Heavy metal determinations in algae, mussels and clams. Their possible employment for assessing the sea water quality criteria

Acute toxicity tests were carried out on the larvae of P. quadridentatus and 96-h LC50 values of 0.17, 0.49, and 1.23 mg/l were determined for copper, cadmium, and zinc respectively. Potency ratios of the three metals were as follows: Cu/Cd 3.1, Cu/Zn 7.2, and Cd/Zn 2.4. Larvae were found to be nine times more sensitive to zinc and at least 29 times more sensitive to cadmium than were adults. The larval 96-h LC50 values multiplied by an application factor of 0.01 (as recommended in Victorian water quality criteria) results in derived 'safe' concentrations, which in the case of copper and zinc are below the stated 'minimal risk concentrations' of 10 and 20 �g/I respectively. In view of the known greater sensitivity of larvae of many taxa to heavy metal toxicity, the validity of using the same application factor for both adult and larval stages is questioned.

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Prescribing sea water quality criteria for arsenic, cadmium and lead through species sensitivity distribution

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111612 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 208 ◽

pp. 111612

Author(s):

Panneerselvam Karthikeyan ◽

Shambanagouda. R. Marigoudar ◽

Dhandapani Mohan ◽

Krishna Venkatarama Sharma ◽

M.V. Ramana Murthy

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Sea Water ◽

Quality Criteria ◽

Species Sensitivity Distribution ◽

Water Quality Criteria ◽

Species Sensitivity ◽

Sensitivity Distribution ◽

Cadmium And Lead

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Bather Morbidity from Recreational Exposure to Sea Water

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1993.0343 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 27 (3-4) ◽

pp. 183-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Y. E R. Von Schirnding ◽

N. Strauss ◽

P. Robertson ◽

R. Kfir ◽

B. Fattal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Water Quality ◽

Sea Water ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Quality Criteria ◽

Coastal Areas ◽

Water Quality Criteria ◽

Western Cape ◽

Potential Health ◽

Health Related

Rapid urbanisation in the coastal areas of South Africa has led to increasing concern about the potential health effects on bathers resulting from exposure to contaminated seawater. Water quality criteria in South Africa are not epidemiologically derived; consequently a major programme has been launched to develop health-related criteria and policies pertaining to wastewater and stormwater management in the coastal areas of South Africa. In the first phase of the project, an epidemiological-microbiological study was carried out at a moderately polluted beach and a relatively clean beach, in the Western Cape. Individuals present at the beach in family groups were interviewed and follow-up telephone interviews were conducted 3-4 days after the beach outing. Water quality indicators measured on the same day as the beach interviews revealed significantly higher levels of enterococci and faecal coliforms at the moderately polluted beach. Symptom rates for gastrointestinal, respiratory and skin effects were substantially higher among swimmers relative to non-swimmers at the polluted beach, although they did not reach statistical significance.

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Sea water quality criteria by Bioindicators. Possible classification based on metal contents inUlva rigid aandtapes philippinarum

Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry ◽

10.1080/02772249909358813 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 71 (3-4) ◽

pp. 435-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Clinio Locatelli

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Sea Water ◽

Quality Criteria ◽

Water Quality Criteria ◽

Metal Contents

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Progress in the Research of the Toxicity Effect Mechanisms of Heavy Metals on Freshwater Organisms and Their Water Quality Criteria in China

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2020/9010348 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ya-jun Hong ◽

Wei Liao ◽

Zhen-fei Yan ◽

Ying-chen Bai ◽

Cheng-lian Feng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Water Quality ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Management Practices ◽

Quality Criteria ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Future Research ◽

Water Quality Criteria ◽

Metal Pollutants ◽

Heavy Metal Pollutants

Water quality criteria are the scientific basis for formulating water quality standards and environmental management practices. Due to the development of urbanization and industrialization, the problem of heavy metal pollution has become a serious environmental problem. Heavy metals not only have major impacts on aquatic organisms, but also seriously threaten human health. However, the current environmental criteria refer to the maximum value limitations of environmental factors in environmental media where harmful or detrimental effects are not produced on specific protected objects. This study reviewed the sources, hazard levels, toxic effect mechanisms, and the current research status of China’s water quality criteria for heavy metal pollutants. In addition, the focus and direction of future research on the toxic effects of heavy metal on aquatic organisms and the necessary criteria changes were discussed. The present study would provide an important theoretical basis for the future research of water quality criteria and risk assessment of heavy metal pollutants.

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