Educational and occupational attainment and drinking behavior: an expectancy model in young adulthood

While research on adolescent occupational expectations is voluminous, it either ignores students who do not report any career plans or imputes their answers. Consequently, little is known about the potential consequences that not having clear occupational expectations in adolescence might have for educational and occupational attainment in young adulthood. Therefore, this article presents evidence from the Longitudinal Survey of Australian Youth (LSAY), which followed students between 2006 and 2016, to consider whether occupational uncertainty in this cohort is better understood as strategic role exploration or structured aimlessness. Uncertainty persists over time as students who do not report career plans at age 16 tend to be occupationally uncertain also seven years later. However, it is occupational uncertainty in young adulthood, not in adolescence, that better predicts the lack of university degree and lower expected life-time earnings at age 26.

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Links between family gender socialization experiences in childhood and gendered occupational attainment in young adulthood

Journal of Vocational Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.jvb.2015.07.003 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 90 ◽

pp. 26-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Katie M. Lawson ◽

Ann C. Crouter ◽

Susan M. McHale

Keyword(s):

Young Adulthood ◽

Gender Socialization ◽

Occupational Attainment

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A Life Course Model of Education and Alcohol Use

Journal of Health and Social Behavior ◽

10.1177/002214650704800305 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 267-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Robert Crosnoe ◽

Catherine Riegle-Crumb

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Life Course ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Drinking Behavior ◽

Life Course Perspective ◽

Academic Status ◽

High School Grades ◽

Longitudinal Association ◽

Academically Advanced ◽

Nationally Representative

Working from a life course perspective, this study examined the paradoxical association between academic status and drinking across the transition to young adulthood with multilevel modeling and a nationally representative sample of young people from the Add Health data project ( n = 6,308). Taking academically advanced courses in high school was associated with lower rates of current drinking and binge drinking during high school (grades 9–12) but higher rates of both after high school (age range: 20–26). This positive longitudinal association between academic status and drinking was explained partly, but not completely, by educational, family, and work circumstances in young adulthood. The association was less likely to occur among students who attended high schools in which high achievement was the norm. Thus, the association between academic status and drinking behavior reverses across the transition to young adulthood, especially in certain types of peer environments within the educational system.

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The ultrastructure of acinar cells in the external orbital gland of young and old male rats

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100082248 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 276-277

Author(s):

R. Carriere

Keyword(s):

Young Adulthood ◽

Acinar Cells ◽

Cell Number ◽

Male Rats ◽

Polyploid Cell ◽

Secretory Cells ◽

Age Changes ◽

Albino Rat ◽

Golgi Membranes ◽

Diploid Cells

The external orbital gland of the albino rat exhibits both sexual dimorphism and histological age changes. In males, many cells attain a remarkable degree of polyploidy and an increase of polyploid cell number constitutes the major age change until young adulthood. The acini of young adults have a small lumen and are composed of tall serous cells. Subsequently, many acini acquire a larger lumen with an irregular outline while numerous vacuoles accumulate throughout the secretory cells. At the same time, vesicular acini with a large lumen surrounded by pale-staining low cuboidal diploid cells begin to appear and their number increases throughout old age. The fine structure of external orbital glands from both sexes has been explored and in considering acinar cells from males, emphasis was given to the form of the Golgi membranes and to nuclear infoldings of cytoplasmic constituents.

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Positive Adult Personality Development

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040.10.4.320 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 320-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 106

Author(s):

Ursula M. Staudinger ◽

Ute Kunzmann

Keyword(s):

Young Adulthood ◽

Personality Development ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Personality Change ◽

Developmental Tasks ◽

Adult Personality ◽

Heated Debate

Abstract. Does personality stay stable after young adulthood or is there continued change throughout middle and later adulthood? For decades, this question has caused heated debate. Over the last couple of years, a consensus has emerged based on recent cross-cultural as well as longitudinal evidence. This consensus confirms that indeed there is personality change in middle and later adulthood. Many authors have labeled this change personality maturation or growth. In somewhat simplified terms the observed pattern is as follows: neuroticism declines, conscientiousness and agreeableness increase. At the same time it has been argued that this pattern of personality change is the result of coping with the developmental tasks of adulthood and, thus, increased adjustment. We would like to examine this practice of equating developmental adjustment with growth and ask how to define personality growth. To answer this question, we consult theories of personality development as well as lifespan theory.

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