Removal of Pb ion from water samples using red mud (bauxite ore processing waste)

Abstract Gamma ray spectrometry was used to quantify level of NORM in mining residues sampled at Awaso bauxite mine and surrounding communities. The radionuclides of interest were 238U, 232Th and 40K and the radioactivity levels were determined in soil, bauxite ore, red mud and water samples from wells. The radioactivity concentrations in soil, bauxite ore and red mud 238U, 232Th and 40K were 18.01±1.96 Bqkg-1, 19.07±2.12 Bqkg-1 and 103.21±1.74 Bqkg-1; 39.42±4.18 Bqkg-1, 97.32±10.63 Bqkg-1 and 14.68±1.82 Bqkg-1; 44.85±4.79, 64.23±6.58 and 125.30±18.72 Bqkg-1. The activity levels for both 232U and 232Th were above world-wide average values while Potassium-40 levels were lower. The mean activity concentration values of 238U, 232Th and 40K in water samples were 1.49±0.45 Bql-1, 3.68±0.69 Bql-1 and 15.69±0.28 Bql-1 respectively and were within the world average activity concentrations except for bauxite ore and red mud. The committed effective dose was 0.74 mSv and annual effective dose estimated to be 0.136 mSv which is below recommended dose limit of 1 mSvyear-1 for public exposure.

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Bulk Utilization of Red Mud in Geopolymer Based Products

Advances in Sciences and Engineering ◽

10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.86 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 86-91

Author(s):

Abhisek Mohapatra ◽

Prasanta Bose ◽

Sagar S Pandit ◽

Sanjay Kumar ◽

T.C. Alex

Keyword(s):

Red Mud ◽

Ash Content ◽

Target Strength ◽

Alkali Concentration ◽

Alumina Production ◽

Ore Processing ◽

Fine Size ◽

Bauxite Ore ◽

Alumina Industry ◽

And Storage

Red Mud is the solid residue generated from Alumina refinery during the process of bauxite ore processing through Bayer’s process. Typical generation of red mud is 1.5 tons of red mud per ton of alumina produced. The disposal and storage of red mud has been a concern for the alumina industry since its inception, more than a hundred years ago. With the increase in alumina production, the magnitude of the problem is getting multiplied. Its alkaline nature (Na2O ~ 3-7%) and fine size make red mud unsuitable for many applications; a limited utilization is reported in cement industries as one of the raw mix components for cement. The present work deals with the utilization of red mud in geopolymer based paving blocks. Alumina, silica and alkali are the essential items required for geopolymer preparation. Having all these in red mud, the current study attempted to use the same in geopolymer based products. The focus has been on bulk utilization of red mud; target strength of 20 MPa after 28 days of curing (M20 grade) has been the goal as this strength is sufficient for many applications. The study focused on optimizing the red mud content, alkali concentration, fly ash content, etc. The samples are tested for its compressive strength and leachability. The study reveals that significant amount of red mud incorporation is possible with products conforming to USEPA 1311 norms.

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Study of sorption processes and FT-IR analysis of arsenate sorbed onto red muds (a bauxite ore processing waste)

Journal of Hazardous Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.145 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 175 (1-3) ◽

pp. 172-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Paola Castaldi ◽

Margherita Silvetti ◽

Stefano Enzo ◽

Pietro Melis

Keyword(s):

Processing Waste ◽

Ore Processing ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Bauxite Ore ◽

Ir Analysis ◽

Red Muds

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Antimony and arsenic distribution and impacts at a derelict antimony mine in Scotland

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15753 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lenka Mbadugha ◽

Duncan Cowper ◽

Sapar Dossanov ◽

Graeme Paton

Keyword(s):

Water Samples ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Environmental Standards ◽

Arsenic Distribution ◽

Run Off ◽

Ore Processing ◽

Regulatory Limits ◽

Derelict Mine ◽

Historic Mining ◽

The Uk

Mining activities are acknowledged to introduce contaminants into localised environments and cause wider spread diffuse pollution. The concentration, distribution and fate of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) were studied at the former metalliferous Louisa Mine at Glendinning, Scotland. The associated deposit is one of very few able to produce Sb in the UK and was mined for three brief periods between 1793 and 1922. &#160;The remnants of the mine consist of the ore processing area and two spoils. Soils withing these zones as well as around the mine were sampled and complemented by water samples from the adjacent stream, the Glennshanna Burn. All samples were subsequently analysed to map the distribution of contamination and identify pollution sources. The maximum concentrations of As and Sb, 15490 and 1504.2 mg kg&#8722;1 respectively, were determined in soils associated with the ore processing area and spoil heaps. Anthropogenic activities also redistributed As and Sb within these mine zones and altered their relative ratios. The fractions of dissolved As and Sb in soils were < 1 and < 5% of total soil content, respectively, confirming findings of previous studies that As and Sb are relatively immobile. Yet, the concentrations of As and Sb released by soils exceeded regulatory limits.Concentrations of As and Sb in surface water in the immediate vicinity of the mine were impacted by a gully discharge, but rapidly diluted. While the concentrations affected by the run-off waters did not exceed EU environmental standards for freshwater, the concentrations of As and Sb sharply increased to 11.43 &#177; 3.43 and 9.28 &#177; 0.59 &#956;g l&#8722;1, respectively, approximately 100 m downstream of the mine site. The unaltered As to Sb ratios in water samples suggested a geogenic source of contamination.While there is a justifiable concern about the soil pollution caused by the historic mining in the studied area, the Glenshanna Burn is affected more by indigenous geochemical processes than the derelict mine.

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TOXICOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ESTIMATION LEVEL OF POLLUTION ECOSYSTEMS IN THE INDUSTRIAL REGION OF UKRAINE – KRIVOY ROG CITY

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202009212 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (9) ◽

pp. 1962-1967

Author(s):

Luibov V. Hryhorenko ◽

Svitlana Yu. Yehorova

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Water Samples ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Wild Plants ◽

Aquatic Biota ◽

Toxic Heavy Metals ◽

Drinking Purposes ◽

Ore Processing ◽

Permissible Levels ◽

Scientific Substantiation

The aim: Scientific substantiation necessary of PMWW application for the ecologically safe formation of the secondary ecosystems in the mining and iron ore processing areas. Materials and methods: Sanitary-chemical investigation of water samples (n=132); biological objects – plants and aquatic biota was conducted on the content of Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Fe (n=112); wild plants samples (n=135); sanitary-microbiological and parasitological indicators 1 – 3 years old waste water sludge (WWS) (n = 68). Results: Overnormal concentrations of salt had been found in water samples, taken from the river Inhulets (2.1 MPL), sulfates and carbonates (2.7 MPL), iron (2.1 MPL), chloride (1.7 MPL), magnesium (3.1 MPL). In wells from nearest villages water is not suitable for drinking purposes and contains total sum of salts – 4.97 MPL, sulfates and carbonates – 5.16 MPL, cadmium – 3.7 MPL, lead – 1.53 MPL. Thus, the toxic heavy metals concentrations (Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Fe) in the fish and amphibians did not exceed the permissible levels. Conclusions: Total pollution of the soil within six months after application of sludge correspond to the “permissible” level (Zc=1.61). Use of clearing facilities sludge aged from 1.5 years old and of longer in the amount 15 kg/m2 did not lead to increased concentration of heavy metals in the top layer of dumps.

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