scholarly journals Isolation, characterization and gene sequence analysis of a membrane-associated 89 kDa Fe(III) reducing cytochrome c from Geobacter sulfurreducens

2001 ◽  
Vol 359 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy S. MAGNUSON ◽  
Naohito ISOYAMA ◽  
Allison L. HODGES-MYERSON ◽  
Gerard DAVIDSON ◽  
Michael J. MARONEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Geobacter Sulfurreducens ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Reading Frame

Geobacter sulfurreducens is capable of anaerobic respiration with Fe(III) as a terminal electron acceptor via a membrane-bound Fe(III) reductase activity associated with a large molecular mass cytochrome c. This cytochrome was purified by detergent extraction of the membrane fraction, Q-Sepharose ion-exchange chromatography, preparative electrophoresis, and MonoQ ion-exchange chromatography. Spectrophotometric analysis of the purified cytochrome reveals a c-type haem, with no evidence of haem a, haem b or sirohaem. The cytochrome has an Mr of 89000 as determined by denaturing PAGE, and has an isoelectric point of 5.2 as determined by analytical isoelectric focusing. Dithionite-reduced cytochrome can donate electrons to Fe(III)-nitrilotriacetic acid and synthetic ferrihydrite, thus demonstrating that the cytochrome has redox and thermodynamic properties required for reduction of Fe(III). Analysis using cyclic voltammetry confirmed that the reduced cytochrome can catalytically transfer electrons to ferrihydrite, further demonstrating its ability to be an electron transport mediator in anaerobic Fe(III) respiration. Sequence analysis of a cloned chromosomal DNA fragment revealed a 2307bp open reading frame (ferA) encoding a 768 amino acid protein corresponding to the 89kDa cytochrome. The deduced amino acid sequence (FerA) translated from the open reading frame contained 12 putative haem-binding motifs, as well as a hydrophobic N-terminal membrane anchor sequence, a lipid-attachment site and an ATP/GTP-binding site. FerA displayed 20% or less identity with amino acid sequences of other known cytochromes, although it does share some features with characterized polyhaem cytochromes c.

Quantitative Chromatographic Studies on Urinary Amino Acid Excretion

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P Geer ◽  
Richard K Hantman ◽  
Cyrus V Swett
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Acid Excretion ◽  
Amino Acid Nitrogen ◽  
Urinary Amino

Abstract Amino acid excretions of 82 individuals were quantitatively determined by ion-exchange chromatography. The results are expressed as µmoles amino acid per day, divided by milligrams α-amino acid nitrogen per day. This index is independent of age and provides a more useful method of representation than those presently employed in the literature.

Effect of Deproteinating Agents (Picric Acid and Sulfosalicylic Acid) on Analysis for Free Amino Acids in Swine Blood and Tissue

1969 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 981-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Knipfel ◽  
D A Christensen ◽  
B D Owen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Picric Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Sulfosalicylic Acid ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation

Abstract Amino acid analyses were performed on samples of blood, liver tissue, loin muscle, and ham muscle by ion exchange chromatography after deproteination of the samples with picric acid or sulfosalicylic acid (SSA). Resolution of threonine and serine from the ion exchange column was poor when SSA was used as the deproteinating agent. Twelve of sixteen amino acids were higher (P < 0.05) in serum deproteinated with picric acid as compared to concentrations determined after SSA deproteination. Amino acid values for ham muscle tended to be higher after deproteination with picric acid; however, with liver and loin muscle samples, the values were somewhat higher after SSA deproteination. In both serum and tissue analyses, coefficients of variation were lower for niGSt amino acids when picric acid was utilized as the deproteinating agent. The latter observation, in particular, suggests that picric acid is preferable to SSA as a deproteinating agent before amino acid analyses of biological fluids. Standardization of methods of deproteination is needed to allow meaningful comparisons of data.

scholarly journals Isolation and a partial amino acid sequence of insulin from the islet tissue of cod (Gadus callarias)

