Ca2+ oscillations at fertilization in mammals

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Halet ◽  
P. Marangos ◽  
G. FitzHarris ◽  
J. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Mitotic Division ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Metaphase Arrest ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Mouse Egg ◽  
Shed Light

The mouse egg provided the first direct measurement of Ca2+ oscillations in any cell type. These sperm-induced Ca2+ oscillations occur at a relatively low frequency, and can be detected up to 18–20 h after sperm–egg fusion. The Ca2+ oscillations consist of two series of transients; the first lasts about 4 h, from metaphase II until interphase of the first cell cycle, and the second lasts the duration of the first mitotic division. This cell-cycle-regulated aspect to the pattern of Ca2+ signalling at fertilization is reflected in the role of the Ca2+ transients in stimulating exit from metaphase arrest. Recent developments have started to shed light on the mechanism initiating Ca2+ oscillations at fertilization, on how the frequency of the oscillations is set, and on what determines their temporal pattern.

scholarly journals Governing displaced migration in Europe: housing and the role of the “local”

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasar Meer ◽  
Claudio Dimaio ◽  
Emma Hill ◽  
Maria Angeli ◽  
Klara Oberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political Sociology ◽  
National Level ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Strategic Networks ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractThis article will explore the extent to which a focus on the ‘local’ can tell us something meaningful about recent developments in the governance of displaced migrants and refugees. Taking a multi-sited approach spanning cases in the south and north of Europe, we consider how the challenge of housing and accommodation in particular, a core sector of migrant reception and integration, can shed light on the ways local and city level approaches may negotiate, and sometimes diverge from, national level policy and rhetoric. While it can be said that despite variation, local authorities are by definition ultimately ‘always subordinate’ (Emilsson, Comparative Migration Studies, 3: 1-17, 2015: 4), they can also show evidence of ‘decoupling’ across geographies of policy delivery (Pope and Meyer, European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 3: 280–305, 2016: 290). This article traces how possible local variations in different European cases are patterned by ground-level politics, local strategic networks, and pre-existing economic resources in a manner that is empirically detailed through the study of housing.

Development and impact of strategic marketing – a longitudinal study in a Nordic country from 2008 to 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 2269-2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Frösén ◽  
Henrikki Tikkanen
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycle ◽  
Market Orientation ◽  
Business Process ◽  
National Level ◽  
Strategic Marketing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marketing Performance ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose The study investigates the development of three key strategic marketing constructs – market orientation, marketing-related business process capabilities and marketing performance measurement – as well as their performance implications over a period of six years in a Nordic setting. The aim of the study is to shed light on recent developments in contemporary strategic marketing, and thereby to identify managerially relevant points of focus for the future. Design/methodology/approach The study builds on a national-level survey study conducted among Finnish companies of various sizes representing different industries and market positions in 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014. The data capture the development of strategic marketing over the most recent business cycle, from the upturn to the financial crisis of late 2008, the following downturn and the recent tentative recovery. Findings The findings shed light on the changing role of the three key strategic marketing constructs over the years. Particularly, the study supports the recent notion that market orientation is no longer a differentiator, but a standard. Furthermore, the study sheds light on the varying role of marketing-related business process capabilities over the changing business cycle. Finally, the study shows that marketing performance measurement maintains its beneficial impact on firm performance across years and across the business cycle. Practical implications By investigating recent developments in the field of strategic marketing, taking into account the changing business cycle and the broader trends and developments in the field, this study provides insights for managers of both product and service businesses on how to better adjust their marketing efforts to the contemporary business environment and its economic development. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study on a national level that longitudinally investigates the role and impact of the three key strategic marketing constructs, with a particular focus on their relative performance impact over time.

scholarly journals Regulating the transition from centriole to basal body

2011 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Kobayashi ◽  
Brian D. Dynlacht
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Basal Body ◽  
Primary Cilia ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Basal Bodies ◽  
Spindle Poles ◽  
Shed Light

The role of centrioles changes as a function of the cell cycle. Centrioles promote formation of spindle poles in mitosis and act as basal bodies to assemble primary cilia in interphase. Stringent regulations govern conversion between these two states. Although the molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, recent findings have begun to shed light on pathways that regulate the conversion of centrioles to basal bodies and vice versa. Emerging studies also provide insights into how defects in the balance between centrosome and cilia function could promote ciliopathies and cancer.

