Age at Full-Time Use Predicts Language Outcomes Better Than Age of Surgery in Children Who Use Cochlear Implants

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa R. Park ◽  
Erika B. Gagnon ◽  
Erin Thompson ◽  
Kevin D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Language Outcomes ◽  
Age At Surgery ◽  
Device Placement ◽  
Device Use ◽  
Better Than

Purpose The aims of this study were to (a) determine a metric for describing full-time use (FTU), (b) establish whether age at FTU in children with cochlear implants (CIs) predicts language at 3 years of age better than age at surgery, and (c) describe the extent of FTU and length of time it took to establish FTU in this population. Method This retrospective analysis examined receptive and expressive language outcomes at 3 years of age for 40 children with CIs. Multiple linear regression analyses were run with age at surgery and age at FTU as predictor variables. FTU definitions included 8 hr of device use and 80% of average waking hours for a typically developing child. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the establishment and degree of FTU. Results Although 8 hr of daily wear is typically considered FTU in the literature, the 80% hearing hours percentage metric accounts for more variability in outcomes. For both receptive and expressive language, age at FTU was found to be a better predictor of outcomes than age at surgery. It took an average of 17 months for children in this cohort to establish FTU, and only 52.5% reached this milestone by the time they were 3 years old. Conclusions Children with normal hearing can access spoken language whenever they are awake, and the amount of time young children are awake increases with age. A metric that incorporates the percentage of time that children with CIs have access to sound as compared to their same-aged peers with normal hearing accounts for more variability in outcomes than using an arbitrary number of hours. Although early FTU is not possible without surgery occurring at a young age, device placement does not guarantee use and does not predict language outcomes as well as age at FTU.

scholarly journals Perception of Marathi consonant manner contrasts in children with and without hearing impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Aparna Nandurkar ◽  
Geetha Mukundan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Indian Languages ◽  
Minimal Pairs ◽  
Pointing Task ◽  
Phoneme Perception ◽  
Better Than

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Very few published studies have reported phoneme contrasts in children with and without hearing impairment in Indian languages. The present study is aimed at comparing perception of manner contrasts in 6 to 8 year old Marathi children with normal hearing and those with hearing impairment using hearing aids and cochlear implants<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Two hundred 6 to 8 year olds participated across three groups: 106 with normal hearing (NH), 47 with hearing aids (HA) and 47 with cochlear implants (CI). Perception of four consonant manner contrasts was assessed using a four-alternative, forced choice picture-pointing task using recorded minimal pairs with CVC or CVCV words: a) Stop vs. Fricative; b) Stop vs. Nasal; c) Stop vs. Affricate and d) Aspiration<span lang="EN-IN">.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> All NH participants obtained ceiling scores for stop vs. fricative and stop vs. nasal contrasts. NH participants performed significantly better than participants with CI on all contrasts. Performance of HA participants was more variable and significantly poorer than the CI participants. Children implanted at or before 4 years of age and those using CI for more than 2.5 years performed consistently better on all contrasts as compared to those implanted after 4 years of age and using it for less than 2.5 years. Children fitted with HA at or after 2.5 years of age performed consistently better than those fitted before 2.5 years of age. Participants with average hearing aided thresholds 45 dB HL or lower (better) performed better than those with average aided thresholds above 45 dB HL<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Normative data on perception of various manner contrasts in Marathi is generated. Phoneme perception skills of children with NH are significantly better than those of children with CI and HA<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

scholarly journals Integrated Bimodal Fitting for Unilateral CI Users with Residual Contralateral Hearing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
Gennaro Auletta ◽  
Annamaria Franzè ◽  
Carla Laria ◽  
Carmine Piccolo ◽  
Carmine Papa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Performance Difference ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Noisy Conditions ◽  
New Formula ◽  
Better Than

Background: The aim of this study was to compare, in users of bimodal cochlear implants, the performance obtained using their own hearing aids (adjusted with the standard NAL-NL1 fitting formula) with the performance using the Phonak Naìda Link Ultra Power hearing aid adjusted with both NAL-NL1 and a new bimodal system (Adaptive Phonak Digital Bimodal (APDB)) developed by Advanced Bionics and Phonak Corporations. Methods: Eleven bimodal users (Naìda CI Q70 + contralateral hearing aid) were enrolled in our study. The users’ own hearing aids were replaced with the Phonak Naìda Link Ultra Power and fitted following the new formula. Speech intelligibility was assessed in quiet and noisy conditions, and comparisons were made with the results obtained with the users’ previous hearing aids and with the Naída Link hearing aids fitted with the NAL-NL1 generic prescription formula. Results: Using Phonak Naìda Link Ultra Power hearing aids with the Adaptive Phonak Digital Bimodal fitting formula, performance was significantly better than that with the users’ own rehabilitation systems, especially in challenging hearing situations for all analyzed subjects. Conclusions: Speech intelligibility tests in quiet settings did not reveal a significant difference in performance between the new fitting formula and NAL-NL1 fittings (using the Naída Link hearing aids), whereas the performance difference between the two fittings was very significant in noisy test conditions.

