Biological Treatment Approaches for Degenerative Disk Disease: A Literature Review of in Vivo Animal and Clinical Data

A review of the diagnostic and treatment approaches to psychogenic seizures has been offered. Two case reports of psychogenic seizures precipitated by loss and associated with depressive symptomatology have been presented. A literature review of cases seems to substantiate the frequency for the association between the development of psychogenic seizures and loss/depressive symptomatology. Symptom relief can be achieved with the utilization of a crisis intervention style psychotherapy. Antidepressant medication may also have a useful role in the treatment of some psychogenic seizures.

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Bisphosphonates: from preclinical evidence to survival data in the oncologic setting

Oncology Reviews ◽

10.4081/oncol.2007.149 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 141-151

Author(s):

Daniele Santini ◽

Maria Elisabetta Fratto ◽

Bruno Vincenzi ◽

Silvia Angeletti ◽

Giordano Dicuonzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Data ◽

Survival Data ◽

Clinical Evidence ◽

Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Phase Iii Trial ◽

Skeletal Disease

Bisphosphonate therapy has become a standard of therapy for patients with malignant bone disease. In vivo pre-clinical data suggest that bisphosphonates may exert an antitumor effect and preliminary clinical data show promising activity on metastatic disease in cancer patients. This review will describe the pre-clinical evidence of action of bisphosphonates on osteoclasts and tumor cells, in both in vitro and animal models. In addition, the effects of principal bisphosphonates on skeletal disease progression in patients with cancers in different sites, including breast cancer, prostate cancer and non-small cell lung cancer will be reported. The preliminary clinical data from retrospective trials on the effect of bisphosphonates on survival will be described and the ongoing adjuvant phase III trial will be analyzed. This review will describe the preliminary clinical evidences from prospective studies on the effect of zoledronic acid treatment on the prevention of bone metastases.

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Intraoral Fluoride-Releasing Devices: A Literature Review

World Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1188 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 350-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jagjit Singh ◽

Gurminder Singh ◽

Ramandeep Singh Gambhir ◽

Daljit Kapoor ◽

Heena Kakar

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Literature Review ◽

Fluoride Concentration ◽

Risk Groups ◽

High Caries Risk ◽

Release Devices ◽

Topical Fluorides

ABSTRACT Dental caries still continues to be a problem for majority of the individuals and it can be a serious problem for medically compromised, developmentally disabled and elderly individuals. Water fluoridation, systemic and topical fluorides are used for past many years to supply supplemental fluoride in order to combat dental caries. The latest fluoride research is investigating the use of slow-release devices for the long-term intraoral provision of fluoride. The present review addresses two main types of intraoral fluoride-releasing devices like the copolymer membrane device, glass device containing fluoride and some variations of these devices. These devices can significantly increase the salivary fluoride concentration without substantially affecting the urinary fluoride levels. A significant number of studies have confirmed that intraoral fluoride-releasing devices have great potential for use in preventing dental caries in children, high-caries-risk groups, and irregular dental attenders in addition to a number of other applications. As most of the studies done on these devices are in vitro and in vivo studies, more well-designed clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the results so that these devices can be used clinically. How to cite this article Gambhir RS, Kapoor D, Singh G, Singh J, Kakar H. Intraoral Fluoride-Releasing Devices: A Literature Review. World J Dent 2012;3(4):350-354.

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16 Summary of Clinical Trials with Biological Treatment Approaches for Spinal Disease

Biological Approaches to Spinal Disc Repair and Regeneration for Clinicians ◽

10.1055/b-0037-145118 ◽

2017 ◽

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Biological Treatment ◽

Spinal Disease ◽

Treatment Approaches

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GNG5 is a novel oncogene associated with cell migration, proliferation, and poor prognosis in glioma

10.21203/rs.3.rs-49192/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wang Zhang ◽

Zhendong Liu ◽

Binchao Liu ◽

Miaomiao Jiang ◽

Shi Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathways ◽

Clinical Data ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Glioma Cells ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

