EFFECTS OF BREAST FEEDING ON INCIDENCE OF OTITIS MEDIA IN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE. 1005

Abstract Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the current state of breast-feeding promotion in hospitals and the prevalence of breast-feeding during the first year of life in Germany and to compare the results with a study 20 years earlier. Design: In the studies on ‘breast-feeding and infant nutrition in Germany’ named ‘SuSe’, a cross-sectional survey in hospitals was combined with a subsequent prospective survey of breast-feeding and infant nutrition during the first year of life (0·5, 2, 4, 6 and 12 months after birth) in mother–infant pairs who were recruited in the hospitals. Written questionnaires and phone calls were used in SuSe I and web-based questionnaires in SuSe II. Breast-feeding promotion and prevalence were evaluated using recommendations from the WHO and the UNICEF. Setting: Two nationwide surveys SuSe I (1997–1998) and SuSe II (2017–2019). Participants: In SuSe I, 177 hospitals and 1717 mother–infant pairs and in SuSe II 109 hospitals and 962 mother–infant pairs were included. Results: In SuSe II, hospitals implemented seven of the WHO ‘Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding’ to a greater extent than the hospitals in SuSe I. More mothers exclusively breastfed for 4 months (57 % v. 33 %) and continued breast-feeding until 6 (78 % v. 48 %) and 12 months (41 % v. 13 %). In both studies, exclusive breast-feeding decreased between 4 and 6 months of age due to the introduction of complementary feeding. Conclusions: In Germany, breast-feeding habits have come closer to the recommendations over the last 20 years.

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Hospital Maternal Care Is Disruptive

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.57.2.294a ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 294-295

Author(s):

Justin D. Call

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Maternal Care ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Mammalian Species ◽

Smooth Transition ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life

"Breast-Feeding: Second Thoughts" by Gerrard,1 sets forth epidemiologic and immunological data on human and other mammalian species showing that colostrum and breast milk actively protect the infant from enterocolitis and respiratory infections when breast-feeding is begun immediately after birth and continued through at least most of the first year of life. Gerrard hypothesizes that breast-feeding provides a smooth transition for the baby from being entirely dependent on the mother for nutritional and immunological requirements to being completely independent from her.

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Listening and Language at 4 Years of Age

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.3503.588 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 588-595 ◽

Cited By ~ 101

Author(s):

Judith S. Gravel ◽

Ina F. Wallace

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Speech Intelligibility ◽

Test Procedure ◽

First Year ◽

Language Abilities ◽

Standardized Measures ◽

Cognitive Measure ◽

Listening Task ◽

First Year Of Life

The effect of early otitis media on preschoolers’ listening and language abilities was examined in a cohort of prospectively followed children. At 4 years of age, children considered otitis negative and otitis positive during the first year of life were examined using a speech-incompetition task and several standardized measures of language and cognitive function. An adaptive test procedure was used, with sentence materials from the Pediatric Speech Intelligibility Test (PSI) (Jerger & Jerger, 1984). Results indicated that children with positive histories of otitis media during the first year required a more advantageous signal-to-competition ratio to perform at 50% sentence intelligibility than did their otitis-negative peers. There was no interaction between birth status (high-risk or full-term) and adaptive PSI listening task outcome. No differences between the groups were found In either receptive or expressive language abilities or in cognitive abilities. Further, there was no relationship between any language or cognitive measure and the adaptive PSI result

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Auditory temporal abilities in children with history of recurrent otitis media in the first years of life and persistent in preschool and school ages

CoDAS ◽

10.1590/2317-1782/20142014008 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 494-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Priscila Cruvinel Villa ◽

Sthella Zanchetta

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Temporal Frequency ◽

Control Group ◽

First Year ◽

Normal Range ◽

Frequency Pattern ◽

History Of ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Recurrent Otitis Media

PURPOSE: To study the temporal auditory ordering and resolution abilities in children with and without a history of early OME and ROME, as well as to study the responses according to age. METHODS: A total of 59 children were evaluated, and all of them presented pure tone thresholds within the normal range at the time of the conduction of the hearing tests. The children were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of episodes of recurrent otitis media. Then, each group was divided into two subgroups according to age: 7- and 8-year olds, and 9- and 10-year olds. All children were assessed with standard tests of temporal frequency (ordination) and gaps-in-noise (resolution). RESULTS: For the temporal abilities studied, children with a history of otitis media presented significantly lower results compared to the control group. In the frequency pattern test, the correct answers increased with age in both groups. In the identification of silence intervals, the control group showed no change in threshold regarding to age, but this change was present in the group with a history of otitis media. CONCLUSION: Episodes of otitis media with effusion in the first year of life, recurrent and persistent in preschool and school ages, negatively influence the temporal ordering and resolution abilities.

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