1968 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
P T Grant ◽  
K. B. M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Bovine Insulin ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Islet Tissue ◽  
A Chain

1. Insulin has been isolated by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography from extracts of the discrete islet tissue of cod. The final preparation yielded a single band on electrophoresis at two pH values. The biological potency was 11·5 international units/mg. in mouse-convulsion and other assay procedures. 2. Glycine and methionine were shown to be the N-terminal amino acids of the A and B chains respectively. An estimate of the molecular weight together with amino acid analyses indicated that cod insulin, like the bovine hormone, consists of 51 amino acid residues. In contrast, the amino acid composition differs markedly from bovine insulin. 3. Oxidation of insulin with performic acid yielded the A and B peptide chains, which were separated by ion-exchange chromatography. Sequence studies on smaller peptides isolated from enzymic digests or from dilute acetic acid hydrolysates of the two chains have established the sequential order of 14 of the 21 amino acid residues of the A chain and 25 of the 30 amino acid residues of the B chain.

Role of Methionine in the Initiation of the Biosynthesis of Bovine Proinsulin

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Yip ◽  
C. C. Liew
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Edman Degradation ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Fetal Bovine ◽  
Bovine Pancreas

Slices of fetal bovine pancreas were used to study the initiation of proinsulin biosynthesis. The pancreatic slices were incubated with radioactive methionine, phenylalanine, or leucine, in a defined medium. The incorporation of amino acid into peptides in the tissue slices was measured for 2–3 h. Two types of radioactive peptides, "free" and "blocked," were identified by ion-exchange chromatography. Most of the radioactive "blocked" peptides labelled with [3H]phenylalanine and [35S]methionine were hydrolyzed by proteases, except for about 20% of those labelled with [35S]methionine, which also showed higher resistance to acid hydrolysis.Microsomes were isolated from the tissue slices after incubation and were extracted with acid alcohol. The radioactive proteins in the extract were reacted with a solid immunosorbant against insulin. Analysis of the immunoadsorbed radioactive peptides by Edman degradation showed the presence of both methionine and phenylalanine as the N-termini. It was concluded that methionine was an initiating amino acid in the biosynthesis of bovine proinsulin.

Chemical and serological properties of a cyanogen bromide peptide of southern bean mosaic virus protein

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1450-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Tremaine ◽  
W. P. Ronald ◽  
E. M. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cyanogen Bromide ◽  
Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Southern Bean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Gel Diffusion

Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) protein was cleaved with cyanogen bromide and a highly basic peptide, CB-1, was isolated by ion exclusion and ion-exchange chromatography. Twelve peptides were separated from a tryptic digest of CB-1 by ion-exchange chromatography and the composition of these peptides was similar to that of peptides released from EDTA-swollen virus particles by limited tryptic digestion. The composition and N-termini of the tryptic peptides indicated CB-1 was from the N-terminus of SBMV protein and contained 48 amino acid residues. The CB-1 peptide moved rapidly to the cathode in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 3.9 and contained nine arginine residues, three lysine residues, and no acidic amino acid residues. It was shown to interact with purified viral RNA, sodium dextran sulfate, and calf thymus DNA.Antiserum to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-dissociated virus gave a reaction of partial identity between the CB-1 peptide and the SDS-dissociated virus in SDS gel diffusion tests. The CB-1 peptide did not react with antiserum to SDS-dissociated, trypsin-treated virus. Gel diffusion tests conducted in saline agar gels between trypsin-treated virus and SBMV, with SBMV antiserum, did not show differences in their serological properties. Antiserum to the CB-1 peptide conjugated to tomato bushy stunt virus reacted with SBMV but SBMV antiserum did not react with CB-1 or the CB-1-tomato bushy stunt virus conjugate.

Ion-exchange chromatography for physiological fluid amino acid analysis

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 671-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lean Teik Ng ◽  
David Y. Wong ◽  
Thomas Francis ◽  
G. Harvey Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Amino Acid Analysis ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Physiological Fluid
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