scholarly journals The Electric Vehicle Time-of-Use Price Optimization Model Considering the Demand Response

2018 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 02009
Author(s):  
Zejing Shi ◽  
Ninghui Zhu ◽  
Jinsong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Power Prediction ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Satisfaction Index ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Load Peak ◽  
Coordinated Charging

A large number of electric vehicles connecting to the distribution grids usually introduce significant fluctuations to the grid and the loads. To solve the problem, guiding the users coordinated charging is proposed. Firstly, the uncontrolled charging power prediction models of electric vehicles are established, and the Monte Carlo method is adopted to simulate the power demands of different electric vehicles, and the influences on the load peak-valley ratios and the voltages and losses of the grid are all analyzed. Then the vehicle responses model considering the time-of-use price is analyzed, and the vehicle response ratios are obtained under different time-of-use prices. Finally the multi-objective optimization model is constructed including the minimum peak-valley ratio, maximum consumption satisfaction index and cost satisfaction index. In the procedure, vehicles and the grid are both taken into account. The results indicate the proposed method could guide the users coordinated charging, and the peak shaving and valley filling is also achieved, and the operation of the distribution grid is improved.

scholarly journals An Optimization Model for Energy Community Costs Minimization Considering a Local Electricity Market between Prosumers and Electric Vehicles

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Ricardo Faia ◽  
João Soares ◽  
Zita Vale ◽  
Juan Manuel Corchado
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Energy Community

Electric vehicles have emerged as one of the most promising technologies, and their mass introduction may pose threats to the electricity grid. Several solutions have been proposed in an attempt to overcome this challenge in order to ease the integration of electric vehicles. A promising concept that can contribute to the proliferation of electric vehicles is the local electricity market. In this way, consumers and prosumers may transact electricity between peers at the local community level, reducing congestion, energy costs and the necessity of intermediary players such as retailers. Thus, this paper proposes an optimization model that simulates an electric energy market between prosumers and electric vehicles. An energy community with different types of prosumers is considered (household, commercial and industrial), and each of them is equipped with a photovoltaic panel and a battery system. This market is considered local because it takes place within a distribution grid and a local energy community. A mixed-integer linear programming model is proposed to solve the local energy transaction problem. The results suggest that our approach can provide a reduction between 1.6% to 3.5% in community energy costs.

scholarly journals Coordinated Charging of Electric Vehicles for Congestion Prevention in the Distribution Grid

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 703-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Hu ◽  
Shi You ◽  
Morten Lind ◽  
Jacob Ostergaard
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Coordinated Charging

scholarly journals Load peak shaving and power smoothing of a distribution grid with high renewable energy penetration

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 1372-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Reihani ◽  
Mahdi Motalleb ◽  
Reza Ghorbani ◽  
Lyes Saad Saoud
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Power Smoothing ◽  
Load Peak

scholarly journals Optimal Day-Time Charging Strategies for Electric Vehicles considering Photovoltaic Power System and Distribution Grid Constraints

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weige Zhang ◽  
Wenjie Ge ◽  
Mei Huang ◽  
Jiuchun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Programming Algorithm ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Coordinated Charging ◽  
Charging Stations

Electric vehicles (EVs) charging stations with a photovoltaic (PV) system for day-time charging have been studied. This paper investigates the issues such as how to coordinate the EVs customers for coordinated charging, maximize photovoltaic utilization, and reduce customers cost of EVs charging and operator electricity. Firstly, an ideal charging load curve was built through using the linear programming algorithm. This optimal curve, which realized maximum photovoltaic power and minimum electricity cost, was used as the objective curve. Secondly, a customer response model was utilized, to propose an optimization method and strategy for charging service tariffs. Particle swarm optimization algorithm was used for time-of-use tariffs and peak-flat-valley time division so that the charging load after price regulation was adjusted to best fit the objective curve, and both the EVs customers and the operator benefit from this. Finally, the proposed model and method have been verified by two cases.

scholarly journals Vehicle-To-Grid for Peak Shaving to Unlock the Integration of Distributed Heat Pumps in a Swedish Neighborhood

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1705
Author(s):  
Monica Arnaudo ◽  
Monika Topel ◽  
Björn Laumert
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
New Energy ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The City

The city of Stockholm is close to hitting the capacity limits of its power grid. As an additional challenge, electricity has been identified as a key resource to help the city to meet its environmental targets. This has pushed citizens to prefer power-based technologies, like heat pumps and electric vehicles, thus endangering the stability of the grid. The focus of this paper is on the district of Hammarby Sjöstad. Here, plans are set to switch from district heating to heat pumps. A previous study verified that this choice will cause overloadings on the electricity distribution grid. The present paper tackles this problem by proposing a new energy storage option. By considering the increasing share of electric vehicles, the potential of using the electricity stored in their batteries to support the grid is explored through technical performance simulations. The objective was to enable a bi-directional flow and use the electric vehicles’ (EVs)’ discharging to shave the peak demand caused by the heat pumps. It was found that this solution can eliminate overloadings up to 50%, with a 100% EV penetration. To overcome the mismatch between the availability of EVs and the overloadings’ occurrence, the minimum state of charge for discharging should be lower than 70%.

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