Study on design of Linxia brick carving products based on shape grammar

In view of the problems such as the single type of cultural derivative products of Linxia brick carving and the weak cultural attraction, we carried out the application research of Linxia brick carving culture by using shape grammar. Firstly, we collected and combed the materials of brick carving culture in Linxia by means of literature research and field investigation. Then, we determined the target product, analyzed the product form and emotional demand, construct the reference product form database, screen the brick carving pattern through the matching of the product emotional demand, obtained the characteristic lines of the brick carving pattern by the way of the type spectrum analysis, and established the typical form factor database of brick carving; Finally, taking some lines in the typical form factor database as the initial shape, we combined them with the lines in the reference product form database. According to the shape grammar deduction rules, the scheme was generated, the best scheme was selected and further refined. Studies have shown that the use of shape grammar for product design can enhance the cultural connotation of products, promote cultural heritage, and effectively guide the design of Linxia brick carving products.

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Multiagent Shape Grammar Implementation: Automatically Generating Form Concepts According to a Preference Function

Journal of Mechanical Design ◽

10.1115/1.4000449 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 131 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Seth Orsborn ◽

Jonathan Cagan

Keyword(s):

New Product Development ◽

Parametric Design ◽

New Product ◽

Preference Function ◽

Product Form ◽

Shape Grammar ◽

Potential Consumer ◽

Grammar Rules ◽

Form Design ◽

Design Preference

In new product development, quickly generating many product form concepts that a potential consumer prefers is a challenge. This paper presents the inaugural multiagent shape grammar implementation (MASGI) to automatically generate product form designs according to a preference function that can represent designer or consumer design preference. Additionally, the multiagent system creates a flexible shape grammar implementation that enables modifications to the shape grammar as the form design space changes. The method is composed of three subprocesses: a shape grammar interpreter that implements the shape grammar, an agent system that chooses which shape grammar rules to implement and the parametric design choices according to a preference function, and a preference investigator that determines the preference function, which constraints the automated form design process.

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Hope, exploration, and equilibrated action schemes

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x18001863 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Davood G. Gozli ◽

Ci Jun Gao

Keyword(s):

Single Type ◽

Reward Seeking ◽

Stable Scheme

AbstractThe concepts want, hope, and exploration cannot be organized in relation to a single type of motive (e.g., motive for food). They require, in addition, the motive for acquiring and maintaining a stable scheme that enables reward-directed activity. Facing unpredictability, the animal has to seek not only reward, but also a new equilibrated state within which reward seeking is possible.

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Tensile Failure of 55-Nitinol Wire

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100113858 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 46-47

Author(s):

F. I. Grace

Keyword(s):

Shape Memory ◽

Shape Memory Effect ◽

Memory Effect ◽

Stoichiometric Composition ◽

Tensile Failure ◽

Initial State ◽

Initial Shape ◽

Nitinol Wire ◽

Cscl Type ◽

Shear Transformation

An interest in NiTi alloys with near stoichiometric composition (55 NiTi) has intensified since they were found to exhibit a unique mechanical shape memory effect at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory some twelve years ago (thus refered to as NITINOL alloys). Since then, the microstructural mechanisms associated with the shape memory effect have been investigated and several interesting engineering applications have appeared.The shape memory effect implies that the alloy deformed from an initial shape will spontaneously return to that initial state upon heating. This behavior is reported to be related to a diffusionless shear transformation which takes place between similar but slightly different CsCl type structures.

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The effect of temperature on high-resolution TEM image contrast

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100139573 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 640-641

Author(s):

T. Geipel ◽

W. Mader ◽

P. Pirouz

Keyword(s):

Form Factor ◽

Inelastic Scattering ◽

Accurate Method ◽

Waller Factor ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Specimen Thickness ◽

Influence Of Temperature ◽

Debye Waller Factor ◽

Influence Of Temperature On ◽

Atomic Form Factor

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).

