SnSe, the rising star thermoelectric material: a new paradigm in atomic blocks, building intriguing physical properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Xie ◽  
Dongsheng He ◽  
Jiaqing He
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Thermoelectric Material ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Direct Energy Conversion ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Direct Energy

Thermoelectric materials, which enable direct energy conversion between waste heat and electricity, are witnessing exciting developments due to innovative breakthroughs both in materials and the synergistic optimization of structures and properties.

Conceptual Analysis of the Thermo-Hydraulic Characteristics of Fission Electric Cell Reactors

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Morrow ◽  
G. Rochau ◽  
J. Cash ◽  
D. King
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Direct Energy Conversion ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
System Operating

The United States Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) Direct Energy Conversion (DEC) project has as its goal the development of a direct energy conversion process suitable for commercial development. Direct energy conversion is defined as any fission process that returns usable energy without using an intermediate thermal process. This project includes the study of the fission electric cell (FEC). Inherent to the FEC is a cathode insulated from the rest of the cell by a vacuum. This arrangement has the potential to trap energy on the cathode, increasing temperatures and potentially causing structural problems and gas emissions. This paper describes the project efforts to address this and similar thermal issues. This paper describes the development of a Thermal Model that integrates thermodynamic and heat transfer considerations into an overall Design Model. The Thermal Model begins with the basic energy balance. It then applies heat transfer methods to these models to develop a general relationship between temperature and system operating parameters. Finally, the model uses published correlations to relate the general parameters to specific geometric configurations. The Thermal Model demonstrates that the low energy densities typical of fission electric cells result in assemblies whose available heat transfer mechanisms efficiently transport any waste heat the systems generate. This results in a design at this conceptual level with significant opportunities to optimize system operations and economics using operating temperature. The model also demonstrates that for the same reasons, heat buildup has a weak correlation with system operating voltage.

An Overview of the Direct Energy Conversion Proof of Principle Power Production Program

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. King ◽  
G. Rochau ◽  
D. Oscar ◽  
C. Morrow ◽  
P. Tsvetkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Direct Energy Conversion ◽  
Project Description ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
Proof Of Principle

The United States Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) Direct Energy Conversion Proof of Principle (DECPOP) project has as its goal the development of a direct energy conversion process suitable for commercial development. We define direct energy conversion as any fission process that returns usable energy without an intermediate thermal process. A prior Direct Energy Conversion (DEC) project [1] has been completed and indicates that a viable direct energy device is possible if several technological issues can be overcome. The DECPOP program is focusing on two of the issues: charged particle steering and high voltage hold-off. This paper reports on the progress of the DECPOP project. Two prototype concepts are under development: a Fission Electric Cell using magnetic insulation and a Fission Fragment Magnetic Collimator using magnetic fields to direct fission fragments to collectors. Included in this paper are a short project description, an abbreviated summary of the work completed to date, a description of ongoing and future project activities, and a discussion of the potential for future research and development.

Direct Energy Conversion Experiment on the GAMMA 10 Tandem Mirror

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (2T) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Y. Yasaka ◽  
Y. Kurumatani ◽  
T. Yamamoto ◽  
H. Takeno ◽  
Y. Nakashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Direct Energy Conversion ◽  
Tandem Mirror ◽  
Direct Energy

Interactions of Ionizing Radiation with Matter and Direct Energy Conversion

2016 ◽  
pp. 81-175
Author(s):  
Mark Prelas ◽  
Matthew Boraas ◽  
Fernando De La Torre Aguilar ◽  
John-David Seelig ◽  
Modeste Tchakoua Tchouaso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Direct Energy Conversion ◽  
Direct Energy

Direct energy conversion of plasma energy

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mori ◽  
K. Sumitomo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Direct Energy Conversion ◽  
Plasma Energy ◽  
Direct Energy

An Overview of the Direct Energy Conversion Power Production Program

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rochau ◽  
J. Cash ◽  
D. King ◽  
C. Morrow ◽  
D. Seidel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Production Program ◽  
Direct Energy Conversion ◽  
Project Description ◽  
Direct Energy

The United States Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) Direct Energy Conversion (DEC) project has as its goal the development of a direct energy conversion process suitable for commercial development. We define direct energy conversion as any fission process that returns usable energy without an intermediate thermal process. Enough of the project has been completed, roughly two thirds, to indicate that a viable direct energy device is possible. This paper reports on the progress of the DEC project. Three concepts are under development: Fission Electric Cell using magnetic insulation, Magnetic Collimator using magnetic fields to direct fission fragments to collectors, and Gas Vapor Core Reactor using magnetohydrodynamics to generate electrical current. Included in this paper area a short project description, an abbreviated summary of the work completed to date, a description of ongoing and future project activities, and a discussion of the potential for future research and development.

Conceptual Analysis of the Economic Feasibility of Fission Electric Cell Reactors

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Morrow ◽  
G. Rochau ◽  
J. Cash ◽  
D. King
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Direct Energy Conversion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Direct Energy

The United States Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) Direct Energy Conversion (DEC) project began in August of 1998 with the goal of developing a direct energy conversion process suitable for commercial development. With roughly two thirds of the project completed, we believe a viable direct energy device could be economic. This paper describes the financial basis behind that belief for one proposed DEC reactor, the magnetically insulated fission electric cell (FEC). It also illustrates the value of economic analysis even in these early phases of a research project. The financial basis consists of a conceptual level Economic Model comprised of five modules. The Design Model provides technical specification to other modules. The Fuel Cost Model estimates fuel expenses based on current spot market prices applied over a wide range of fuel enrichment. The Operating Cost Model uses published correlations to provide rough order of magnitude non-fuel operating costs. The Capital Cost model uses analogy and parametric estimating techniques to generate capital cost estimates for a DEC power plant. Finally, the financial model combines output from the other models to produce a Net Present Value analysis with cost of generation as the independent variable. Model results indicate that several FEC geometric configurations could be economic. Within these configurations, optimums exist. Finally, the model demonstrates that the most efficient design is not necessarily the most economic.

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