Referrals and Imaging Strategies: Congenital Aural Atresia, External Auditory Canal Stenosis

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Aural Atresia ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Congenital Aural Atresia

High-resolution computed tomography evaluation of congenital aural atresia – how useful is this?

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (7) ◽  
pp. 610-622
Author(s):  
R Gautam ◽  
J Kumar ◽  
G S Pradhan ◽  
J C Passey ◽  
R Meher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Test Results ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Aural Atresia ◽  
Ear Malformations ◽  
Congenital Aural Atresia ◽  
Bone Abnormalities

AbstractObjectiveTo depict various temporal bone abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography in congenital aural atresia patients, and correlate these findings with auditory function test results and microtia subgroup.MethodsForty patients (56 ears) with congenital malformation of the auricle and/or external auditory canal were evaluated. Auricles were graded according to Marx's classification, divided into subgroups of minor (grades I and II) and major (III and IV) microtia. Other associated anomalies of the external auditory canal, tympanic cavity, ossicular status, oval and round windows, facial nerve, and inner ear were evaluated.ResultsMinor and major microtia were observed in 53.6 and 46.4 per cent of ears respectively. Mean hearing levels were 62.47 and 62.37 dB respectively (p = 0.98). The malleus was the most commonly dysplastic ossicle (73.3 vs 80.8 per cent of ears respectively, p = 0.53). Facial nerve (mastoid segment) abnormalities were associated (p = 0.04) with microtia subgroup (80 vs 100 per cent in minor vs major subgroups).ConclusionMicrotia grade was not significantly associated with mean hearing levels or other ear malformations, except for external auditory canal and facial nerve (mastoid segment) anomalies. High-resolution computed tomography is essential in congenital aural atresia, before management strategy is decided.

External auditory canal duplication anomalies associated with congenital aural atresia

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolas H. Blevins ◽  
Seema V. Byahatti ◽  
Collin S. Karmody
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Treacher Collins Syndrome ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Aural Atresia ◽  
Branchial Cleft Anomalies ◽  
Branchial Cleft ◽  
Congenital Aural Atresia

Maldevelopment of the first branchial cleft can produce a broad spectrum of anomalies in its derivative structure, the external auditory canal (EAC). Failure of the cleft to develop normally can result in either the absence of a normally patent EAC (atresia, or stenosis) or a duplication anomaly (cyst, sinus, or fistula). Despite their common origins, the coexistence of these anatomical abnormalities is quite unusual. We present four patients with both aural atresia and duplication anomalies of the EAC. Three patients had non-syndromic unilateral aural atresia and presented with periauricular lesions originating from the first branchial cleft. The other patient had a variant of Treacher Collins syndrome and presented with draining infra-auricular fistulae.The classification and management of first branchial cleft anomalies is reviewed in light of these cases. An understanding of the embryogenesis of the external ear is necessary to successfully recognize and treat this spectrum of deformities. A classification system is presented that encompasses the full spectrum of first cleft anomalies.

Long term results of postoperative canal stenosis in congenital aural atresia surgery

2007 ◽  
Vol 127 (sup558) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun O Chang ◽  
Jun Ho Lee ◽  
Byung Yoon Choi ◽  
Jae-Jin Song
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Results ◽  
Aural Atresia ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Congenital Aural Atresia

scholarly journals Congenital aural atresia surgery: anterior mastoid and transmastoid approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam Fathy Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Previous Approach ◽  
Hearing Results ◽  
Aural Atresia ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Bony Canal ◽  
Hearing Recovery ◽  
Congenital Aural Atresia

