The Influence of Chronic High Alcohol Intake on Blood Pressure, Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration and Plasma Renin Concentration

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 377s-379s ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ibsen ◽  
N. J. Christensen ◽  
S. Rasmussen ◽  
Hanne Hollnagel ◽  
M. Damkjaer Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
High Alcohol ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Low Alcohol ◽  
High Alcohol Intake

1. Sixteen 44-year-old males with chronic high alcohol intake were investigated. Seventeen 44-year-old males with low alcohol intake from the same population served as controls. 2. Plasma noradrenaline concentrations did not differ significantly between individuals with high and low alcohol intake, neither at rest nor after acute stimulation induced by ambulation for 15 min. However, 63% (10 out of 16) of the individuals with high intake showed resting values within the upper quartile range for individuals with low intake. 3. Plasma renin concentration was twice as high (P < 0.01) in the group with high alcohol intake as in the group with low intake. 4. Systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the group with high intake compared with the group with low intake. 5. Sympathetic nerve activity, as defined from measurements of plasma noradrenaline concentration, is not uniformly increased in individuals with chronic high alcohol intake. The mechanisms behind the increased plasma renin level as well as the possible role of the renin-angiotensin system in alcohol-induced hypertension remain unsettled.

Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration in Hypertensive and Normotensive 40-Year-Old Individuals: Relationship to Plasma Renin Concentration

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 181s-183s ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ibsen ◽  
N. J. Christensen ◽  
H. Hollnagel ◽  
A. Leth ◽  
A. M. Kappelgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. Forty-year-old individuals with mild essential hypertension, identified during a survey of a population born in 1936, were investigated. Forty-year-old normotensive subjects, drawn from the same population, served as a control group. 2. Plasma noradrenaline concentration and plasma renin concentration at rest supine and after acute stimulation, as induced by frusemide intravenously and ambulation, did not differ from reference values in the 40-year-old normotensive controls. In the hypertensive group a close correlation (r = 0·77, P < 0·001) was found between plasma noradrenaline and plasma renin concentration after acute stimulation. 3. Sympathetic nerve activity, as defined by measurements of plasma noradrenaline, is normal in mild essential hypertension. Discrepancies described in the literature are probably related to a lack of comparability between hypertensive and normotensive study populations.

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of low alcohol exposure, but adverse effects of high alcohol intake on glymphatic function

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iben Lundgaard ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Allison Eberhardt ◽  
Hanna Sophia Vinitsky ◽  
Benjamin Cameron Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
High Alcohol ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Low Alcohol ◽  
High Alcohol Intake

Are Racial Differences in Essential Hypertension Due to Different Pathogenetic Mechanisms?

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 383s-386s ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Sever ◽  
W. S. Peart ◽  
T. W. Meade ◽  
I. B. Davies ◽  
D. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Blacks And Whites ◽  
Made In

1. Plasma noradrenaline concentration and plasma renin activity were measured in a control, British, urban population (n = 115) in which blacks were matched for age and sex with whites. 2. Similar measurements were made in subjects with essential hypertension (77 white and 23 black), and 48 healthy normotensive white civil servants. 3. In controls blood pressure was significantly higher in blacks; it correlated with age in both races and with pulse rate in blacks. There were no significant racial differences in plasma noradrenaline which was positively correlated with age in both blacks and whites. Mean plasma renin activity was 55% lower in blacks, and this difference was not related to urinary sodium excretion. 4. In hypertensive subjects plasma noradrenaline positively correlated with age in blacks. This relationship was not found in whites in whom 20% of young hypertensive subjects (<45 years) had significantly raised plasma noradrenaline. Plasma renin activity was again significantly lower in blacks. In white hypertensives plasma noradrenaline and renin activity were significantly correlated. 5. There may be racial differences in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.

Is carbohydrate-deficient transferrin in serum useful for detecting excessive alcohol consumption in hypertensive patients?

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2057-2063 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Fagerberg ◽  
S Agewall ◽  
A Berglund ◽  
M Wysocki ◽  
P A Lundberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
High Alcohol ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
High Alcohol Intake

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the diagnostic usefulness of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) in serum in a cross-sectional study of 439 treated hypertensive men. We related the results to alcohol intake by questionnaire and to biochemical and hemodynamic measurements known to reflect excessive alcohol consumption. The diagnostic sensitivity and the specificity for high alcohol intake (&gt; or = 24 g/day of ethanol) were 44% and 87%, respectively. The group with reported high alcohol intake (n = 32) was characterized by hemodynamic and biochemical changes typical of alcohol abuse. The corresponding profile for the patients with increased serum CDT concentrations (n = 70) was different in several respects, indicating a considerable number of false-positive tests. We conclude that serum CDT determination had low sensitivity and specificity for excessive alcohol consumption in this group of hypertensive patients. The results illustrate the importance of evaluating new laboratory methods in unselected patient populations before drawing any conclusions about their clinical value.

Greater Antihypertensive Efficacy of the Calcium Channel Inhibitor Verapamil in Older and Low Renin Patients

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 439s-442s ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz R. Bühler ◽  
U. Lennart Hulthén ◽  
Wolfgang Kiowski ◽  
Peter Bolli
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Antihypertensive Efficacy ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Slow Channel ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Antihypertensive Response

1. The calcium slow channel inhibitor verapamil was administered as monotherapy (240-270 mg; mean 427 mg/day) on the average for 93 days to 43 patients with essential hypertension; 11 with low, 24 with normal and eight with high renin sodium index. 2. Verapamil reduced blood pressure from 171 ± 16/108 ± sd 6 mmHg to 152 ± 14/93 ± 9 (both P < 0.001); in 25 of the 43 patients a diastolic pressure ≤95 mmHg was achieved. Two patients each reported vertigo, sleeplessness and constipation. 3. The fall in mean blood pressure after verapamil was directly related to age (r = 0.759, P < 0.001), pretreatment mean blood pressure (r = 0.701, P < 0.01) and plasma noradrenaline concentration (r = 0.400, P < 0.05), and inversely related to plasma renin activity (r = −0.551), P < 0.001). These correlations were also significant for diastolic blood pressure. Accordingly, the antihypertensive response to verapamil was greatest in older and low renin patients. 4. This greater blood pressure decrease with verapamil in older and low renin patients suggests a greater calcium influx-dependent vasoconstriction in these patients, which seems to be directly related to the activity of the sympathetic nervous system.

Plasma Catecholamines and Plasma Renin Activity at Birth and during the First Days of Life

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 319s-321s ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Leonetti ◽  
C. Bianchini ◽  
G. B. Picotti ◽  
A. Cesura ◽  
Letizia Caccamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Plasma Adrenaline ◽  
Noradrenaline And Adrenaline ◽  
Noradrenaline Levels

1. Plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline concentrations and plasma renin activity were measured in 21 mothers at delivery and in their babies at birth (umbilical cord blood) and on days 1 and 5 of extrauterine life. 2. At birth plasma renin activity was significantly higher in the newborn than in mothers. Plasma renin activity increased further, but not significantly, on day 1 of life and significantly decreased on day 5. On day 5, 10 min head-up tilting caused no change in plasma renin activity. 3. Plasma noradrenaline in the newborn was higher than in mothers at birth and significantly decreased thereafter. Plasma adrenaline levels at birth were similar in the newborn and their mothers and significantly lower in the newborn in subsequent days. Tilting caused no increase in either plasma adrenaline or noradrenaline levels. 4. No correlation was found between plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels and plasma renin activity, or between noradrenaline, adrenaline or plasma renin activity and blood pressure.

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