scholarly journals In vitro effect of a fish gonadotropin on aromatase and 17 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in the ovary of the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Rich.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (5A) ◽  
pp. 715-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. SIRE ◽  
J. DÉPÊCHE
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Vitro Effect

The in vitro effect of kynurenic acid on the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) leukocyte and splenocyte activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Małaczewska ◽  
A. K. Siwicki ◽  
R. Wójcik ◽  
W. a. Turski ◽  
E. Kaczorek
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Kynurenic Acid ◽  
Kynurenine Pathway ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Mitogenic Response ◽  
Tryptophan Degradation ◽  
Selective Ligand ◽  
Vitro Effect

Abstract Kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous neuroprotectant formed along the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation, is a selective ligand of the GPR35 receptor, which can be found on the surface of various populations of human immune cells. In infections and inflammations, KYNA produces an anti-inflammatory effect through this receptor, by depressing the synthesis of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, it is still unrecognized whether receptors for kynurenic acid are also localized on immune cells of poikilothermic animals, or whether KYNA is able to affect these cells. The objective of this study has been to determine the effect of different concentrations of kynurenic acid (12.5 μM to 10 mM) on the viability and mitogenic response of lymphocytes and on the activity of phagocytic cells isolated from blood and the spleen of rainbow trout. The results imply low toxicity of kynurenic acid towards fish immune cells, and the proliferative effect observed at the two lowest concentrations of KYNA (12.5 μM and 25 μM) seems indicative of endogenous kynurenic acid being capable of activating fish lymphocytes. Non-toxic, micromole concentrations of KYNA, however, had no influence on the mitogenic response of lymphocytes nor on the activity of phagocytes in rainbow trout under in vitro conditions. There is some likelihood that such an effect could be observed at lower, nanomole concentrations of KYNA.

scholarly journals Some effects of vitamin E and selenium deprivation on tissue enzyme levels and indices of tissue peroxidation in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Bell ◽  
C. B. Cowey ◽  
J. W. Adron ◽  
Aileen M. Shanks
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Cumene Hydroperoxide ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Exudative Diathesis ◽  
Malondialdehyde Formation

1. Duplicate groups of rainbow trout (Salrno gairdnert) (mean weight 11 g) were given for 40 weeks one of four partially purified diets that were either adequate or low in selenium or vitamin E or both.2. Weight gains of trout given the dually deficient diet were significantly lower than those of trout given a complete diet or a diet deficient in Se. No mortalities occurred and the only pathology seen was exudative diathesis in the dually deficient trout.3. There was significant interaction between the two nutrients both with respect to packed cell volume and to malondialdehyde formation in the in vitro NADPH-dependent microsomal lipid peroxidation system.4. Tissue levels of vitamin E and Se decreased to very low levels in trout given diets lacking these nutrients. For plasma there was a significant effect of dietary vitamin E on Se concentration.5. Glutathione (GSH) peroxidase (EC 1. 1 1. 1.9) activity in liver and plasma was significantly lower in trout receiving low dietary Se but was independent of vitamin E intake. The ratios of hepatic GSH peroxidase activity measured with cumene hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide were the same for all treatments. This confirms the absence of a Se-independent GSH peroxidase activity in trout liver.6. Se deficiency did not lead to any compensatory increase in hepatic GSH transferase (EC 2. 5. 1. 18) activity; values were essentially the same in all treatments.7. Plasma pyruvate kinase (EC 2. 7. 1.40) activity increased significantly in the trout deficient in both nutrients. This was thought to be due to leakage of the enzyme from the muscle and may be indicative of incipient (subclinical) muscle damage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document