Gamma-Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Some Trace Elements in the Human Articular Disc of the Mandible

1963 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Bergman ◽  
Rune Söremark
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Thermal Neutron Flux ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Articular Disc ◽  
Group Separation

SummaryBy means of neutron activation and gamma-ray spectrometry the concentrations in the human mandibular articular disc of the following elements have been determined: Na, Mn, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Cd, W, and Au. The discs were obtained at necropsy from seven men and nine women, ranging in age from 56 to 71 years.The activation was carried out in a thermal neutron flux of about 1.7 XlO12 neutrons × cm−2 × sec.−1 for about 20 hours. A chemical group separationwas performed before the gamma-ray spectrometry. Quantitative data based on the dry weight of the cartilage samples were obtained by comparing the photo-peak area of the identified elements with those of appropriate standards.

Application of instumetal neutron activation analysis method for determination of some trace elements in lichens around three sites in Algiers

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Azli ◽  
Zohra Bouhila ◽  
Ammar Mansouri ◽  
Mohammed Messaoudi ◽  
Zineb Zergoug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Reference Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Certified Reference Materials ◽  
Standard Reference Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Analysis Technique

Abstract Trace elements (TEs) constitute a major part of pollution, which can induce a detrimental impact on public health. A precise analysis of these elements in the environment is an important parameter in the evaluation of the population's quality of life. This work aims to quantify the concentration of some trace elments in enviromental samples using Istrumental Neutron Activation Analysis technique (INAA); also a comparative study between three sampling points (Draria, Baraki and Reghaia) were done. The Samples and standards were irradiated for 6 h at “NUR” research reactor with a thermal neutron flux of 1013 n cm−2 s−1, and analyzed by gamma ray spectrometry using HPGe detector. Seventeen elements were assessed: Ba, Br, Ce, Co, Cr, Hf, Fe, La, Nd, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Sr, Yb and Zn in this study. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by analyzing Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) and Standard Reference Materials (SRMs). The data obtained in this work may contribute to obtaining information about a possible rank of pollution and the different capabilities of elemental bioaccumulation by lichens.

Activation Analysis of Normal and Atherosclerotic Aortas

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Strain ◽  
C. G. Rob ◽  
W. J. Pories ◽  
R. C. Childers ◽  
M. F. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Neutron Flux ◽  
Thermal Neutron ◽  
Thermal Neutron Flux ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Aortic Tissue ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Upper Limits

Normal and atherosclerotic aortas from rats and man have been analyzed by neutron activation to determine changes in the content of Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Mg, Mn, Se, V, and Zn with the development of degenerative changes. Samples of aortic tissue were weighed, dried at 110°C overnight, and irradiated for 30 min in a thermal neutron flux of 1.8X1012 n/cm2-sec in a TRIGA Mark I reactor. Immediately after irradiation, the samples were wet-ashed in the presence of carriers, the various elements were then radiochemically separated, and the separated fractions were counted by multichannel gamma-ray spectrometry. Definite values, or firm upper limits, for the elements were calculated by computer. With increasing degree of atherosclerosis, the Ca content rose from <350 to 36 000±2000 ppm; Co from undetectable to 0.34 ppm; Mg from <110 to 880 ppm; Mn from 0.34 to 1.26 ppm; and Zn from 37 to 152 ppm. Significant changes could not be detected in Cd, Se, and V; changes in Cu were not consistent. These results are discussed in relation to the pathological changes and to zinc therapy in the treatment of atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals VZTAH MEZI PŘIROZENOU RADIOAKTIVITOU HORNIN A PŮD NA NICH VYTVOŘENÝCH – ZÁKLADNÍ PROBLÉM INTERPRETACE DAT ZÍSKANÝCH LETECKOU A TERÉNNÍ GAMASPEKTROMETRIÍ

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Zimák
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
Parent Rocks ◽  
Mass Activity