And Migration ◽

The Relationship ◽

Proliferation And Migration

Abstract Background: Although many biomarkers have been reported for detecting glioma, the prognosis for the disease remains poor, and therefore, new biomarkers need to be identified. GNG5, which is part of the G-protein family, has been associated with different malignant tumors, though the role of GNG5 in glioma has not been studied. Therefore, we aimed to identify the relationship between GNG5 and glioma prognosis and identify a new biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.Methods: We used data on more than a thousand gliomas from multiple databases and clinical data to determine the expression of GNG5 in glioma. Based on clinical data and CGGA database, we identified the correlation between GNG5 and multiple molecular and clinical features and prognosis using various analytical methods. Co-expression analysis and GSEA were performed to detect GNG5-related genes in glioma and possible signaling pathways involved. ESTIMATE, ssGSEA, and TIMER were used to detect the relationship between GNG5 and the immune microenvironment. Functional experiments were performed to explore the function of GNG5 in glioma cells.Results: GNG5 is highly expressed in gliomas, and its expression level is positively correlated with pathological grade, histological type, age, and tumor recurrence and negatively correlated with isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, 1p/19 co-deletion, and chemotherapy. Moreover, GNG5 as an independent risk factor was negatively correlated with the overall survival time. GSEA revealed the potential signaling pathways involved in GNG5 function in gliomas, including cell adhesion molecules signaling pathway. The ssGSEA, ESTIMATE, and TIMER based analysis indicated a correlation between GNG5 expression and various immune cells in glioma. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that GNG5 could participate in glioma cell proliferation and migration.Conclusions: Based on the large data platform and the use of different databases to corroborate results obtained using various datasets, as well as in vitro and in vivo experiments, our study reveals for the first time that GNG5, as an oncogene, is overexpressed in gliomas and can inhibit the proliferation and migration of glioma cells and lead to poor prognosis of patients. Thus, GNG5 is a potential novel biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.

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Implementation of the Surgical Apgar Score in Laboratory Animal Science: A Showcase Pilot Study in a Porcine Model and a Review of the Literature

European Surgical Research ◽

10.1159/000520423 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Lisa Ernst ◽

Anna Maria Kümmecke ◽

Leonie Zieglowski ◽

Wenjia Liu ◽

Mareike Schulz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Literature Review ◽

Blood Loss ◽

Abdominal Surgery ◽

Laboratory Animal ◽

Large Animal ◽

Animal Science ◽

Surgical Apgar Score ◽

Laboratory Animal Science

Introduction: In an attempt to further improve surgical outcomes, a variety of outcome prediction and risk-assessment tools have been developed for the clinical setting. Risk scores such as the surgical Apgar score (SAS) hold promise to facilitate the objective assessment of perioperative risk related to comorbidities of the patients or the individual characteristics of the surgical procedure itself. Despite the large number of scoring models in clinical surgery, only very few of these models have ever been utilized in the setting of laboratory animal science. The SAS has been validated in various clinical surgical procedures and shown to be strongly associated with postoperative morbidity. In the present study, we aimed to review the clinical evidence supporting the use of the SAS system and performed a showcase pilot trial in a large animal model as the first implementation of a porcine-adapted SAS (pSAS) in an in vivo laboratory animal science setting. Methods: A literature review was performed in the PubMed and Embase databases. Study characteristics and results using the SAS were reported. For the in vivo study, 21 female German landrace pigs have been used either to study bleeding analogy (n = 9) or to apply pSAS after abdominal surgery in a kidney transplant model (n = 12). The SAS was calculated using 3 criteria: (1) estimated blood loss during surgery; (2) lowest mean arterial blood pressure; and (3) lowest heart rate. Results: The SAS has been verified to be an effective tool in numerous clinical studies of abdominal surgery, regardless of specialization confirming independence on the type of surgical field or the choice of surgery. Thresholds for blood loss assessment were species specifically adjusted to >700 mL = score 0; 700–400 mL = score 1; 400–55 mL score 2; and <55 mL = score 3 resulting in a species-specific pSAS for a more precise classification. Conclusion: Our literature review demonstrates the feasibility and excellent performance of the SAS in various clinical settings. Within this pilot study, we could demonstrate the usefulness of the modified SAS (pSAS) in a porcine kidney transplantation model. The SAS has a potential to facilitate early veterinary intervention and drive the perioperative care in large animal models exemplified in a case study using pigs. Further larger studies are warranted to validate our findings.

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