Effect of ore dressing on flotation of copper and arsenic minerals in sulphide ore processing

Monomineral flotation results showed that the use of a new reagent S-cyanoethyl N, N-diethyldithiocarbamate enhances the flotation activity of chalcopyrite, in contrast to flotation with butyl xanthate, and reduced the flotation ability of arsenopyrite, which makes this reagent promising for its use in the selective flotation of complex sulfide ores.

Recovery of Catapleiite and Eudialyte from Non-Magnetic Fraction of Eudialyte ore Processing of Norra Kärr Deposit

Eudialyte ores from Norra Kärr (Sweden) and Kringlerne (Greenland) are considered a potential source of rare-earth elements (REE) for the development of a sustainable REE industry outside China. Magnetic separation is successfully applicated to recover eudialyte as a magnetic fraction. In the case of the Norra Kärr deposit, up to 20% of the REE and up to 40% of the Zr are lost during mineral processing in the non-magnetic fraction. Zr and REE are associated with non-magnetic minerals such as catapleiite, low- or non-magnetic eudialyte species, and both their intergrowths. Besides zirconosilicates such as catapleiite and eudialyte, the non-magnetic fraction has valuable and already-liberated minerals such as alkali feldspars and nepheline, which should not be considered as tailings. In this investigation, a possible way to recover REE bearing zirconosilicates from the non-magnetic fraction using flotation is presented. First, a low-grade eudialyte concentrate (1.8% Zr, 0.94% REE) from ground ore was obtained using magnetic separation. The non-magnetic fraction was then treated using froth flotation, and a Zr-REE bearing product (9% Zr, 1.5% REE) was obtained as froth product. For this purpose, phosphoric acid esters were used as selective collectors for zirconosilicates at a pH between 3.5 and 4.5. The reagent regime could be proposed not only to recover Zr- and REE-bearing minerals, but also simultaneously to remove Fe, Ti, and other colored impurities from the nepheline-feldspar product and to minimize the tailings volume.

Utilization of Iron Ore Slag in The Manufacture of Calcium Silicate Boards

This study aims to determine the iron ore slag effect as an additive in particleboard based on the SNI 7705:2011 standard. Iron ore slag comes from the waste processing of iron ore into sponge iron. The iron ore slag is reduced to a size of 200 mesh. Particleboard made with the composition of slag and silica is 0:40, 8:32, 16:24, 20:20, 24:16, 32:8, and 40:0 wt%. Meanwhile, other materials were made permanent, namely PCC cement and lime 16 wt%, coconut fiber 3wt%, and water 3 wt%. They are pressed with 3 tons of pressure for 1 hour using a hydraulic press. Drying at room temperature for one day, under the hot sun for two days, then in an oven at 110 oC for 8 hrs. Analysis of the chemical composition of X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction crystalline phase, SEM-EDS micro-photographs, physical tests including density and porosity, and mechanical compressive strength tests. The dominant composition of SiO2 and CaO affects the formation of silicon dioxide (SiO2), calcium silicate (CaSiO3), and dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) phases. Silica has a positive effect on the compressive strength of particleboard but is different from Ca, which has an impact on reducing the compressive strength. The sem morphology shows that coconut fiber cannot withstand heating at 190 oC and results in agglomeration. The addition of 20% ore slag and silica has met the calcium silicate board SNI 7705-2011. These results can be used to develop slag waste from iron ore processing into much more useful objects.

Indirect estimate of in loco moisture via normative mineralogy calculation with correction of seasonal effect on itabirite (banded iron formation) of the Pico complex, Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Moisture is a critical variable in iron-ore processing, handling and transportation. During beneficiation, excessive moisture may lead to screen and chute clogging. In transportation, moisture values above transportable moisture limit may cause cargo instabilities, especially in regard to vessels. Moisture is a non-stationary variable that depends on spatial and time distributions. Therefore, classical estimate methods such as ordinary kriging are not appropriate to calculate moisture values. Here, we present an extension of the Normative Mineralogy Calculation to indirectly estimate moisture, considering seasonal influence. This study in based on three iron-ore mines, Galinheiro, Pico and Sapecado. They are located in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero of Minas Gerais, Brazil, a world-class iron-ore district. The method proposed herein provides useful information that can be applied elsewhere. Our results indicate that compact ores show low moisture values with little seasonal influence, while soft ores and canga (iron-rich duricrust) are strongly influenced seasonally due to higher porosity and greater capacity of retaining water in the crystal structure of minerals, such as goethite. Moisture variations may exceed 2% along the year. Such variations are enough to preclude the beneficiation of certain iron ores during the rainy season. For this reason, moisture has been regarded as an essential variable in short-term mining. Article Highlights Moisture is a critical variable in iron-ore processing, handling and transportation. Moisture depends on spatial and time distributions; hence classical methods are not appropriate to quantitatively estimate it. This study proposes an indirectly estimate of moisture considering seasonal influence. Compact iron ores are little influenced seasonally, while soft iron ores and canga (duricrust) are strongly affected by the rainy season due to their higher porosity and greater capacity of retaining water. The seasonal effect on moisture is an essential variable that must be consider to better effectiveness of iron-ore mining sequencing and beneficiation.

Combined activation technologies mineral raw materials

Relevance. The efficiency of using the products of subsoil exploitation is a factor in strengthening the mineral resource base of the mining industry. The success of improving ore preparation technologies is associated with the activation of mineral raw materials in mills, including impact mills – disintegrators. A fundamentally new approach to ore processing technology includes a combination of grinding methods in mills and other activators. The issues of increasing the activity of substances on the basis of combination form an urgent scientific and industrial problem. The aim of the study of the phenomenon of combined activation is to search for the possibility of increasing the level of activation, to ensure the stability of the acquired activity and to establish patterns of relationships between the activation processes and the technological processes of using mineral raw materials. Objects: products of the development of deposits of solid mineral raw materials in various mining sectors of the national economy. Methods: Laboratory, semi-industrial and industrial experiment using improved equipment for the activation of mineral raw materials. Results. The concepts of “mechanical activation” in mills and “activation with large mechanical energy” in a disintegrator are detailed. An assessment is given to the directions of improving the mills. The results of mechanochemical activation of powders oxides in a planetary centrifugal mill “Aktivator-2s” are given. The practice of activating mineral raw materials with a combination of activators of various types is described. It has been established that the efficiency of combining mills depends on the initial size of the crushed material and equipment options are recommended depending on this. It is shown that the combination of drum and vibration mills reduced the energy consumption of the product. The results of the combination and the vibrating mill in the technological chain of the concrete complex are presented. The algorithm for the combined activation of mineral raw materials is illustrated by the example of the technology applied at the mine, which includes grinding, mixing binders, inert aggregates and grout, as well as transporting the concrete mixture to the place of use. As a quantitative indicator of activation, an equivalent of activity or a proportional ratio of the combined components is proposed. The efficiency of using solid mineral raw materials increases when it is prepared in activators.