scholarly journals The description and evaluation of technical incident risk on the National Power Grid in the context of power safety growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 12010
Author(s):  
Daniel N. Fîță ◽  
Crina Barb ◽  
Dragoș Păsculescu ◽  
Leon Pană
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
National Security ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
System Operator ◽  
National Power ◽  
Power Safety ◽  
Work Accidents ◽  
Risk Scenario

In the context of increasing the importance of power safety for national security, the security of power systems within the National Power Grid, must be an objective of major and constant interest for the national transmission and system operator. Evolutions in recent decades have shown the increase in vulnerabilities caused by: failure, destruction and/or disruption of technological infrastructures caused by acts of terrorism, natural disaster, negligence in service, work accidents of technical nature, technical incidents, criminal activities and lack of investment. For the critical analysis of the National Power Grid, 4 (four) possible risk scenarios with effects of instability of the power safety and with major effects on the national security were identified, described and evaluated: Risk Scenario 1 - Technical Incident, Risk Scenario 2 - Damage: Technical Incident Sequence, Risk Scenario 3 - Damage: Natural Disaster, Risk Scenario 4 - Damage: Terrorist Attack. The purpose of the paper is to describe and evaluate the Risc Scenario 1- Technical Incident (which is most prevalent) on the power substations and to prevent potential disturbances in the safety of the power supply to consumer.

scholarly journals Vulnerability Assessment of Power Systems to Intentional Attacks using a Specialized Genetic Algorithm

DYNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (192) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Agudelo ◽  
Jesús María López-Lezama ◽  
Nicolás Muñoz Galeano
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Test System ◽  
Reliability Test ◽  
Terrorist Threat ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
System A ◽  
System Operator

<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">A specialized genetic algorithm applied to the solution of the electric grid interdiction problem is presented in this paper. This problem consists in the interaction of a disruptive agent who aims at maximizing damage of the power system (measured as load shed), and the system operator, who implements corrective actions to minimize system load shed. This problem, also known as “the terrorist threat problem”, is formulated in a bilevel programming structure and solved by means of a genetic algorithm. The solution identifies the most vulnerable links of the network in terms of a terrorist attack, providing signals for future reinforcement of the network or more strict surveillance of critical elements. The proposed approach has been tested on three case studies: a didactic five-bus power system, a prototype of the Colombian power system and the IEEE Reliability Test System. Results show the robustness and applicability of the proposed approach.</span></p>

scholarly journals Energy security aspects related to the National Power Grid

2021 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
Nicolae Daniel Fita ◽  
Dragos Pasculescu ◽  
Florin Gabriel Popescu ◽  
Alina Daniela Handra ◽  
Emilia Grigorie
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
National Security ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Energy Strategy ◽  
Overhead Lines ◽  
National Power

National Power Grid is an important element within the National Power System, having in its composition critical infrastructures of national importance without which the national economy could not operate, and its non-operation, totally or partially (black/brown-out), generates energy insecurity, negative factor with devastating and catastrophic effects on industrial, economic and national security. Due to the fact that National Power Grid is of national strategic importance, it has to be assessed and monitored permanently in terms of security risks, in order to identify vulnerabilities, and this need for assessment also comes from the European perspective because Romania is interconnected to ENTSO-E (European Network of Transmission System Operators) which interconnects various power overhead lines from North to South, from West to East, or even with Africa and Asia. In order to secure the National Power Grid, the authors have set out in this paper to identify possible internal or external vulnerabilities and what impact they have on the National Power Grid and National Power System. By knowing the vulnerabilities, one can automatically identify the dangers and threats to which it is subjected and engaged, being able to develop national/European measures or strategies for the protection and security of the critical infrastructures related to. For this reason, it is considered that the identification of vulnerabilities must become a pressing issue of national, and European energy security and be a useful tool for authorities to develop a energy strategy (short – long term) for the proper functioning of the National Power Grid and the national economy, because all sectors of the economy depend on electricity. The identified vulnerabilities are eliminated by National Energy Strategy 2021 – 2036 (short, medium,and long term) proposed by the authors, with the aim of increasing energy and national security.

