A New Method for Measurement of Biliary Pharmacokinetics under Physiological Conditions in Man

A new method to prepare bottlebrush polymer poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride)-graft-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PAMA-g-PDMA) by the combination of “grafting onto” and catalyst-free o-phthalaldehyde (OPA)-amine coupling reaction was proposed. The PAMA backbone with primary...

Download Full-text

Mechanical measurement of hydrogen bonded host–guest systems under non-equilibrium, near-physiological conditions

Chemical Science ◽

10.1039/c7sc03044d ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 6037-6041 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Teresa Naranjo ◽

Fernando Cerrón ◽

Belén Nieto-Ortega ◽

Alfonso Latorre ◽

Álvaro Somoza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Strength ◽

New Method ◽

Mechanical Measurement ◽

Equilibrium Conditions ◽

Physiological Conditions ◽

Non Equilibrium ◽

Hydrogen Bonded

A new method to measure the mechanical strength of single hydrogen bonded host–guest systems under non-equilibrium conditions.

Download Full-text

Ultrastructure of Giant Mitochondria and Their Inclusions in Schwann Cells of Bovine Splenic Nerve

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100050986 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 194-195

Author(s):

Å. Thureson-Klein

Keyword(s):

Schwann Cells ◽

Cell Organelles ◽

Giant Mitochondria ◽

Matrix Density ◽

Physiological Conditions ◽

Unmyelinated Axons ◽

Internal Structures ◽

Structural Abnormalities ◽

Cytotoxic Compounds ◽

Cell Components

Giant mitochondria of various shapes and with different internal structures and matrix density have been observed in a great number of tissues including nerves. In most instances, the presence of giant mitochondria has been associated with a known disease or with abnormal physiological conditions such as anoxia or exposure to cytotoxic compounds. In these cases degenerative changes occurred in other cell organelles and, therefore the giant mitochondria also were believed to be induced structural abnormalities.Schwann cells ensheating unmyelinated axons of bovine splenic nerve regularly contain giant mitochondria in addition to the conventional smaller type (Fig. 1). These nerves come from healthy inspected animals presumed not to have been exposed to noxious agents. As there are no drastic changes in the small mitochondria and because other cell components also appear reasonably well preserved, it is believed that the giant mitochondria are normally present jin vivo and have not formed as a post-mortem artifact.

Download Full-text

Selective Sampling and Orientation of Non-Homogeneous Tissues

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100100238 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 98-99

Author(s):

C. C. Clawson ◽

L. W. Anderson ◽

R. A. Good

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Random Sampling ◽

New Method ◽

Microscope Examination ◽

Small Areas ◽

Selective Sampling ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Specific Orientation

Investigations which require electron microscope examination of a few specific areas of non-homogeneous tissues make random sampling of small blocks an inefficient and unrewarding procedure. Therefore, several investigators have devised methods which allow obtaining sample blocks for electron microscopy from region of tissue previously identified by light microscopy of present here techniques which make possible: 1) sampling tissue for electron microscopy from selected areas previously identified by light microscopy of relatively large pieces of tissue; 2) dehydration and embedding large numbers of individually identified blocks while keeping each one separate; 3) a new method of maintaining specific orientation of blocks during embedding; 4) special light microscopic staining or fluorescent procedures and electron microscopy on immediately adjacent small areas of tissue.

Download Full-text

Freeze-fracture observations on changes in the distribution of Filipin-sterol complexes during epididymal maturation and capacitation of boar spermatozoa

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100157991 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 90-91

Author(s):

N. Seki ◽

Y. Toyama ◽

T. Nagano

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Essential Role ◽

Freeze Fracture ◽

Final Concentration ◽

Freeze Fracturing ◽

Physiological Conditions ◽

Epididymal Maturation ◽

Cacodylate Buffer ◽

Sperm Membrane ◽

Boar Spermatozoa

It is believed that i ntramembra.nous sterols play an essential role in membrane stability and permeability. To investigate the distribution changes of sterols in sperm membrane during epididymal maturation and capacitation, filipin has been used as a cytochemical probe for the detection for membrane sterols. Using this technique in combination with freeze fracturing, we examined the boar spermatozoa under various physiological conditions.The spermatozoa were collected from: 1) caput, corpus and cauda epididymides, 2) sperm rich fraction of ejaculates, and 3)the uterus 2hr after natural coition. They were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.05M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4), and treated with the filipin solution (final concentration : 0.02.0.05%) for 24hr at 4°C with constant agitation. After the filipin treatment, replicas were made by conventional freeze-fracture technique. The density of filipin-sterol complexes (FSCs) was determined in the E face of the plasma membrane of head regions.

Download Full-text