3-Dimensional porous nanocomposite scaffolds based on cellulose nanofibers for cartilage tissue engineering: tailoring of porosity and mechanical performance

Articular cartilage degeneration is one of the most common causes of pain and disability in middle-aged and older people. Tissue engineering (TE) has shown great therapeutic promise for this condition. The design of cartilage regeneration constructs must take into account the specific characteristics of the cartilaginous matrix, as well as the avascular nature of cartilage and its cells’ peculiar arrangement in isogenic groups. Keeping these factors in mind, we have designed a 3D porous scaffold based on genipin-crosslinked chitosan/chitin nanocrystals for spheroid chondral differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) induced in hypoxic conditions. First, we demonstrated that, under low oxygen conditions, the chondrospheroids obtained express cartilage-specific markers including collagen type II (COL2A1) and aggrecan, lacking expression of osteogenic differentiation marker collagen type I (COL1A2). These results were associated with an increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, which positively directs COL2A1 and aggrecan expression. Finally, we determined the most suitable chondrogenic differentiation pattern when hASC spheroids were seeded in the 3D porous scaffold under hypoxia and obtained a chondral extracellular matrix with a high sulphated glycosaminoglycan content, which is characteristic of articular cartilage. These findings highlight the potential use of such templates in cartilage tissue engineering.

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Electrospun chitosan materials and their potential use as scaffolds for bone and cartilage tissue engineering

Handbook of Chitin and Chitosan ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-817966-6.00008-x ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 231-280

Author(s):

Adriana Hernández-Rangel ◽

Gina Prado-Prone ◽

Joseline J. Hidalgo-Moyle ◽

Phaedra Silva-Bermudez ◽

Keiko Shirai

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽

Cartilage Tissue ◽

Potential Use ◽

And Cartilage

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Advances in Porous Scaffold Design for Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering and Regeneration

Tissue Engineering Part B Reviews ◽

10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 14-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Alice Cheng ◽

Zvi Schwartz ◽

Adrian Kahn ◽

Xiyu Li ◽

Zhenxing Shao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Porous Scaffold ◽

Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽

Cartilage Tissue ◽

Scaffold Design ◽

And Cartilage

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Design of Biphasic Polymeric 3-Dimensional Fiber Deposited Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Applications

Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1089/ten.2007.13.ft-318 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 061220075423021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. Moroni ◽

J.A.A. Hendriks ◽

R. Schotel ◽

J.R. De Wijn ◽

C.A. Van Blitterswijk

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽

Cartilage Tissue ◽

Engineering Applications ◽

3 Dimensional

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Characterization and Application of Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Based Bioink in Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2020/2057097 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yunfan He ◽

Soroosh Derakhshanfar ◽

Wen Zhong ◽

Bingyun Li ◽

Feng Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽

Cell Attachment ◽

Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Cartilage Tissue ◽

3D Bioprinting ◽

Modified Chitosan

Chitosan is a promising natural biomaterial for biological application; however, the weak mechanical performance of pristine chitosan limits its further utilization in hard tissue (such as cartilage) engineering. In this study, a chitosan-based 3D printing bioink with suitable mechanical properties was developed as 3D bioprinting ink for chondrocyte support. Chitosan was first modified by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to provide more carboxyl groups followed by physical crosslinking with calcium to increase the hydrogel strength. Dynamic mechanical analysis was carried out to evaluate viscoelastic properties with the addition of modified chitosan. A bioink with a combination of modified and pristine chitosan was formulated for scaffold fabrication via 3D bioprinting technique. Furthermore, cell viability, cell proliferation, and expression of chondrogenic markers were evaluated in vitro in chondrocytes loaded on the bioink. The novel bioink exhibited a favorable mechanical property and promoted cell attachment and chondrogenic gene expression in chondrocytes. Based on these results, we can conclude that the presented bioink could qualify for use in 3D bioprinting in cartilage tissue engineering.

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