scholarly journals Impact of repeated dose of stable iodine in an in utero rat model using a metabolomic approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Clément Rosique ◽  
Dalila Lebsir ◽  
Maâmar Souidi ◽  
Jean-Charles Martin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Undesirable Effect ◽  
Extended Exposure ◽  
Metabolomic Approach ◽  
Stable Iodine

The Fukushima nuclear power plant blast resulted in the release of 131Iodine for several weeks. This unexpected issue challenged the iodin doctrine [1], in which the counter-measure is to provide a unique iodine tablet to saturate thyroid during the radioactive contamination not expected to last more than several hours. A new doctrine must be implemented to take into account such case of extended exposure based on repeated iodine administration with adapted dosage. But repeated administration of iodine can block the thyroid [2] and few scientific evidences regarding repeated iodine administration (and its potential undesirable effect) are at our disposal [3]. Moreover, unborn and young children are at high risk during a nuclear incident: it is currently recognized that one of the risks of exposure to radioactive iodine is the development of thyroid cancer, especially when exposure occurred during childhood [4]. Their protection is a main priority. Our goal was to evaluate the potential undesirable effects of such repeated iodine administration in the offspring using an untargeted metabolomic approach on a rat reproductive model.

scholarly journals Risk perception of the pre-distribution of stable iodine to guardians of children living around the Genkai Nuclear Power Plant, Saga Prefecture, Japan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0250570
Author(s):  
Hitomi Matsunaga ◽  
Makiko Orita ◽  
Yasuyuki Taira ◽  
Noboru Takamura
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Childhood Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Stable Iodine

Iodine thyroid blocking (ITB) is effective for preventing childhood thyroid cancer when radioactive iodine is released into the environment during a nuclear power plant accident. Japan employs the pre-distribution of stable iodine (PDSI) to residents living near nuclear power plants; however, the number of residents who have actually received stable iodine to date remains limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of guardians of children living around the Genkai Nuclear Power Plant (GNPP) in Japan. We distributed self-administered questionnaires regarding perception of risks associated with administration of stable iodide to approximated 400 guardians of children aged 0–6 in 10 kindergartens located in four municipalities. We obtained responses from 286 guardians, and after excluding invalid responses, 247 were included in the analysis. Logistic regression analysis revealed that living within 5 km of the GNPP (odds ratio [OR] = 4.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.43–8.24), awareness of preferential implementation of ITB to children (OR = 3.33, 95%CI: 1.78–6.22), and awareness of the prophylaxis booklet published by the local government (OR = 2.53, 95%CI: 1.37–4.68) were independently associated with PDSI for children. The main reasons for not receiving PDSI were “anxiety about the side effects of stable iodine” (40.2%), “distrust of the effectiveness of SI” (23.5%), “complicated procedures for receiving stable iodine” (15.7%) and “missed the date for receiving stable iodine” (8.8%). In the case of ITB implementation during a nuclear emergency, it is necessary to clarify the risk perceptions of guardians and adapt risk communication accordingly.

scholarly journals Iodine deficiency disorders as a non-infectious epidemic: a look at the problem at the tome of COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
G. A. Mel’nichenko ◽  
E. A. Troshina ◽  
G. A. Gerasimov
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Salt Iodization

Radioactive iodine, flying out of the destroyed reactor of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, like a corona virus quickly spread throughout Europe. Iodine deficiency in the regions of Ukraine, Belarus and Russia adjacent to nuclear power plants became a factor in increased uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland in children and after 5 years led to an epidemic of thyroid cancer. Optimal iodine intake could become a kind of vaccination, which sharply reduces the risk of developing thyroid cancer, as has happened after the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan. Endemic goiter was eliminated 50 years ago, but returned to the country in the early 1990s after the collapse of iodized salt production and has not been eliminated to this day due to the lack of a legislative framework for mandatory salt iodization. The actual average consumption of iodine by residents of Russia is from 40 to 80 mcg per day, which is 23 times less than the recommended norm. Mild and moderate iodine deficiency was detected throughout the Russian Federation, and it is more typical for the the rural population. The iodine deficiency has the greatest negative effect on the psychomotor development of the child during the critical period the first 1000 days of life from the moment of conception to the end of the second year of life. According to WHO, over the past 20 years, iodine deficiency has been eliminated in 115 countries of the world, and the number of iodine-deficient countries has dropped to 25, but Russia is still among them. We believe that after the COVID-19 pandemic, it will no longer be necessary to prove the need for effective support for the prevention of both infectious and non-infectious diseases, and the declared preventive direction of Russian medicine will indeed become such.

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