scholarly journals Silicon in ultrafresh groundwater: a case study of the Imandra Lake catchment, The Kola Peninsula

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Guseva ◽  
Yuliya G. Kopylova ◽  
Daria A Vorobeva ◽  
Albina A. Khvashchevskaya ◽  
Zinaida A. Evtyugina
Keyword(s):  
Kola Peninsula ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Silicon Oxides ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Lake Catchment ◽  
Imandra Lake ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

The ultrafresh groundwater (with TDS values less than 200 mg/L) of the Imandra Lake catchment, Kola Peninsula, is from an intensive water exchange zone, where the water has a short period of contact with the rock. Therefore, the considered water is at the initial stages of the water–rock interaction. The water is saturated with respect to oxides and hydroxides of aluminium and iron. In the groundwater of the Imandra Lake catchment area, the silicon concentrations significantly exceed the concentrations of magnesium and especially potassium. Nevertheless, water is undersaturated with respect to with respect to silicon oxides. The shown enrichment of water with cations is explained by time of water-rock interaction.

scholarly journals On the use of Li isotopes as a proxy for water–rock interaction in fractured crystalline rocks: A case study from the Gotthard rail base tunnel

2017 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 396-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Wanner ◽  
Kurt Bucher ◽  
Philip A.E. Pogge von Strandmann ◽  
H. Niklaus Waber ◽  
Thomas Pettke
Keyword(s):  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Fractured Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Stream modifications to enhance system connectivity for fish habitat compensation: a case study in the Barrenlands region of Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 650-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Courtice ◽  
Abul Basar M. Baki ◽  
David Z. Zhu ◽  
Christopher Cahill ◽  
William M. Tonn
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
First Year ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Flow Depth ◽  
Lake Catchment ◽  
Habitat Compensation

This study examines stream modification efforts to increase the productive capacity of an isolated system of three small lakes in the Barrenlands region of Arctic Canada by enhancing system connectivity. The lakes’ outlet streams were modified to create conditions favourable for fish passage and thereby promote migration among the lakes and the large lake into which they drain. Gabion step pools (in two streams) and a nature-like choke-and-pool structure (in one stream) were installed. Two years of post-construction hydraulics data were compared to data collected for two years prior to construction to determine the efficacy of the various stream modifications. Initial evaluations indicated unsuccessful performance of gabion step pools, so after the first year, they were retrofitted with boulders to increase flow depth, restrict discharge, improve flow duration, and create unimpeded connections rather than sudden drops. Variation of lake levels and duration, variability, and depth of stream flow indicated that outlet geometry and lake catchment area should be important considerations when enhancing connectivity for fish migration in ephemeral systems. A narrow, rectangular cross-section was deemed effective for increasing flow depth while decreasing discharge, resulting in increased duration of flows. Catchment area was an effective indicator of a headwater lake’s potential response to connectivity enhancements. Smaller catchments may provide inadequate runoff to sustain minimum storage requirements for enhanced connectivity. Our findings should advance the knowledge of headwater system hydraulics in the Barrenlands and assist in designing future fish habitat compensation projects on similar systems.

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