Rediscovery and elaborate description of Platycephalus cultellatus Richardson, 1846 collected from the coastal waters of South China Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Na Song ◽  
Jianwei Zou ◽  
Tianxiang Gao
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
South China ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Meristic Counts ◽  
The Mean

Platycephalus cultellatus Richardson, 1846 was originally found and named in its type locality, Canton, Guangdong Province, China. However, this species was very rare in the coastal waters of China. Except that Qin et al. simply mentioned the original literature records of this species in 2013, no Chinese taxonomy books or publications have ever recorded or described local P. cultellatus. We collected P. cultellatus individuals from the coastal waters of South China Sea and gave valid identification and detailed descriptions of this species. The diacritically meristic counts were listed as follows: first dorsal fin usually with two small isolated spine anteriorly; second dorsal-fin and anal-fin usually with 13 soft rays; pectoral fin usually with 17–19 soft rays and without very small dark spots; caudal fin with 3–6 horizontal blackish bands, but without yellow marking on the middle when fresh; gill rakers 7–10 and pored lateral line scales 65–76. These conclusive characters were consistent with typical P. cultellatus individuals and could thoroughly separate them from other Platycephalus species. The fragment of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of mitochondrial DNA was also sequenced for the classification of specimens. The mean genetic distance within P. cultellatus was 0.25%, net genetic distance between P. cultellatus and other 14 species of the genus Platycephalus ranged from 11.59 to 25.48%. The phylogenetic analysis supported the validity of P. cultellatus existed in the coastal waters of South China Sea. This study will contribute to species identification within this genus distributed in Chinese seas.

Enigmaticolus inflatus sp. nov., a new buccinid species from a methane seep area in the South China Sea (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4728 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHUQIAN ZHANG ◽  
SUPING ZHANG ◽  
HAO CHEN
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Shell Shape ◽  
Methane Seep ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
C Subunit

During an investigation carried out by the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS), two living buccinid specimens were collected from a deep-sea methane seep area in the South China Sea. Observations of the shell, gross anatomy and radular morphology reveal that they represent an undescribed species of the genus Enigmaticolus. In this paper, we describe and illustrate this species as Enigmaticolus inflatus sp. nov. The new species is by general shell shape most similar to Enigmaticolus marshalli Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016 from Kermadec Ridge, New Zealand, but can be distinguished from it by having an inflated shell with reduced spiral sculpture, and by the absence of axial sculpture. Phylogenetic analysis using 636 bp of the cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (COI) gene also supports its systematic placement within Enigmaticolus. 

Microplastic ingestion by zooplankton in Terengganu coastal waters, southern South China Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 110616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roswati Md Amin ◽  
Erqa Shazira Sohaimi ◽  
Sabiqah Tuan Anuar ◽  
Zainudin Bachok
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Southern South China Sea ◽  
China Sea

Integrative taxonomy of enigmatic deep-sea true whelks in the sister-genera Enigmaticolus and Thermosipho (Gastropoda: Buccinidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Chen ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
Koen Fraussen ◽  
Jian-Wen Qiu
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Okinawa Trough ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Okinawa Trough ◽  
New Findings

Abstract Whelks in the sister-genera Enigmaticolus and Thermosipho (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) commonly inhabit deep-water hydrothermal vents and hydrocarbon seeps. Thermosipho desbruyeresi, originally described from the Lau Basin, was thought to occur in vents across the western Pacific, with Eosipho desbruyeresi nipponensis described from the Okinawa Trough treated as its junior synonym. However, new material collected from vents in the Okinawa Trough and seeps in the South China Sea exhibit key characteristics of Enigmaticolus. Re-examination of the types revealed that Eosipho d. nipponensis is actually morphologically distinct from Thermosipho desbruyeresi. A molecular phylogeny reconstructed using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene confirmed the placement of both taxa in Enigmaticolus and supported their distinctiveness at the species level. We, therefore, rehabilitate E. d. nipponensis as Enigmaticolus nipponensis comb. nov. and transfer T. desbruyeresi to the same genus, as Enigmaticolus desbruyeresi comb. nov. Our results also revealed that Enigmaticolus monnieri described from east Africa and E. inflatus described from the South China Sea are in fact conspecific with E. nipponensis. We discuss the distribution and biogeography, as well as morphological variability, of Enigmaticolus in the light of these new findings. Thermosipho is then left with only its type species, T. auzendei from the East Pacific vents. We have revised the diagnosis for the two genera, as well as the species included in them.