A RAD9-dependent checkpoint blocks meiosis of cdc13 yeast cells.

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Weber ◽  
B Byers
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Mitotic Division ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Mitotic Progression ◽  
Meiotic Progression ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Yeast Meiosis

Abstract Mutations in CDC13 have previously been found to cause cell cycle arrest of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at a stage in G2 immediately preceding the mitotic division. We show here that cdc13 blocks the meiotic pathway at a stage that follows DNA replication, but in this case the spindle has not yet formed nor have the chromosomes undergone synapsis or recombination. This arrest is alleviated by rad9, thus implicating the same checkpoint function that delays mitotic progression when chromosomal lesions are present. An assessment of the spores produced upon alleviation of the meiotic arrest by rad9 reveals that the absence of recombination in strains bearing cdc13 alone is attributable to the RAD9-mediated arrest rather than to other effects of cdc13 lesions. We have tested the possibility that this checkpoint function is important in regulating meiotic progression to permit resolution of recombinational intermediates during ongoing meiosis and have found no evidence that rad9 alters the execution of functions that might depend upon such regulation. We consider the possible role of other checkpoints in yeast meiosis.

The role of the augmin complex in establishing microtubule arrays

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 3035-3041
Author(s):  
Juan Tian ◽  
Zhaosheng Kong
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Microtubule Nucleation ◽  
Microtubule Polymerization ◽  
Specific Composition ◽  
Ring Complex ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Microtubule Growth

Abstract Microtubule-dependent microtubule nucleation occurs on the lateral surface of pre-existing microtubules and provides a highly efficient means of amplifying their populations and reorganizing their architectures. The γ‑tubulin ring complex serves as the template to initiate nascent microtubule polymerization. Augmin, a hetero-octameric protein complex, acts as a recruiting factor to target the γ‑tubulin ring complex to pre-existing microtubules and trigger new microtubule growth. Although microtubule-dependent microtubule nucleation has been extensively studied in both animal and plant cells, it remains unclear how the augmin complex assembles in plant cells, especially in cell-cycle-specific and cell-type-specific manners, and how its spatial structure orchestrates the nucleation geometry. In this review, we summarize the advances in knowledge of augmin-dependent microtubule nucleation and the regulation of its geometry, and highlight recent findings and emerging questions concerning the role of the augmin complex in establishing microtubule arrays and the cell-cycle-specific composition of augmin in plant cells.

scholarly journals 14-3-3 Interaction with Histone H3 Involves a Dual Modification Pattern of Phosphoacetylation

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 2840-2849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Walter ◽  
David Clynes ◽  
Yong Tang ◽  
Ronen Marmorstein ◽  
Jane Mellor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Interacting Proteins ◽  
Effector Molecules ◽  
Peptide Affinity ◽  
Shed Light

ABSTRACT Histone modifications occur in precise patterns and are proposed to signal the recruitment of effector molecules that profoundly impact chromatin structure, gene regulation, and cell cycle events. The linked modifications serine 10 phosphorylation and lysine 14 acetylation on histone H3 (H3S10phK14ac), modifications conserved from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to humans, are crucial for transcriptional activation of many genes. However, the mechanism of H3S10phK14ac involvement in these processes is unclear. To shed light on the role of this dual modification, we utilized H3 peptide affinity assays to identify H3S10phK14ac-interacting proteins. We found that the interaction of the known phospho-binding 14-3-3 proteins with H3 is dependent on the presence of both of these marks, not just phosphorylation alone. This is true of mammalian 14-3-3 proteins as well as the yeast homologues Bmh1 and Bmh2. The importance of acetylation in this interaction is also seen in vivo, where K14 acetylation is required for optimal Bmh1 recruitment to the GAL1 promoter during transcriptional activation.

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