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Weekly Exercise Consistently Reinstates Positive Mood

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040.3.4.271 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 271-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Hannah Steinberg ◽

Briony R. Nicholls ◽

Elizabeth A. Sykes ◽

N. LeBoutillier ◽

Nerina Ramlakhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Negative Mood ◽

Real Life ◽

Positive Mood ◽

Field Investigation ◽

Single Bout ◽

Before And After ◽

Exercise Class ◽

Negative Feelings ◽

Over Time

Mood improvement immediately after a single bout of exercise is well documented, but less is known about successive and longer term effects. In a “real-life” field investigation, four kinds of exercise class (Beginners, Advanced, Body Funk and Callanetics) met once a week for up to 7 weeks. Before and after each class the members assessed how they felt by completing a questionnaire listing equal numbers of “positive” and “negative” mood words. Subjects who had attended at least five times were included in the analysis, which led to groups consisting of 18, 20, 16, and 16 subjects, respectively. All four kinds of exercise significantly increased positive and decreased negative feelings, and this result was surprisingly consistent in successive weeks. However, exercise seemed to have a much greater effect on positive than on negative moods. The favorable moods induced by each class seemed to have worn off by the following week, to be reinstated by the class itself. In the Callanetics class, positive mood also improved significantly over time. The Callanetics class involved “slower,” more demanding exercises, not always done to music. The Callanetics and Advanced classes also showed significantly greater preexercise negative moods in the first three sessions. However, these differences disappeared following exercise. Possibly, these two groups had become more “tolerant” to the mood-enhancing effects of physical exercise; this may be in part have been due to “exercise addiction.”

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A preliminary semantic differential study on users' product form perception

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e577002012-004 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Shi-Jian Luo ◽

Ming-Xi Tang ◽

Shang-Shang Zhu ◽

John Hamilton Frazer ◽

Shou-Qian Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Semantic Differential ◽

Product Form ◽

Form Perception

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Production of asari (Manila) clams, Ruditapes philippinarum, during the period of harvest decrease in the 2000s in the Banzu tidal area, Tokyo Bay

Aquatic Living Resources ◽

10.1051/alr/2020016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Mitsuharu Toba ◽

Jun Kakino ◽

Kazuo Tada ◽

Yutaka Kobayashi ◽

Hideharu Tsuchie

Keyword(s):

Field Investigation ◽

Ruditapes Philippinarum ◽

Management Style ◽

Seed Stock ◽

Tokyo Bay ◽

Yearly Variation ◽

Culture Area ◽

Stock Biomass ◽

Tidal Area ◽

High Level

In Tokyo Bay, the harvestable quantity of asari (Manila) clams Ruditapes philippinarum has been decreasing since the late 1990s. We conducted a field investigation on clam density in the Banzu culture area from April 1988 to December 2014 and collected records spanning January 1986 to September 2017 from relevant fisheries cooperative associations to clarify the relationship between the temporal variation in stock abundance and the production activities of fishermen. The yearly variation in clam abundance over the study period was marked by larger decreases in the numbers of larger clams. A large quantity of juvenile clams, beyond the biological productivity of the culture area, may have been introduced as seed stock in the late 1980s despite the high level of harvestable stock. The declines in harvested quantity began in the late 1990s and may have been caused by decreases in harvestable stock despite the continuous addition of seed stock clams. The harvested quantity is likely to be significantly dependent upon the wild clam population, even within the culture area, as the harvestable quantity was not correlated with the quantity of seed stock introduced during the study period. These declines in harvested quantity may have resulted from a decreasing number of operating harvesters due to the low level of harvestable stock and consequently reduced profitability. Two findings were emphasized. A certain management style, based on predictions of the contributions of wild and introduced clams to future stock biomass, is essential for economically-feasible culturing. In areas with less harvestable stock, actions should be taken to maintain the incomes of harvesters while avoiding overexploitation, even if the total harvest quantity decreases.

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