winfried Römer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Supported Membranes ◽  
Toxin Binding ◽  
Fatty Acid Chain ◽  
Solid Supported Membranes

scholarly journals Chemically synthesized Gb3 glycosphingolipids: tools to access their function in lipid membranes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremias Sibold ◽  
Somayeh Ahadi ◽  
Daniel B. Werz ◽  
Claudia Steinem
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Protein Binding ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Toxin Binding ◽  
Liquid Ordered

Abstract Gb3 glycosphingolipids are the specific receptors for bacterial Shiga toxin. Whereas the trisaccharidic head group of Gb3 defines the specificity of Shiga toxin binding, the lipophilic part composed of sphingosine and different fatty acids is suggested to determine its localization within membranes impacting membrane organisation and protein binding eventually leading to protein internalisation. While most studies use Gb3 extracts, chemical synthesis provides a unique tool to access different tailor-made Gb3 glycosphingolipids. In this review, strategies to synthesize these complex glycosphingolipids are presented. Special emphasis is put on the preparation of Gb3 molecules differing only in their fatty acid part (saturated, unsaturated, α-hydroxylated and both, unsaturated and α-hydroxylated). With these molecules in hand, it became possible to investigate the phase behaviour of liquid ordered/liquid disordered supported membranes doped with the Gb3 species by means of fluorescence and atomic force microscopy. The results clearly highlight the influence of the different fatty acids of the Gb3 sphingolipids on the phase behaviour and the binding properties of Shiga toxin B subunits, even though the membranes were only doped with 5 mol% of the receptor lipid. To obtain fluorescent Gb3 derivatives, either fatty acid labelled Gb3 molecules or head group labelled ones were synthesized. These molecules enabled us to address the question, where the Gb3 sphingolipids are localized prior protein binding by means of fluorescence microscopy on giant unilamellar vesicles. The results again demonstrate that the fatty acid of Gb3 plays a pivotal role for the overall membrane organisation.

scholarly journals 2-Hydroxy Fatty Acid Enantiomers of Gb 3 Impact Shiga Toxin Binding and Membrane Organization

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 (12) ◽  
pp. 2775-2778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole M. Schütte ◽  
Lukas J. Patalag ◽  
Lucas M.C. Weber ◽  
Annika Ries ◽  
Winfried Römer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Hydroxy Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Organization ◽  
Toxin Binding

Satiation in humans is modulated by fatty acid chain length

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A710-A710
Author(s):  
S LAL ◽  
J MCLAUGHLIN ◽  
O NIAZ ◽  
G DOCKRAY ◽  
A VARRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Fatty Acid Chain Length ◽  
Fatty Acid Chain

scholarly journals Shiga Toxin (Stx)-Binding Glycosphingolipids of Primary Human Renal Cortical Epithelial Cells (pHRCEpiCs) and Stx-Mediated Cytotoxicity

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Johanna Detzner ◽  
Elisabeth Krojnewski ◽  
Gottfried Pohlentz ◽  
Daniel Steil ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Humpf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Liquid Ordered ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Human kidney epithelial cells are supposed to be directly involved in the pathogenesis of the hemolytic–uremic syndrome (HUS) caused by Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). The characterization of the major and minor Stx-binding glycosphingolipids (GSLs) globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer), respectively, of primary human renal cortical epithelial cells (pHRCEpiCs) revealed GSLs with Cer (d18:1, C16:0), Cer (d18:1, C22:0), and Cer (d18:1, C24:1/C24:0) as the dominant lipoforms. Using detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) and non-DRMs, Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer prevailed in the DRM fractions, suggesting their association with microdomains in the liquid-ordered membrane phase. A preference of Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer endowed with C24:0 fatty acid accompanied by minor monounsaturated C24:1-harboring counterparts was observed in DRMs, whereas the C24:1 fatty acid increased in relation to the saturated equivalents in non-DRMs. A shift of the dominant phospholipid phosphatidylcholine with saturated fatty acids in the DRM to unsaturated species in the non-DRM fractions correlated with the GSL distribution. Cytotoxicity assays gave a moderate susceptibility of pHRCEpiCs to the Stx1a and Stx2a subtypes when compared to highly sensitive Vero-B4 cells. The results indicate that presence of Stx-binding GSLs per se and preferred occurrence in microdomains do not necessarily lead to a high cellular susceptibility towards Stx.

Comprehensive qualification and quantification of triacylglycerols with specific fatty acid chain composition in horse adipose tissue, human plasma and liver tissue

Talanta ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Guan ◽  
Dongsheng Dai ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Jinchao Wei ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Specific Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Chain ◽  
Chain Composition

Lipopeptides as anti-infectives: a practical perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Pirri ◽  
Andrea Giuliani ◽  
Silvia Nicoletto ◽  
Lorena Pizzuto ◽  
Andrea Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Bilayer ◽  
Cyclic Peptide ◽  
Chemical Modifications ◽  
Bacterial Membranes ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
Fatty Acid Chain ◽  
Lipopeptide Antibiotics

AbstractLipopeptide antibiotics represent an old class of antibiotics that were discovered over 50 years ago, which includes the old polymyxins but also new entries, such as the recently approved daptomycin. They generally consist of a hydrophilic cyclic peptide portion attached to a fatty acid chain which facilitates insertion into the lipid bilayer of bacterial membranes. This review presents an overview of this class of antibiotics, focusing on their therapeutic applications and putting particular emphasis on chemical modifications introduced to improve their activity.

Identification of possible intermediates in the mitochondrial fatty acid chain elongation system

Biochemistry ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2143-2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Barron ◽  
Larry A. Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Fatty Acid Chain ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid

Phosphorylation of C-terminal polycystin-2 influences the interaction with PIGEA14: A QCM study based on solid supported membranes

2013 ◽  
Vol 437 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Morick ◽  
Michaela Schatz ◽  
Raphael Hubrich ◽  
Helen Hoffmeister ◽  
Anya Krefft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supported Membranes ◽  
Solid Supported Membranes
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