Subjecting Sentences: Syntax and Power in Ocean Vuong’s On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous

Ocean Vuong’s semi-autobiographical novel On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous opens as a letter to the narrator, Little Dog’s, mother—it is a letter she’ll never be able to read, as she is illiterate in both her Vietnamese mother tongue and the limited English she has learned following her immigration to America. Little Dog, having learned both languages, resists the rigidity of their respective, repressive syntaxes; if syntax functions as ideology—as an imagined set of rules and processes which govern a structure of sentences within a language and, in turn, the subjected bodies which are interpellated by the literal and subsequently constructed Subject of such sentences—then Little Dog opposes such ideology by subverting the hierarchical Subject/subject relationships created within the subject/object sentence structure. Rather than align with Ferdinand de Saussure’s structuralist argument towards language as based in such hierarchical binary oppositions, Little Dog searches for a new language—one that can truly act as a bridge, rather than a border—often intentionally breaking prosaic form and grammar rules in an effort to unearth it.

Inducing Vascular Grammars for Anomaly Classification in Brain Angiograms

As machine learning is used to make strides in med- ical diagnostics, few methods provide heuristics from which human doctors can learn directly. This work introduces a method for leveraging human observable structures, such as macro scale vascular formations, for producing assessments of medical conditions with rela- tively few training cases, and uncovering patterns that are potential diagnostic aids. The approach draws on shape grammars, a rule-based technique, pioneered in design and architecture, and accelerated through a re- cursive sub-graph mining algorithm. The distribution of rule instances in the data from which they are in- duced is then used as an intermediary representation en- abling common classification and anomaly detection ap- proaches to identify indicative rules with relatively small data sets. The method is applied to 7 Tesla time-of- flight (TOF) angiography MRI (n = 54) of human brain vasculature. The data were segmented and induced to generate representative grammar rules. Ensembles of rules were isolated to implicate vascular conditions reli- ably. This application demonstrates the power of auto- mated structured intermediary representations for as- sessing nuanced biological form relationships, and the strength of shape grammars, in particular for identify- ing indicative patterns in complex vascular networks.

The Importance of Getting Automated Grammar Feedback via Grammarly, for Increasing Students' English Language Proficiency

In the last decade, technology has played a significant part in human civilization. One example of technological advancement is the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a tool for learning. One digital application, namely Grammarly, is an AI tool used to edit sentences to eliminate grammar errors and deliver conciseness and engagement for the readers. We conducted research involving Indonesian university students, in which they do not possess English as a native language. Using this application to receive feedback and help with learning writing in English, we hope to find out how Grammarly as an AI tool for learning has a significant effect on English proficiency. The results showed that Grammarly had helped them form English sentences, learn grammar rules, and improve their writing performance overall.

علامة نائب الفاعل في القرآن الكريم في جزء 30 و تحليلها

This thesis is a literature study, and the objectives of this study are: to find out the types of subject replacement in chapter 30, and to find out the cause of the deletion of the subject. The method used in this scientific research is desk research. The method of data collection in this research is the method of identifying the verses of the Qur'an that have a substitute subject in it, which is contained in chapter 30, and then analyzing the substitute for the subject in the participle. using grammar rules related to subject substitution, commentaries and books related to subject participles. The results of the analysis show that there are 63 substitute subjects in chapter 30. It is divided into 4 parts. First substitute the obvious subject; second, substitute subject in the form of isim dhamir; third, substitute for the subject in the form of number;, fourth, substitute for the subject in the form of isim maushul. And also found the cause of the aborted subject, namely because it is common place; and ignorance of the subject.

Anuvaad - A Hindi-Sanskrit-Hindi Bilingual Machine Translation System using Rule-based Approach

Machine Translation is best alternative to traditional manual translation. The corpus of Sanskrit literature includes a rich tradition of philosophical and religious texts as well as poetry, music, drama, scientific, technical and other texts. Due to the modernization of tradition and languages, Sanskrit is not on everyone's lips. Translation makes it convenient for users to understand the unknown text. This paper presents a language Machine Translation System from Hindi to Sanskrit and Sanskrit to Hindi using a rule-based technique. We developed a machine translation tool 'anuvaad' which translates Sanskrit prose text into Hindi & vice versa. We also developed bi-lingual corpora to deal with Sanskrit and Hindi grammar rules and text applied rule based method to perform the translation. The experimental results on different 110 examples show that the proposed anuvaad tool achieves overall 93% accuracy for both types of translations. The objective of our work is to ensure confidentiality and multilingual support, which can be tedious and time consuming in case of manual translation.