scholarly journals Correlation between Leisure Activity Time and Life Satisfaction: Based on KOSTAT Time Use Survey Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jin Cha
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
National Level ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Time Use Survey

Rationale. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the available leisure activity time and life satisfaction of the healthy elderly and the factors affecting them. Method. For the analysis, data from the 2014 Time Use Survey (2014TUS) published by Statistics Korea (KOSTAT) was used. This study classified the detailed activities of 9228 subjects, based on the data in 2014TUS, and analyzed the differences in time use for occupation domains by age group. Results. It was found that a greater amount time used for outdoor leisure activities yielded a higher life satisfaction value. Differences were found in time use by occupation domains between younger and older groups. These showed higher life satisfaction for those with spouses, regular full-time jobs, higher education, and better health. Conclusion. Based on these results, in order to improve the quality of life (QoL) for older adults, it is necessary to develop various leisure programs that require dynamic physical activities and to prepare alternative policies at the national level to promote participation in leisure activities by older adults. This study will provide occupational therapists (OTs) with data they can use to help older adults who have difficulty in time usage through time management intervention to improve their life satisfaction and QoL.

scholarly journals Are “Associate Professors” better than “Associate Teaching Professors”? Student and faculty perceptions of faculty titles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Morling ◽  
Jeong Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Research Universities ◽  
Faculty Perceptions ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Status ◽  
Better Than

Full-time teaching-focused faculty at research universities may hold alternative titles such as Assistant Teaching Professor, Instructor, or Lecturer. We manipulated the title of a fictitious faculty target to investigate how such titles are perceived. Students (N = 317), respected and liked all targets and their ratings did not differ depending on title. Faculty respondents (N = 645) also liked and respected all the targets, but predicted that Associate Teaching Professors, compared to Associate Professors, would be paid less and would be less likely to have tenure, hold the Ph.D. or be respected outside their university. Lecturer and Instructor titles were estimated to be even lower in status. We discuss what our data mean about the status of teaching in academia.

scholarly journals Cochlear Implants and Children with Vestibular Impairments

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (03) ◽  
pp. 305-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake Papsin ◽  
Sharon Cushing
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Sensory Deficit ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Language Outcomes ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Vestibular Loss ◽  
Acquired Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech And Language Development ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children occurs in 1 to 3% of live births and acquired hearing loss can additionally occur. This sensory deficit has far reaching consequences that have been shown to extend beyond speech and language development. Thankfully there are many therapeutic options that exist for these children with the aim of decreasing the morbidity of their hearing impairment. Of late, focus has shifted beyond speech and language outcomes to the overall performance of children with SNHL in real-world environments. To account for their residual deficits in such environments, clinicians must understand the extent of their sensory impairments. SNHL commonly coexists with other sensory deficits such as vestibular loss. Vestibular impairment is exceedingly common in children with SNHL with nearly half of children exhibiting vestibular end-organ dysfunction. These deficits naturally lead to impairments in balance and delay in motor milestones. However, this additional sensory deficit likely leads to further impairment in the performance of these children. This article focuses on the following:1. Defining the coexistence of vestibular impairment in children with SNHL and cochlear implants.2. Describing screening methods aimed at identifying vestibular dysfunction in children with SNHL.3. Understanding the functional implications of this dual-sensory impairment.4. Exploring possible rehabilitative strategies to minimize the impact of vestibular impairment in children with SNHL

scholarly journals Duration measurement of vocants in infants with Cochlear Implants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paris Binos
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Prosodic Feature ◽  
Verbal Skills ◽  
Young Infants

Vocants are precursors to speech and are facially neutral. The presence of these speechlike vocalizations was evident during the precursors to mature phonology called “protophones”. The prosodic feature of duration of the nuclei plays a crucial role in the shift of prelexical to mature speech, since speech intelligibility is closely related to the control of duration. The aim of this work is to determine whether cochlear implants (CIs) positively trigger language acquisition and the development of verbal skills. Recent literature findings are compared and discussed with the performance of two Greek congenitally hearing-impaired infants who were matched with three normal-hearing (NH) infants. This work highlighted an important weakness of the prosodic abilities of young infants with CIs.

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