scholarly journals On The Simulation of Northeast Monsoon Rainfall Over Southern Peninsular India in CMIP5 Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.P. Sree ◽  
C. A. Babu ◽  
S. Vijaya Bhaskara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Cmip5 Models ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Sst Bias ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The skill of 34 CMIP5 models to simulate the mean state and interannual variability of Northeast Monsoon Rainfall (NEMR) is studied here. The mean (1979-2005) NEMR over southern Peninsular India (SPIRF), Indian Ocean and Maritime continents (10°S-30°N,40°E- 120°E) is simulated reasonably well by CMIP5 models with pattern correlation ranges from 0.6 to 0.93. Diverse behaviour in the simulation of Indian and Pacific Ocean SST is observed in the CMIP5 models. A set of models (high skill models: HSM), which shows a Negative Indian Ocean Dipole (NIOD) like mean (1979-2005) SST bias in Indian Ocean and strong La Nina like mean SST bias in the Pacific Ocean, are able to simulate the mean NEMR more realistically. Another set of models (low skill models: LSM) which shows a Positive IOD (PIOD) like mean SST bias in the Indian Ocean and weak La Nina like mean SST bias in the Pacific Ocean are not able to simulate the observed equatorial Indian Ocean westerlies, which leads to an abnormal ascending motion and unrealistic wet bias over the western Indian Ocean and dry bias over the southern Peninsular India, southeast Asia and southeast Indian Ocean. The observation analysis reveals that the establishment of South China Sea anticyclone and Bay of Bengal anticyclone during El Nino and PIOD are strongly related with the ascending motion over south peninsular India and enhances the south Peninsular Indian rainfall during NEM season. Around 70% of the CMIP5 models were not able to capture the observed positive correlation that exist between SPIRF and Nino3.4 SST as well as SPIRF and DMI. Unrealistic westward extension of South China Sea anticyclone and Bay of Bengal anticyclone (up to 70°E) in the low skill models (LSM-IAV) manifested as the abnormal descending anomalies and unrealistic dry bias over the southern Peninsular India. This leads to a negative Correlation coefficient (CC) between SPIRF and Nino 3.4 SST as well as SPIRF and DMI in the low skill models. The descending anomalies over South China Sea and ascending anomalies over the western Indian Ocean and southern Peninsular India (50°E-80°E) is well captured but with lower intensity in the high skill models (HSM-IAV) and hence it captures the observed positive CC between SPIRF and Nino3.4 SST as well as SPIRF and DMI.

scholarly journals First record of Monotaxis heterodon (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Lethrinidae) from the lagoon waters of Mischief Reef, South China Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-325
Author(s):  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Wenli Zhou ◽  
Binbin Shan ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Changping Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Single Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Percentage Points

Monotaxis heterodon (Bleeker, 1854) is widespread in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, however, it was reported that Monotaxis grandoculis (Forsskål, 1775) was the single species of Monotaxis in this area. We collected four M. heterodon specimens from the lagoon waters of Mischief Reef in South China Sea. A morphometric study was taken to confirm the occurrence of M. heterodon in the seawaters of the South China Sea and thoroughly separate them from M. grandoculis. In addition, DNA barcoding was taken for the classification of specimens. The mean genetic distance within M. heterodon group was 0.24 percentage points, group mean distance between M. heterodon and M. grandoculis was 8.71 percentage points. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the existence of M. heterodon in the lagoon waters of the South China Sea. This study will contribute to species identification within this genus distributed in the South China Sea.

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