Congestion Management in Restructured Power Systems with Economic and Technical Considerations

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Manikandan R ◽  
Kavya P ◽  
Shalini R
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Congestion Management ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Independent System ◽  
Deregulated Power System ◽  
Independent System Operator ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Technical Considerations

In this paper, restructuring of monopolistic power systems is inevitable in this day and age to cope up with the radical growth of power demand. In developed countries restructuring is already in place while developing countries are getting accustomed to it. Above and beyond the benefits to customers in terms of economy and quality, there are several challenges prevailing particularly in transmission while exercising deregulation. The foremost challenging task of Independent System Operator (ISO) is managing the transmission line congestion in a deregulated power system. In most of the congestion management techniques, only the economic aspects are considered. The minimum voltage derivation for electronic industries and acceptable voltage derivation for high power applications are considered with suitable weighting factors in the objective function.

scholarly journals Voltage Stability of Power Systems with Renewable-Energy Inverter-Based Generators: A Review

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Nasser Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Asma Aziz ◽  
Apel Mahmud ◽  
Ameen Gargoom ◽  
Mahbub Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Synchronous Generators

The main purpose of developing microgrids (MGs) is to facilitate the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) into the power grid. RESs are normally connected to the grid via power electronic inverters. As various types of RESs are increasingly being connected to the electrical power grid, power systems of the near future will have more inverter-based generators (IBGs) instead of synchronous machines. Since IBGs have significant differences in their characteristics compared to synchronous generators (SGs), particularly concerning their inertia and capability to provide reactive power, their impacts on the system dynamics are different compared to SGs. In particular, system stability analysis will require new approaches. As such, research is currently being conducted on the stability of power systems with the inclusion of IBGs. This review article is intended to be a preface to the Special Issue on Voltage Stability of Microgrids in Power Systems. It presents a comprehensive review of the literature on voltage stability of power systems with a relatively high percentage of IBGs in the generation mix of the system. As the research is developing rapidly in this field, it is understood that by the time that this article is published, and further in the future, there will be many more new developments in this area. Certainly, other articles in this special issue will highlight some other important aspects of the voltage stability of microgrids.

scholarly journals Redefining Doctrine Concepts in Modern Military Actions

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Mihai-Marcel Neag
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
The State ◽  
The Future ◽  
National Power ◽  
Mosaic Approach ◽  
The Way

Abstract The mosaic approach to conflict requires redefinition of some doctrinal concepts that can influence the way in which the response to the risks and threats to the state of security, the future of military actions and the acceptance that the technological development will be a factor for the success of the wars future. The issues addressed could be important elements in the architecture of a possible future strategic concept of integrated use of the basic elements of national power - diplomatic, informational, military and economic. At the same time, the results of this theoretical approach can contribute, as a reference point, to proposing viable and innovative doctrinal and operational solutions to counteract aggressions to national security, regardless of their nature or origin.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous Inertia Estimation for Power Systems with High Penetration of Converter-Interfaced Generation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5047
Author(s):  
Diala Nouti ◽  
Ferdinanda Ponci ◽  
Antonello Monti
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Rotational Inertia ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Proper Actions ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
System Operator ◽  
And Control ◽  
System Inertia

The increasing and fast deployment of distributed generation is posing challenges to the operation and control of power systems due to the resulting reduction in the overall system rotational inertia and damping. Therefore, it becomes quite crucial for the transmission system operator to monitor the varying system inertia and damping in order to take proper actions to maintain the system stability. This paper presents an inertia estimation algorithm for low-inertia systems to estimate the inertia (both mechanical and virtual) and damping of systems with mixed generation resources and/or the resource itself. Moreover, the effect of high penetration of distributed energy resources and the resulting heterogeneous distribution of inertia on the overall system inertia estimation is investigated. A comprehensive set of case studies and scenarios of the IEEE 39-bus system provides results to demonstrate the performance of the proposed estimator.

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