The objective of this study was to assess the amount of natural radionuclides in fresh parent rocks and their effect on natural radioactivity of soils developed from them. Forty-five fresh rocks consisting mainly of granitoids, syenitoids, acid to basic metavolcanites, mica schists, gneisses, quartzites, serpentinites, sandstones, graywackes, and limestones and their corresponding overlying soils were sampled for laboratory gamma-ray spectrometric analysis. Contents of potassium, uranium and thorium were converted to mass activity of 226Ra equivalent (am) and terrestrial gamma radiation dose rate (D). Data are tabled and discussed. The highest am values occured in syenitoids (386–441 Bq·kg-1) followed by granitoids, mica schists, greywackes and gneisses, whereas the lowest am values were found in quartzose sandstones (15–36 Bq·kg-1) followed by limestones (less than 15 Bq·kg-1) and serpentinites (less than 6 Bq·kg-1). The natural radioactivity of soils is usually slightly lower than that of parent rocks due to the lower content of potassium, uranium and thorium in soils. This is typical for granitoids, syenitoids and rocks of similar mineralogical composition. In soils developed on granitoids and syenitoids were found increased concentrations of all three elements in the grain size fraction below 0.063 mm. Soils developed on rocks with low natural radioactivity (such as limestones and serpentinites) tend to have significantly higher natural radioactivity than their parent rocks. This may complicate the interpretation of data obtained by airborne gamma-ray spectrometry.

scholarly journals The Potential of Photon Activation and Neutron Activation Techniques for Fast Soil Characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 09001
Author(s):  
Adrien Sari ◽  
Sara Garti ◽  
Frédéric Lainé ◽  
Frédérick Carrel ◽  
Jonathan Dumazert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Photon Activation ◽  
Secondary Target

In the frame of a partnership between CEA and VINCI, various measurement techniques are applied to soil analysis and tested in different laboratories located at CEA Saclay (France). This paper deals with two nuclear measurement techniques assessed in this project. More specifically, this paper presents the feasibility study carried out for two non-destructive active methods: photon activation and neutron activation. First, some atomic nuclides are activated either by photons or neutrons. Secondly, gamma-rays of specific energies are emitted by activated nuclides and gamma-ray spectrometry enables to identify these activated nuclides. Calibration of the full measurement system with reference samples would enable to quantify the mass of activated nuclides. Irradiations performed for photon activation measurements were conducted using a linear electron accelerator (linac) as the latter enables to generate high-energy photons by Bremsstrahlung thanks to its conversion target. Furthermore, irradiations performed for neutron activation measurements were also conducted with a linac. Indeed, photons may be converted to neutrons by photonuclear reactions using a secondary target. In the frame of this project, experiments were carried out at the SAPHIR platform (CEA Saclay) with a Linatron-M9 VARIAN linac. The electron energy was either 6 or 9 MeV. For neutron activation measurements, a secondary target made of heavy water has been used as neutron source and a polyethylene cell enabled to thermalize neutrons and increase the number of reactions of interest. In this paper, we present the different experimental setups and the measurement protocols established for this feasibility study. We show experimental results obtained with raw material samples coming from three construction sites.

scholarly journals Activation Analysis of Drugs

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1139-1147
Author(s):  
H L Schlesinger ◽  
M J Pro ◽  
C M Hoffman ◽  
M Cohan
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Naval Research Laboratory ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Naval Research

Abstract Activation analysis has been employed to compare and determine the source of manufacture of drugs. The irradiations were carried out with the DASA-TRIGA1 and Naval Research Laboratory nuclear reactors,2 and the induced radionuclides were identified by nondestructive gamma-ray spectrometry. The results show that the technique can be a useful tool for the identification of trace elements which serve to characterize drugs.

Comparison of Adhesive Tapes by Neutron Activation Analysis

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-376
Author(s):  
J E Scott ◽  
C M Hoffman ◽  
M J Pro ◽  
H L Schlesinger
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry

Abstract Adhesive tapes were compared by nondestructive gamma-ray spectrometry. Results show that neutron activation analysis can he used to characterize tapes through their elemental composition. Differences between manufacturers as well as hatch-tobatch and in-batch variations can be measured by neutron activation analysis.

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