Abstract Background Aural atresia (CAA) is a congenital abnormality with hypoplasia or aplasia of the external auditory canal. Surgical procedures of CAA is not only difficult but has still not been embraced by surgeons. Many surgeons are doubtful to perform a repair due to poor hearing results and the risk of new canal stenosis. This article describes the writers’ expertise with surgical management of aural atresia. A retrospective study of 16 cases of CAA was undertaken in the Hearing and Speech Institute between 2015 and 2018. The study consisted of 16 patients, 8 patients for each group, 10 males and 6 females between 4 and 18 years of age with a median age of 6 years. Ten patients had bilateral atresia, and 6 had unilateral atresia. Postoperatively, patients were tested for hearing recovery and follow-up lasting up to 2 years to record any complications. Purpose of the study was to compare hearing effects and risks of anterior and transmastoid approaches to external and middle ear restoration in patients with CAA. Results All patients were satisfied with the surgery by improving the hearing up to 35 dB or less after 12 months. Four patients (25%) developed soft tissue meatal stenosis, with 2 patients in each group. There were no cases of bony canal stenosis. TM perforation was seen in two patients (12.51%), one patient in each group. Lateralization of the graft was seen in one patient in the transmastoid group, and no ossicular chain refixation. Five cases had postoperative otorrhea, one in the anterior mastoid group and four in the transmastoid group. There were no other complications. Conclusions Although the findings of the hearing are close. The previous approach, due to fewer postoperative complications, is now our favorite technique. Proper alignment and soft-tissue strategies are keys to the effective correction of the congenitally atretic ear canal.

Anatomic Measurements of Distances from Lateral Surface of Cranium to Cochlea in Congenital Aural Atresia and Stenosis Patients

ORL ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Youzhou Xie ◽  
Keguang Chen ◽  
Dongming Yin ◽  
Tianyu Zhang ◽  
Peidong Dai
Keyword(s):  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Lateral Surface ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aural Atresia ◽  
Congenital Aural Atresia ◽  
Superior Margin ◽  
Air Cells ◽  
Mastoid Air Cells

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Studies have shown that higher response levels can be obtained when the bone conduction stimulation position is closer to the cochlea. However, the morphological characteristics of round window niche and posterior tympanum in congenital aural atresia (CAA) and stenosis (CAS) patients were different from the normal. These affected the position of the cochlea at the cranial base. It was still unknown whether the distances from the cranium of CAA and CAS patients to the cochlea were the same as those of normal patients or not. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To measure distances from various points on the lateral surface of the cranium to the cochlea and the cranium thickness on these points among a CAA group, CAS group and normal control group, which may provide valuable information for the better position of bone conduction stimulation. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> CT images of CAA, CAS patients and these patients’ healthy sides were analyzed. Firstly, the Frankfurt horizontal plane (Pfrkt) was established. Secondly, a model of part of the cranium was three-dimensionally reconstructed. Then, the Pfrkt plane was rotated down 20, 30 and 40° according to the superior margin of the external auditory canal. At every angle, points 25, 30, 35 and 40 mm away from the superior margin of the external auditory canal were marked out on the surface of the model and recorded as P<sub>20</sub>A, P<sub>30</sub>A, P<sub>40</sub>A, P<sub>20</sub>B, etc. The spatial distances between the cranium and ipsilateral cochlea were defined as lengths of points on the surface of the model to the cochlea apex (CA), cochlear base (CB) and modiolus midpoint (MM), respectively, recorded as P<sub>20</sub>A/CA, P<sub>20</sub>A/CB, P<sub>20</sub>A/MM, P<sub>30</sub>A/CA, etc. <b><i>Results and Conclusions:</i></b> In all groups, the length of P<sub>20</sub>D/CA was the shortest compared to P<sub>30</sub>D/CA and P<sub>40</sub>D/CA (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). The P<sub>20</sub>A/CB and P<sub>20</sub>A/MM were also the shortest (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). When the Pfrkt plane was rotated down 30 and 40°, the results were the same as at 20° (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). However, P<sub>20</sub>D, P<sub>30</sub>D and P<sub>40</sub>D were almost on the mastoid air cells. We suggest that the bone conduction stimulation position is placed closer to the ear, while avoiding the mastoid air cells in the CAA and CAS patients.

Long-term Stent Use Can Prevent Postoperative Canal Stenosis in Patients with Congenital Aural Atresia

2011 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Il Joon Moon ◽  
Yang-Sun Cho ◽  
Juyeon Park ◽  
Won-Ho Chung ◽  
Sung Hwa Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aural Atresia ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Congenital Aural Atresia
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