Laboratory-scale inactivation of African swine fever virus and swine vesicular disease virus in pig slurry

African swine fever (ASF) and swine vesicular disease (SVD) are virus diseases that threaten the pig populations in Europe. This paper examines the effectiveness of two methods used to inactivate these two viruses in pig slurry, and then describes the design of a pilot plant which makes use of one inactivation method. The first method is the addition of alkali, specifically NaOH or Ca(OH)2 at various concentrations. ASF virus (ASFV) required 1% of either NaOH or Ca(OH)2 for inactivation; SVD virus (SVDV) required 1.5% NaOH or Ca(OH)2 for similar inactivation. The second method was the application of heat. ASFV was inactivated to below detectable levels at 56°C within 90 seconds, whereas SVDV required 60°C for inactivation within 90 seconds. Heat was identified as the most suitable method, and a pilot plant was designed and assembled for the inactivation of viruses in pig slurry at a rate of up to 100 litres per hour.

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African Swine Fever Virus Infection of Skin-Derived Dendritic Cells in Vitro Causes Interference with Subsequent Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Infection

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063879500700106 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 44-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Douglas A. Gregg ◽

Donald H. Schlafer ◽

Charles A. Mebus

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cells ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Disease Virus ◽

African Swine Fever Virus ◽

Foot And Mouth Disease ◽

African Swine Fever ◽

Mouth Disease ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Mouth Disease Virus

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Recombinant Newcastle disease virus expressing African swine fever virus protein 72 is safe and immunogenic in mice

Virologica Sinica ◽

10.1007/s12250-015-3692-2 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 150-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xinxin Chen ◽

Jifei Yang ◽

Yanhong Ji ◽

Edward Okoth ◽

Bin Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

African Swine Fever Virus ◽

African Swine Fever ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Virus Protein ◽

Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus

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Disinfection to control African swine fever virus: a UK perspective

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.001410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Andrew D. Wales ◽

Robert H. Davies

Keyword(s):

Disease Virus ◽

African Swine Fever Virus ◽

Foot And Mouth Disease ◽

African Swine Fever ◽

Published Data ◽

Environmental Persistence ◽

Content Type ◽

Swine Vesicular Disease Virus ◽

Mouth Disease Virus ◽

The Uk

A review of African swine fever (ASF) was conducted, including manifestations of disease, its transmission and environmental persistence of ASF virus. Findings on infectious doses of contemporary highly-pathogenic strains isolated from outbreaks in Eastern Europe were included. Published data on disinfectant susceptibility of ASF virus were then compared with similar findings for selected other infectious agents, principally those used in the UK disinfectant approvals tests relating to relevant Disease Orders for the control of notifiable and zoonotic diseases of livestock. These are: swine vesicular disease virus, foot and mouth disease virus, Newcastle disease virus and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. The comparative data thus obtained, presented in a series of charts, facilitated estimates of efficacy against ASF virus for some UK approved disinfectants when applied at their respective General Orders concentrations. Substantial data gaps were encountered for several disinfectant agents or classes, including peracetic acid, quaternary ammonium compounds and products based on phenols and cresols.

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