An Efficient and Durable Anode for Ammonia Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Yucun Zhou ◽  
Kai Pei ◽  
Yuxin Pan ◽  
Kang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Power Source ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Ceramic Fuel ◽  
Ceramic Fuel Cells ◽  
Efficient Power

Ammonia protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) have potential to be a highly efficient power source of high energy density. However, the inadequate catalytic activity of the existing anodes for utilization...

scholarly journals Ammonia-fed reversible protonic ceramic fuel cells with Ru-based catalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangzhu Zhu ◽  
Chris Cadigan ◽  
Chuancheng Duan ◽  
Jake Huang ◽  
Liuzhen Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Ceramic Electrolyte ◽  
Ceramic Fuel ◽  
Ceramic Fuel Cells ◽  
Potential Use

AbstractThe intermediate operating temperatures (~400–600 °C) of reversible protonic ceramic fuel cells (RePCFC) permit the potential use of ammonia as a carbon-neutral high energy density fuel and energy storage medium. Here we show fabrication of anode-supported RePCFC with an ultra-dense (~100%) and thin (4 μm) protonic ceramic electrolyte layer. When coupled to a novel Ru-(BaO)2(CaO)(Al2O3) (Ru-B2CA) reversible ammonia catalyst, maximum fuel-cell power generation reaches 877 mW cm−2 at 650 °C under ammonia fuel. We report relatively stable operation at 600 °C for up to 1250 h under ammonia fuel. In fuel production mode, ammonia rates exceed 1.2 × 10−8 NH3 mol cm−2 s−1at ambient pressure with H2 from electrolysis only, and 2.1 × 10−6 mol NH3 cm−2 s−1 at 12.5 bar with H2 from both electrolysis and simulated recycling gas.

A metal-free and non-precious multifunctional 3D carbon foam for high-energy density supercapacitors and enhanced power generation in microbial fuel cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandesh Y. Sawant ◽  
Thi Hiep Han ◽  
Sajid Ali Ansari ◽  
Jun Ho Shim ◽  
Anh Thi Nguyet Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Carbon Foam ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Metal Free

Highly Efficient Conversion of Ammonia in Electricity by Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. J. Dekker ◽  
G. Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Oxide Fuel

Hydrogen is the fuel for fuel cells with the highest cell voltage. A drawback for the use of hydrogen is the low energy density storage capacity, even at high pressures. Liquid fuels such as gasoline and methanol have a high energy density but lead to the emission of the greenhouse gas CO2. Ammonia could be the ideal bridge fuel, having a high energy density at relative low pressure and no (local) CO2 emission. Ammonia as a fuel for the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) appears to be very attractive, as shown by cell tests with electrolyte supported cells (ESC) as well as anode supported cells (ASC) with an active area of 81cm2. The cell voltage was measured as function of the electrical current, temperature, gas composition and ammonia (NH3) flow. With NH3 as fuel, electrical cell efficiencies up to 70% (LHV) can be achieved at 0.35A∕cm2 and 60% (LHV) at 0.6A∕cm2. The cell degradation during 3000 h of operation was comparable with H2 fueled measurements. Due to the high temperature and the catalytic active Ni∕YSZ anode, NH3 cracks at the anode into H2 and N2 with a conversion of >99.996%. The high NH3 conversion is partly due to the withdrawal of H2 by the electrochemical cell reaction. The remaining NH3 will be converted in the afterburner of the system. The NOx outlet concentration of the fuel cell is low, typically <0.5ppm at temperatures below 950°C and around 4ppm at 1000°C. A SOFC system fueled with ammonia is relative simple compared with a carbon containing fuel, since no humidification of the fuel is necessary. Moreover, the endothermic ammonia cracking reaction consumes part of the heat produced by the fuel cell, by which less cathode cooling air is required compared with H2 fueled systems. Therefore, the system for a NH3 fueled SOFC will have relatively low parasitic power losses and relative small heat exchangers for preheating the cathode air flow.

Improving lithium–sulfur battery performance by using ternary hybrid cathode material

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (32) ◽  
pp. 26630-26636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Jianqiang Guo ◽  
Li Zeng ◽  
Yeju Huang ◽  
Rufang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Cathode Material ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Power Source ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Battery ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries ◽  
Sulfur Battery ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

Lithium–sulfur batteries are one attractive power source with high energy density.

Microfluidic Fuel Cells as Microscale Power Sources and Analytical Platforms

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikile R. Brushett ◽  
Adam S. Hollinger ◽  
Larry J. Markoski ◽  
Paul J. A. Kenis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Laminar Flow ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Microscale Transport

A continuously growing need for high energy density miniaturized power sources for portable electronic applications has spurred the development of a variety of microscale fuel cells. For portable applications, membrane-based fuel cells using small organic fuels (i.e., methanol, formic acid) are among the most promising configurations as they benefit from the high energy density and easy storage of the liquid fuels. Unfortunately, the performance of these fuel cells is often hindered by membrane-related issues such as water management (i.e., electrode dry-out / flooding) and fuel crossover. Furthermore, high costs of, for example, catalysts and membranes as well as durability concerns still hinder commercialization efforts. To address these challenges we have developed membraneless laminar flow-based fuel cells (LFFCs), which exploit microscale transport phenomena (laminar flow) to compartmentalize streams within a single microchannel. The properties of various fuel and media flexible LFFCs will be presented and novel strategies for improving fuel utilization and power density will be discussed. Furthermore, the performance of a scaled-out 14-channel LFFC prototype is presented. We have also developed a microfluidic fuel cell as a powerful analytical platform to investigate and optimize the complex processes that govern the performance of catalysts and electrodes in an operating fuel cell. This platform bridges the gap between a conventional 3-electrode electrochemical cell and a fuel cell, as it allows for standard electrochemical analysis (e.g., CV, CA, EIS) as well as fuel cell analysis (e.g., IV curves).

A facile synthesis of a NiMoO4@metal-coated graphene-ink nanosheet structure towards the high energy density of a battery type-hybrid supercapacitor

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (28) ◽  
pp. 9762-9772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Thulasivarma Chebrolu ◽  
Balamuralitharan Balakrishnan ◽  
Selvaraj Aravindha Raja ◽  
Hee-Je Kim
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitor ◽  
Facile Synthesis

Recently, reagent-based electrode materials have received great attention in various applications (e.g., supercapacitors, solar cells, fuel cells, and batteries).

Extremely flexible and mechanically durable planar supercapacitors: High energy density and low-cost power source for E-skin electronics

Nano Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 105356
Author(s):  
Yeonghun Yun ◽  
Koteeswara Reddy Nandanapalli ◽  
Ji-Hyuk Choi ◽  
Wonkyeong Son ◽  
Changsoon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Power Source ◽  
High Energy Density

Exploiting a hybrid lithium ion power source with a high energy density over 30 Wh/kg

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liming Jin ◽  
Junsheng Zheng ◽  
Qiang Wu ◽  
Annadanesh Shellikeri ◽  
Steven Yturriaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Power Source ◽  
High Energy Density
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