Silapathikaram quotes in grammatical text

Epics has been created in various languages such as Greek, Latin, Persian and Tamil in the world. Even in Tolkappiyam, there is no reference the existence of epics in Tamil. Dandiyalankara is the first script recorded about epics in Tamil. Silappathikaram is the first epic to appear in Tamil literature. This epic and Tolkappiyam were appeared during Sangam literature followed by AD Appeared in the second century. The author of this epic is Ilangovadi. He is the son of Cheramannan Neduncheralathan and the brother of Cheran Senkuttuvan. Silappathikaram is one of the greatest epics that appeared in the Tamil language. It is no exaggeration to say that as the epics were developed next to vintage literature appeared. Grammar rules are composed and written by Vaithiyanatha Desikar in the AD seventeenth century. He has used quotations from various grammatical texts in the context of the text with rich evidence for the text. He has used these quotations to clarify grammatical explanatory threads, for further explanation and for textual concentration. The purpose of this article is to illustrate how grammatical lyricism supports grammatical interpretation.

Late generalization of morphological causatives: Evidence from Turkish

Children’s spontaneous speech may not reflect true productivity with grammar rules. We investigated Turkish-learning children’s rule-based understanding of causative morphology by combining experimental and corpus work. We asked (1) when the generalization of causative morphology emerges and (2) what role input plays in this development. To answer the first question, Study 1 experimentally tested 106 children aged 2;6–6;1 on a language judgment task using pseudo-verbs. Children preferred the causative marker -DIr over an incongruent suffix for causativized events earliest at age 4;10. Further, Study 2 tested 38 children aged 3;6–4;6 and revealed no preference of -DIr over no suffix. Study 3 examined a corpus for child-directed input and showed that the variation of verb stems to which -DIr was attached remained lower than variation of verbs eligible to take -DIr, up to age 3. The findings suggest that rule-based understanding of morphological causatives emerges much later than previously proposed productivity at age 2, which might be accounted for by the insufficient variation of morphological causatives in the early input.

Speech to Indian Sign Language Translator

Indian Sign Language is one of the most important and widely used forms of communication for people with speaking and hearing impairments. Many people or communities have attempted to create systems that read the sign language symbols and convert the same to text, but text or audio to sign language is still infrequent. This project mainly focuses on developing a translating system consisting of many modules that take English audio and convert the input to English text, which is further parsed to structure grammar representation on which grammar rules of Indian Sign Language are applied. Stop words are removed from the reordered sentence. Since the Indian Sign Language does not support conjugation in words, stemming and lemmatization will transform the provided word into its root or original word. Then all the individual words are checked in a dictionary holding videos of each word. If the system does not find words in the dictionary, then the most suitable synonym replaces them. The system proposed by us is inventive as the current systems are bound to direct conversion of words into Indian Sign Language on-the-other-hand our system aims to convert the sentences in Indian Sign Language grammar and effectively display it to the user.

Writing strategies while teaching a foreign language

Modern teaching methodology believes that the purpose of teaching writing in a foreign language is to develop the skills needed for learners to be able to complete written texts at the level that he (the student) would perform in his native language.The paper discusses writing as a means, writing as a result, and as a combination of both forms.Writing as a means. Writing is the best way to master almost every aspect of a foreign language (English at this point). For example, the student writes a new lexical item, grammar rules, answers written questions in writing, conveys individual thoughts in the form os essays. Writing as a key part of learning English, which is equally necessary for both knowledge acwuisition and testing.Writing as a result. The goal of all activities in English is to teach writing. Working on students’ spercific written forms at the “micro” level results in the student composing words or sentences.Writing as a means and an outcome. The third type of activity combines purposeful and original writing with the practice of establishing some skills and conveying content.