Efficacy of Nimodipine in the Prophylaxis of Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Havanka-Kanniainen ◽  
E Hokkanen ◽  
VV Myllylä
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Final Value ◽  
Prophylactic Drug ◽  
Better Than

The efficacy of nimodipine in the prophylaxis of migraine was assessed in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study carried out on 33 patients, 20 of whom suffered from classic and 13 from common migraine. Four patients dropped out, but not as a result of the side effects of the drug. The duration of drug treatment was 8 weeks. The dosage used was 30 mg four times daily. Nimodipine proved to be better than placebo, the number of migraine attacks and severity of headache showing a significant reduction. The drug was well tolerated and no marked side effects were noted. The results suggest that nimodipine is a useful new prophylactic drug for migraine, but further studies are needed before its final value can be evaluated.

Double-Blind Placebo Controlled Oral Analgesic Comparison of Butorphanol and Pentazocine in Patients with Moderate to Severe Post-Operative Pain

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-428
Author(s):  
Robert E S Young
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Oral Analgesic ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Maximum Pain ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Observation Period

A double-blind, randomized trial was conducted in 120 post-surgical patients to evaluate the oral analgesic activity of butorphanol tartrate (4 mg and 8 mg) and pentazocine HCl (50 mg) as compared to placebo. Both doses of butorphanol as well as pentazocine proved to be significantly (p <0.05) more effective than placebo. Butorphanol 4 mg and pentazocine 50 mg were never significantly different from each other, while butorphanol 8 mg was significantly better than both butorphanol 4 mg as well as pentazocine 50 mg in several instances, demonstrating a significant dose effect relationship for butorphanol. All of the active treatments provided maximum pain relief within 1 to 2 hours and were effective over 4 hours. In contrast to the other treatments, none of the 8 mg butorphanol patients required remedication during the 4-hour observation period. Generally, the incidence of side-effects appeared low.

A Controlled Trial of Baclofen in Children with Cerebral Palsy

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Milla ◽  
A D M Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Muscle Spasticity ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Better Than

A double-blind crossover trial against placebo was conducted to assess the effects of the GABA derivative, baclofen, on the disabilities due to muscle spasticity in twenty children suffering from cerebral palsy. Baclofen performed very significantly better than placebo in reducing spasticity and significantly better than placebo in allowing both active and passive limb movements to be carried out. Notable improvement was also seen in scissoring. Side-effects were minimal and responded promptly to dose reduction. The evaluation of drug effects on muscle spasticity and the pharmacodynamics of baclofen are discussed. Recommendations are made regarding dosage of baclofen in childhood.

Tolfenamic Acid, Metoclopramide, Caffeine and Their Combinations in The Treatment of Migraine Attacks

Cephalalgia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riitta A Tokola ◽  
Pentti Kangasniemi ◽  
Pertti J Neuvonen ◽  
Olavi Tokola
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Tolfenamic Acid ◽  
Acute Migraine ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Better Than

Tolfenamic acid is a fenamate which inhibits prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis and may act as a PG antagonist as well. Caffeine and metoclopramide are used in combination with analgesics and ergotamine in the treatment of migraine attacks, but controlled clinical studies on fixed combinations with analgesics are rare. The effects of orally given tolfenamic acid (200 mg), caffeine (100 mg), metoclopramide (10 mg), tolfenamic acid + caffeine (200 mg + 100 mg), tolfenamic acid + metoclopramide (200 mg + 10 mg) and placebo were studied in 49 migraine patients (3 men, 46 women) in a double-blind randomized cross-over study comprising 482 migraine attacks. The patients were allowed to take either one or two capsules of each preparation for an attack. Additional drugs were allowed after 3 h. Parameters characterizing the effects and side-effects of the drugs were registered. Tolfenamic acid and its combinations were found to be effective in the treatment of acute migraine, but caffeine and metoclopramide alone did not differ from placebo. Combination with metoclopramide was better than tolfenamic acid alone as judged by the smaller dose needed and the intensity of attack. Between tolfenamic acid alone and its caffeine combination there were no statistically significant differences.

A Clinical Comparison of Triazolam with Placebo and with Secobarbital in Insomniac Patients

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kay Okawa ◽  
George S Allen
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Sleep Questionnaire ◽  
Clinical Comparison ◽  
Hypnotic Efficacy ◽  
Better Than

Seventy-six out-patient insomniacs participated in three different two-night, double-blind crossover trials investigating the hypnotic efficacy and safety of triazolam. Triazolam 0.5 mg was compared to placebo in one trial conducted by K Kay Okawa, MD, and triazolam 0.5 mg was compared to secobarbital 100 mg in trials conducted by K Kay Okawa, MD and George S Allen, MD. The results of the latter two studies were combined and the data analyzed jointly. Triazolam 0.5 mg was found to be preferred and to be significantly better than both placebo and secobarbital 100 mg in the treatment of insomnia. Analysis of sleep questionnaire data showed triazolam to be superior to either placebo or secobarbital on the following parameters: how much the medication helped the patient sleep; onset of sleep; duration of sleep; and number of nocturnal awakenings. No differences were observed between treatments in any trial with regard to the patient's feeling of alertness the next morning. The side-effects reported for all treatments did not significantly interfere with the patients' ability to function.

Efficacy of Nimodipine in Comparison with Pizotifen in the Prophylaxis of Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Havanka-Kanniainen ◽  
E Hokkanen ◽  
V V Myllylä
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Placebo Period ◽  
Drug Treatments ◽  
Better Than

The efficacy of nimodipine in comparison with that of pizotifen was assessed in the prophylaxis of migraine in a double-blind cross-over study, in which a double-dummy technique was also utilized. The study was carried out on 43 migraine patients, of whom 15 had classic and 28 had common migraine. A 4-week run-in placebo period preceded the drug treatments, the drug treatments lasted 12 weeks, and there was a washout placebo period of 4 weeks between nimodipine and pizotifen treatments. The dosages used were 40 mg three times daily for nimodipine and 0.5 mg three times daily for pizotifen. Both nimodipine and pizotifen proved to be better than placebo, the number of migraine attacks showing a significant reduction. There was no difference between nimodipine. and pizotifen in antimigrainous efficacy, but there were fewer side effects during the nimodipine period. The results suggest that nimodipine is an effective drug for the prophylaxis of migraine, with few side effects and therapeutic efficacy equal to that of pizotifen.

Comparative Efficacy of Lormetazepam (Noctamid®) and Diazepam (Valium®) in 100 Out-Patients with Insomnia

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sastre y Hernández ◽  
H-D Hentschel ◽  
K Fichte
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Better Than

Lormetazepam (Noctamid®) at a dosage of 1 mg was compared with diazepam (Valium®) at a dosage of 5 mg in a 7-day double-blind study. The study involved fifty patients in the lormetazepam group and fifty patients in the diazepam group. All the patients were suffering from sleep disorders as a concomitant symptom of general diseases. Lormetazepam was significantly better than diazepam in the: Reduction of the time taken to fall asleep (p < 0.05) Prolongation of the duration of uninterrupted sleep (p < 0.05) Reduction of the frequency of awakening (p < 0.05) Lormetazepam displayed no hang-over effects or other side-effects and, in this respect too, was significantly superior to diazepam (p < 0.05).

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