scholarly journals Concentration profiles of Personal Care Products in swimming pools

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00095
Author(s):  
Anna Lempart ◽  
Edyta Kudlek ◽  
Mariusz Dudziak
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
The Difference

Concentration profiles of Personal Care Products (PCPs) in outdoor and indoor swimming pools are compared. The difference in the obtained chromatographs were observed. The quantitative analysis show that the frequency of occurrence and concentrations of two selected compounds (BZ-3 and BZ-8) from PCPs are higher in indoor swimming pools than in outdoor swimming pools. The obtained in this work results for swimming pools located in Poland differ from those received in Spain in previous work.

Occurrence, distribution, and health risk assessment of 20 personal care products in indoor and outdoor swimming pools

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 126872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Leilei Chen ◽  
Haipu Li ◽  
Fangyuan Peng ◽  
Xinyi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

scholarly journals Sources of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in swimming pools

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 829-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Suppes ◽  
Ching-Hua Huang ◽  
Wan-Ning Lee ◽  
Kyle J. Brockman
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Contamination Source ◽  
Pool Water ◽  
Swimming Pool Water

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in swimming pool water are hypothesized to originate from fill water and anthropogenic sources like urine, sweat, swimwear and body surfaces. However, research exploring PPCP origins in pools is lacking. This research investigates PPCP sources at 31 swimming pools. Pool water was analyzed for 24 representative PPCPs using advanced liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques. Fill water was analyzed as a contamination source and to determine if swimmers introduce PPCPs to pools. Results show every PPCP in fill water was present in pools except one, suggesting fill water is a PPCP source at pools. The presence of the antidepressant fluoxetine in 26% of pools and 0% of fill water indicates swimmers introduce pharmaceuticals. The flame retardant (tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP)) was present 48% more frequently in pool than fill water, suggesting TCEP is introduced by body surfaces or swimwear. Enforcing showering and bathroom breaks is recommended to reduce PPCP contamination from swimmers.

scholarly journals Polarity Dependence of Transport of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products Through Birnessite-Coated Porous Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Li ◽  
Jie Zhuang ◽  
Michael E. Essington ◽  
Xijuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Column Experiments ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Oxidative Reaction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Coated Sand

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have drawn increasing concern of environmental health as they are continuously released into the environment. This study examined the effects of birnessite (δ-MnO2) on the transport and retention of five PPCPs in porous media under steady saturated flow conditions. Considering that natural birnessite occurs as discrete particles and small nodules, birnessite-coated sand was used to mimic the natural regime of birnessite in the environment. Batch isotherm experiments were conducted using uncoated and birnessite-coated sand; results showed that the difference in the affinity of the five PPCPs was correlated to their polarity characteristics. Column experiments were conducted by mixing 0, 10, and 20% birnessite-coated sands with the uncoated sands. These three percentages are equivalent to three contents of manganese (Mn) in the experimental columns (0, 55, and 109 μg Mn g−1 sand). Results suggested that polar compounds (such as bisphenol-A, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin) had a higher affinity to birnessite-coated sands than the weak polar compounds (such as ibuprofen and carbamazepine) because the polarity was favorable to electrostatic attraction and oxidative reaction. Overall, birnessite decreased the mobility of polar PPCPs but exerted no significant effect on the mobility of weak polar PPCPs under continuous flow conditions. The polarity-based correlation extended traditional electrostatic theory while well interpreting the complicated effects of birnessite on the adsorption and transport of PPCPs, especially neutral or non-dissociated compounds like carbamazepine.

scholarly journals The Presence of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Swimming Pools

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
ShihChi Weng ◽  
Peizhe Sun ◽  
Weiwei Ben ◽  
Ching-Hua Huang ◽  
Lester T. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Personal Care

Effect of Sales Promotions on Consumer Purchase Behavior with Reference to Personal Care Products

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
D. Muthukrishnaveni D. Muthukrishnaveni ◽  
◽  
Dr. D. Muruganandam Dr. D. Muruganandam
Keyword(s):  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Sales Promotions
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