Listening and Language at 4 Years of Age

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith S. Gravel ◽  
Ina F. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
First Year ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
Cognitive Measure ◽  
Listening Task ◽  
First Year Of Life

The effect of early otitis media on preschoolers’ listening and language abilities was examined in a cohort of prospectively followed children. At 4 years of age, children considered otitis negative and otitis positive during the first year of life were examined using a speech-incompetition task and several standardized measures of language and cognitive function. An adaptive test procedure was used, with sentence materials from the Pediatric Speech Intelligibility Test (PSI) (Jerger & Jerger, 1984). Results indicated that children with positive histories of otitis media during the first year required a more advantageous signal-to-competition ratio to perform at 50% sentence intelligibility than did their otitis-negative peers. There was no interaction between birth status (high-risk or full-term) and adaptive PSI listening task outcome. No differences between the groups were found In either receptive or expressive language abilities or in cognitive abilities. Further, there was no relationship between any language or cognitive measure and the adaptive PSI result

Early Otitis Media, Auditory Abilities, and Educational Risk

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith S. Gravel ◽  
Ina F. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
First Year ◽  
School Age ◽  
Academic Risk ◽  
Academic Abilities ◽  
Educational Risk ◽  
First Year Of Life

Fourteen children whose first-year otitis media (OM) histories were well documented by prospective pneumatic otoscopy were given formal measures of their academic abilities at 6 years of age using the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities and Tests of Achievement and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Parents and teachers of the children completed the appropriate Conners' Rating Scales that queried behavioral and attentional characteristics. In addition, at school age, the children were screened for academic risk using the Screening Instrument for Targeting Educational Risk (SIFTER). At 4 years, these same children's abilities to listen in background competition were assessed using an adaptive competing sentences task. Auditory sensitivity was estimated in the first year of life with the click-ABR. Results suggest that a history of persistent OM and mild conductive hearing loss in the first year of life is associated with poorer academic abilities at school age, particularly in reading skills and those that underlie reading. Teachers' ratings of children's behavior and attention in the academic setting were different between OM groups (first-year OM-free versus OM-positive). Listening in background competition at 4 years of age was associated with teachers' ratings of academic performance at school age. Early OM and mild hearing loss appear detrimental to several auditory-based learning skills.

scholarly journals Auditory temporal abilities in children with history of recurrent otitis media in the first years of life and persistent in preschool and school ages

CoDAS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 494-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Cruvinel Villa ◽  
Sthella Zanchetta
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Frequency Pattern ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Recurrent Otitis Media

PURPOSE: To study the temporal auditory ordering and resolution abilities in children with and without a history of early OME and ROME, as well as to study the responses according to age. METHODS: A total of 59 children were evaluated, and all of them presented pure tone thresholds within the normal range at the time of the conduction of the hearing tests. The children were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of episodes of recurrent otitis media. Then, each group was divided into two subgroups according to age: 7- and 8-year olds, and 9- and 10-year olds. All children were assessed with standard tests of temporal frequency (ordination) and gaps-in-noise (resolution). RESULTS: For the temporal abilities studied, children with a history of otitis media presented significantly lower results compared to the control group. In the frequency pattern test, the correct answers increased with age in both groups. In the identification of silence intervals, the control group showed no change in threshold regarding to age, but this change was present in the group with a history of otitis media. CONCLUSION: Episodes of otitis media with effusion in the first year of life, recurrent and persistent in preschool and school ages, negatively influence the temporal ordering and resolution abilities.

Long Term Communication Deficiencies in Children with Otitis Media During Their First Year of Life

1997 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Ruben ◽  
I. F. Wallace ◽  
J. Gravel
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

Otitis Media in the First Year of Life

1990 ◽  
Vol 99 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 33-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin D. Marchant ◽  
Paul A. Shurin
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Respiratory Viral Infections in the First Year of Life: Association With Acute Otitis Media Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnee Chonmaitree ◽  
Pedro Alvarez-Fernandez ◽  
Kristofer Jennings ◽  
Rocio Trujillo ◽  
Tal Marom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
First Year ◽  
Media Development ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Specific probiotics in reducing the risk of acute infections in infancy – a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 1722-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuli Rautava ◽  
Seppo Salminen ◽  
Erika Isolauri
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections ◽  
First Year Of Life

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to determine whether probiotics might be effective in reducing the risk of infections in infancy. Infants requiring formula before the age of 2 months were recruited from community well-baby clinics. Infant formula supplemented with the probioticsLactobacillus rhamnosusGG andBifidobacterium lactisBb-12 or placebo was administered daily until the age of 12 months. Incidence of early infections (before the age of 7 months) and incidence of recurrent (three or more) infections during the first year of life were recorded as the main outcome measures of the study. During the first 7 months of life, seven out of thirty-two (22 %) infants receiving probiotics and twenty out of forty (50 %) infants receiving placebo experienced acute otitis media (risk ratio (RR) 0·44 (95 % CI 0·21, 0·90);P = 0·014) and antibiotics were prescribed for ten out of thirty-two (31 %) infants receiving probiotics and twenty-four out of forty (60 %) infants receiving placebo (RR 0·52 (95 % CI 0·29, 0·92);P = 0·015). During the first year of life, nine out of thirty-two (28 %) infants receiving probiotics and twenty-two out of forty (55 %) infants receiving placebo encountered recurrent respiratory infections (RR 0·51 (95 % CI 0·27, 0·95);P = 0·022). These data suggest that probiotics may offer a safe means of reducing the risk of early acute otitis media and antibiotic use and the risk of recurrent respiratory infections during the first year of life. Further clinical trials are warranted.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF BREAST FEEDING ON INCIDENCE OF OTITIS MEDIA IN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE. 1005

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 170-170
Author(s):  
H Faden ◽  
L Duffy ◽  
D Krystofik ◽  
R Wasielewski ◽  
Y Tung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

PO-0113 Alimentation Factor In Otitis Media Development In Children Of The First Year Of Life

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. A286.3-A286
Author(s):  
S Diacova ◽  
A Jivalcovschi ◽  
E Antohi ◽  
T Macalet ◽  
O Diacova
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
First Year ◽  
Media Development ◽  
First Year Of Life

Use of a Mild Gain Amplifier With Preschoolers With Language Delay

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Flexer ◽  
Hallie Savage
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Language Delay ◽  
First Year ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Test Taking ◽  
First Year Of Life

The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (1991) has urged collaborative research among speech-language pathologists and audiologists in order to investigate the efficacy of using assistive listening devices on persons with normal peripheral hearing sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate some of the effects of a mild gain hard-wired assistive listening device on the test-taking performances of 11 preschoolers who were language delayed. The children had histories of otitis media with effusion in the first year of life but had normal hearing sensitivity during each experimental condition. Results revealed a significant reduction in test-taking time in the amplified condition.

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