scholarly journals Biocatalysis making waves in organic chemistry

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Hanefeld ◽  
Frank Hollmann ◽  
Caroline E. Paul

The many waves of biocatalysis have arisen to solve long-standing synthetic challenges. From industrially applied hydrolases to enzymes catalysing selective C–C-bond formation, biocatalysis enables new tools to access a plethora of compounds.

Author(s):  
Jie Jack Li ◽  
Chris Limberakis ◽  
Derek A. Pflum

Searching for reaction in organic synthesis has been made much easier in the current age of computer databases. However, the dilemma now is which procedure one selects among the ocean of choices. Especially for novices in the laboratory, it becomes a daunting task to decide what reaction conditions to experiment with first in order to have the best chance of success. This collection intends to serve as an "older and wiser lab-mate" one could have by compiling many of the most commonly used experimental procedures in organic synthesis. With chapters that cover such topics as functional group manipulations, oxidation, reduction, and carbon-carbon bond formation, Modern Organic Synthesis in the Laboratory will be useful for both graduate students and professors in organic chemistry and medicinal chemists in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
Seetaram Mohapatra ◽  
Nilofar Baral ◽  
Nilima Priyadarsini Mishra ◽  
Pravati Panda ◽  
Sabita Nayak

Introduction: Aza-Michael addition is an important reaction for carbon-nitrogen bond formation in synthetic organic chemistry. Expalantion: Conjugate addition of imidazole to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl/cyano compounds provides significant numbers of the biologically and synthetically interesting products, such as β-amino acids and β-lactams, which have attracted great attention for their use as key intermediates of anticancer agents, antibiotics and other drugs. Conclusion: This review addresses most significant method for the synthesis of N-substituted imidazole derivatives following Michael addition reaction of imidazole to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl/cyano compounds using ionic liquid/base/acid/enzyme as catalysts from year 2007-2017.


Synlett ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (18) ◽  
pp. 2394-2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Oestreich

Martin Oestreich is Professor of Organic Chemistry at the Technische Universität Berlin. His appointment was supported by the Einstein Foundation Berlin. He received his diploma degree with Paul Knochel (Marburg, 1996) and his doctoral degree with Dieter Hoppe (Münster, 1999). After a two-year postdoctoral stint with Larry E. Overman ­(Irvine, 1999–2001), he completed his habilitation with Reinhard ­Brückner (Freiburg, 2001–2005) and was appointed as Professor of Organic Chemistry at the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (2006–2011). He also held visiting positions at Cardiff University in Wales (2005) and at The Australian National University in Canberra (2010). Martin Oestreich’s research focuses on silicon in synthesis and catalysis, the theme of the present SYNLETT Cluster. His early work centered on the use of silicon-stereogenic silicon reagents in asymmetric catalysis, and his laboratory continues to employ them as stereochemical probes in mechanistic investigations. His research group made fundamental contributions to catalytic carbon–silicon bond formation with nucleo­philic and, likewise, electrophilic silicon reagents, and Martin Oestreich is probably best known for his work in silylium-ion chemistry. Recent accomplishments of his laboratory include Friedel–Crafts-type C–H silylation, transfer hydrosilylation, and kinetic resolution of alcohols by enantioselective silylation.


Author(s):  
Christopher G. Jones ◽  
Michael W. Martynowycz ◽  
Johan Hattne ◽  
Tyler J. Fulton ◽  
Brian M. Stoltz ◽  
...  

<p>In the many scientific endeavors that are driven by organic chemistry, unambiguous identification of small molecules is of paramount importance. Over the past 50 years, NMR and other powerful spectroscopic techniques have been developed to address this challenge. While almost all of these techniques rely on inference of connectivity, the unambiguous determination of a small molecule’s structure requires X-ray and/or neutron diffraction studies. In practice, however, x-ray crystallography is rarely applied in routine organic chemistry due to intrinsic limitations of both the analytes and the technique. Here we report the use of the CryoEM method MicroED to provide routine and unambiguous structural determination of small organic molecules. From simple powders, with minimal sample preparation, we could collect high quality MicroED data from nanocrystals (~100x100x100 nm, ~10<sup>–15</sup>g) resulting in atomic resolution (<1 Å) crystal structures in minutes.</p>


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisi Gao ◽  
Ashish Radadiya ◽  
Wenbo Li ◽  
Huanting Liu ◽  
Wen Zhu ◽  
...  

AbstractC-C bond formation is at the heart of anabolism and organic chemistry, but relatively few enzymatic strategies for catalyzing this reaction are known. The enzyme ForT catalyzes C-C bond formation between 5’-phosphoribosyl-1’-pyrophosphate (PRPP) and 4-amino-1H-pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylate to make a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of the C-nucleotide formycin A 5’-phosphate; we now report the 2.5 Å resolution structure of the ForT/PRPP complex and thus locate the active site. Site-directed mutagenesis has identified those residues critical for PRPP recognition and catalysis. Structural conservation with GHMP kinases suggests that stabilization of the negatively charged pyrophosphate leaving group is crucial for catalysis in ForT. A mechanism for this new class of C-C bond forming enzymes is proposed.Entry for the Table of ContentsA new class of enzymes catalyse C-C bond formation by irreversible CO2 and pyrophosphate production.


2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1269-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Yorimitsu

Organophosphorus compounds are important in organic chemistry. This review article covers emerging, powerful synthetic approaches to organophosphorus compounds by homolytic substitution at phosphorus with a carbon-centered radical. Phosphination reagents include diphosphines, chalcogenophosphines and stannylphosphines, which bear a weak P–heteroatom bond for homolysis. This article deals with two transformations, radical phosphination by addition across unsaturated C–C bonds and substitution of organic halides.


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