Load-Bearing in the Ovine Medial Tibial Condyle: Effect of Meniscectomy

SummaryTotal removal of a knee joint meniscus is followed by osteoarthritis in many mammalian species. Altered load-bearing has been observed in the human knee following meniscectomy but less is known about biochemical effects of meniscectomy in other species. Using pressure sensitive paper in sheep knee (stifle) joints it was found that, for comparable loads, the load-bearing area on the medial tibial condyle was significantly reduced following medial meniscectomy. Also, for loads of between 50 N and 500 N applied to the whole joint, the slope of the regression of contact area against load was much smaller. Following medial meniscectomy, the ability to increase contact area as load increased was markedly reduced.The load bearing area on the medial tibial condyle was reduced following meniscectomy.

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Comparison of Biomechanical Parameters between Medial and Lateral Compartments of Human Knee Joints

The Open Biomedical Engineering Journal ◽

10.2174/1874120702014010074 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 74-86

Author(s):

Ashwin Kumar Devaraj ◽

Kiran Kumar V Acharya ◽

Raviraja Adhikari

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Contact Area ◽

Medial Meniscus ◽

Knee Joints ◽

Maximum Compressive Stress ◽

Full Extension ◽

Tibial Cartilage ◽

Human Knee ◽

Compressive Stresses ◽

Biomechanical Parameters

Background: The knowledge of biomechanics helps in predicting stresses in different parts of the knee joint during daily activities. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the biomechanical parameters of the knee joint, such as contact pressure, contact area, and maximum compressive stress, at full extension position during the gait cycle. Methods: The three-dimensional finite element models of human knee joints are developed from magnetic resonance images (MRI) of multiple healthy subjects. The knee joints are subjected to an axial compressive force of 1150 N at full extension position. Results: The maximum compressive stresses on the medial and lateral tibial cartilages were 2.98±0.51 MPa and 2.57±0.53 MPa, respectively. The maximum compressive stresses on the medial and lateral menisci were 2.81±0.92 MPa and 2.52±0.97 MPa, respectively. The contact area estimated on medial and lateral tibial cartilages were 701±89 mm2 and 617±63 mm2, respectively. Conclusion: The results were validated using experimental and numerical results from literature and were found to be in good agreement. The magnitude of maximum compressive stress and the contact pressure was found to be higher at the medial portion of the cartilages as compared to that in the lateral portion of the cartilages. This study shows that the medial meniscus is more prone to tear under severe loading conditions, as the stresses in the medial meniscus are higher than that in the lateral meniscus. The total contact area in the medial tibial cartilage is larger than that in the lateral tibial cartilage.

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Effects of ruptured anterior cruciate ligament and medial meniscectomy on stress distribution of human knee joint at full extension

2015 IEEE 15th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE) ◽

10.1109/bibe.2015.7367650 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Aleksandra Vulovic ◽

Nenad Filipovic ◽

Branko Ristic

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽

Stress Distribution ◽

Knee Joint ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Full Extension ◽

Human Knee ◽

Human Knee Joint ◽

Medial Meniscectomy ◽

Anterior Cruciate

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A multi-scale finite element model for investigation of chondrocyte mechanics in normal and medial meniscectomy human knee joint during walking

Journal of Biomechanics ◽

10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.043 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 48 (8) ◽

pp. 1397-1406 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Petri Tanska ◽

Mika E. Mononen ◽

Rami K. Korhonen

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Knee Joint ◽

Finite Element Model ◽

Element Model ◽

Human Knee ◽

Multi Scale ◽

Human Knee Joint ◽

Medial Meniscectomy

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The Effect of Total Meniscectomy versus Caudal Pole Hemimeniscectomy on the Stifle Joint of the Sheep

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1632463 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 12 (02) ◽

pp. 56-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. R. Bellenger ◽

P. Ghosh ◽

Y. Numata ◽

C. Little ◽

D. S. Simpson

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Articular Cartilage ◽

Fibrous Tissue ◽

Cartilage Degeneration ◽

Medial Compartment ◽

Proteoglycan Synthesis ◽

Stifle Joint ◽

Medial Meniscectomy ◽

Tibial Condyle ◽

Articular Cartilage Degeneration

SummaryTotal medial meniscectomy and caudal pole hemimeniscectomy were performed on the stifle joints of twelve sheep. The two forms of meniscectomy produced a comparable degree of postoperative lameness that resolved within two weeks of the operations. After six months the sheep were euthanatised and the stifle joints examined. Fibrous tissue that replaced the excised meniscus in the total meniscectomy group did not cover as much of the medial tibial condyle as the residual cranial pole and caudal fibrous tissue observed following hemimeniscectomy. The articular cartilage from different regions within the joints was examined for gross and histological evidence of degeneration. Analyses of the articular cartilage for water content, glycosaminoglycan composition and DNA content were performed. The proteoglycan synthesis and release from explanted articular cartilage samples in tissue culture were also measured. There were significant pathological changes in the medial compartment of all meniscectomised joints. The degree of articular cartilage degeneration that was observed following total meniscectomy and caudal pole meniscectomy was similar. Caudal pole hemimeniscectomy, involving transection of the meniscus, causes the same degree of degeneration of the stifle joint that occurs following total meniscectomy.The effect of total medial meniscectomy versus caudal pole hemimeniscectomy on the stifle joint of sheep was studied experimentally. Six months after the operations gross pathology, histopathology, cartilage biochemical analysis and the rate of proteoglycan synthesis in tissue culture were used to compare the articular cartilage harvested from the meniscectomised joints. Degeneration of the articular cartilage from the medial compartment of the joints was present in both of the groups. Caudal pole hemimeniscectomy induces a comparable degree of articular cartilage degeneration to total medial meniscectomy in the sheep stifle joint.

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Study Surface Roughness and Friction of Synovial Human Knee Joint with Using Mathematical Model

Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science ◽

10.22401/anjs.00.1.15 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 00 (1) ◽

pp. 109-118

Author(s):

Enas Y. Abdullah ◽

◽

Naktal Moid Edan ◽

Athraa N. Kadhim ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Surface Roughness ◽

Knee Joint ◽

Human Knee ◽

Human Knee Joint

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Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Contact Mechanics of Five Total Knee Joint Replacements

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine ◽

10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_349_02 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 209 (4) ◽

pp. 225-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

T Stewart ◽

Z M Jin ◽

D Shaw ◽

D D Auger ◽

M Stone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plastic Deformation ◽

Knee Joint ◽

Contact Pressure ◽

Contact Stress ◽

Linear Elasticity ◽

Contact Area ◽

Elasticity Analysis ◽

Joint Replacements ◽

Total Knee ◽

Maximum Contact

The tibio-femoral contact area in five current popular total knee joint replacements has been measured using pressure-sensitive film under a normal load of 2.5 kN and at several angles of flexion The corresponding maximum contact pressure has been estimated from the measured contact areas and found to exceed the point at which plastic deformation is expected in the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) component particularly at flexion angles near 90°. The measured contact area and the estimated maximum contact stress have been found to be similar in magnitude for all of the five knee joint replacements tested. A significant difference, however, has been found in maximum contact pressure predicted from linear elasticity analysis for the different knee joints. This indicates that varying amounts of plastic deformation occurred in the polyethylene component in the different knee designs. It is important to know the extent of damage as knees with large amounts of plastic deformation are more likely to suffer low cycle fatigue failure. It is therefore concluded that the measurement of contact areas alone can be misleading in the design of and deformation in total knee joint replacements. It is important to modify geometries to reduce the maximum contact stress as predicted from the linear elasticity analysis, to below the linear elastic limit of the plastic component.

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