Effect of Glyceryl Trinitrate on Staphylococcus aureus Growth and Leukocyte Activation during Simulated Extracorporeal Circulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (05) ◽  
pp. 402-408
Author(s):  
Eva Tano ◽  
Lena Douhan Hakansson ◽  
Phan-Kiet Tran ◽  
Folke Knutson ◽  
Tadeusz Malinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Glyceryl Trinitrate ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Leukocyte Activation

scholarly journals Time of course CD64, a leukocyte activation marker, during extracorporeal circulation

Critical Care ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Djebara ◽  
P Biston ◽  
F Emmanuel ◽  
A Daper ◽  
M Joris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Leukocyte Activation ◽  
Activation Marker

scholarly journals Oxygenator Is the Main Responsible for Leukocyte Activation in Experimental Model of Extracorporeal Circulation: A Cautionary Tale

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Rungatscher ◽  
Maddalena Tessari ◽  
Chiara Stranieri ◽  
Erika Solani ◽  
Daniele Linardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Leukocyte Activation ◽  
Cautionary Tale ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Inflammatory Activation ◽  
Small Animal Models

In order to assess mechanisms underlying inflammatory activation during extracorporeal circulation (ECC), several small animal models of ECC have been proposed recently. The majority of them are based on home-made, nonstandardized, and hardly reproducible oxygenators. The present study has generated fundamental information on the role of oxygenator of ECC in activating inflammatory signaling pathways on leukocytes, leading to systemic inflammatory response, and organ dysfunction. The present results suggest that experimental animal models of ECC used in translational research on inflammatory response should be based on standardized, reproducible oxygenators with clinical characteristics.

scholarly journals Crosstalk Between Staphylococcus aureus and Innate Immunity: Focus on Immunometabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Horn ◽  
Tammy Kielian
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Leukocyte Activation ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bacterial infections globally in both healthcare and community settings. The success of this bacterium is the product of an expansive repertoire of virulence factors in combination with acquired antibiotic resistance and propensity for biofilm formation. S. aureus leverages these factors to adapt to and subvert the host immune response. With the burgeoning field of immunometabolism, it has become clear that the metabolic program of leukocytes dictates their inflammatory status and overall effectiveness in clearing an infection. The metabolic flexibility of S. aureus offers an inherent means by which the pathogen could manipulate the infection milieu to promote its survival. The exact metabolic pathways that S. aureus influences in leukocytes are not entirely understood, and more work is needed to understand how S. aureus co-opts leukocyte metabolism to gain an advantage. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge concerning how metabolic biases dictate the pro- vs. anti-inflammatory attributes of various innate immune populations, how S. aureus metabolism influences leukocyte activation, and compare this with other bacterial pathogens. A better understanding of the metabolic crosstalk between S. aureus and leukocytes may unveil novel therapeutic strategies to combat these devastating infections.

scholarly journals Glyceryl trinitrate blocks staphyloxanthin and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham A Abbas ◽  
Ahmed M Elsherbini ◽  
Moutaz A Shaldam
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Glyceryl Trinitrate ◽  
Biofilm Formation

scholarly journals Combined Blockade of ADP Receptors and PI3-Kinase p110β Fully Prevents Platelet and Leukocyte Activation during Hypothermic Extracorporeal Circulation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e38455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Krajewski ◽  
Julia Kurz ◽  
Tobias Geisler ◽  
Karlheinz Peter ◽  
Hans Peter Wendel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Pi3 Kinase ◽  
Leukocyte Activation ◽  
Adp Receptors

Cytochemical Studies of Cell Wall Biosynthesis in Staphylococcus Aureus

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
Masaatsu Koike ◽  
Koichi Nakashima ◽  
Kyoko Iida
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Early Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Cell Wall Biosynthesis ◽  
Septal Wall ◽  
Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Cross Linkage

Penicillin exerts the activity to inhibit the peptide cross linkage between each polysaccharide backbone at the final stage of wall-peptidoglycan biosynthesis of bacteria. Morphologically, alterations of the septal wall and mesosome in gram-positive bacteria, which were occurred in early time after treatment with penicillin, have been observed. In this experiment, these alterations were cytochemically investigated by means of silver-methenamine staining after periodate oxidation, which is applied for detection of localization of wall mucopolysaccharide.Staphylococcus aureus strain 209P treated with 100 u/ml of penicillin G was divided into two aliquotes. One was fixed by Kellenberger-Ryter's OSO4 fixative at 30, 60 and 120 min after addition of the antibiotic, dehydrated through alcohol series, and embedded in Epon 812 (Specimen A). The other was fixed by 21 glutaraldehyde, dehydrated through glycolmethacrylate series and embedded in glycolmethacrylate mixture, according to Bernhard's method (Specimen B).

Gold labeling of teichoic acid on adjacent surfaces of staphylococcus aureus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 578-579
Author(s):  
Margaret Hukee
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Teichoic Acid ◽  
Protein Labeling ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Section Thickness ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Parallel Surfaces ◽  
Supporting Membrane

Gold labeling of two antigens (double labeling) is often done on two section surfaces separated by section thickness. Whether labeling is done on both sides of the same section or on two parallel surfaces separated by section thickness (PSSST), comparable results are dependent on an equal number of epitopes being exposed at each surface. We propose a method to study protein labeling within the same field of proteins, by examining two directly adjacent surfaces that were split during sectioning. The number of labeling sites on adjacent surfaces (AS) were compared to sites on PSSST surfaces in individual bacteria.Since each bacteria needed to be recognizable in all three section surfaces, one-hole grids were used for labeling. One-hole grids require a supporting membrane and excessive handling during labeling often ruptures the membrane. To minimize handling, a labeling chamber was designed that is inexpensive, disposable, minimizes contamination, and uses a minimal amount of solution.

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