scholarly journals Evaluation of Auditory Stream Segregation in Musicians and Nonmusicians

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naina Johnson ◽  
Annika Mariam Shiju ◽  
Adya Parmar ◽  
Prashanth Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Harmonic Component ◽  
Stream Segregation ◽  
Spectral Profile ◽  
Auditory Stream ◽  
Auditory Stream Segregation ◽  
Acoustic Stimuli ◽  
The Third ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Introduction One of the major cues that help in auditory stream segregation is spectral profiling. Musicians are trained to perceive a fine structural variation in the acoustic stimuli and have enhanced temporal perception and speech perception in noise. Objective To analyze the differences in spectral profile thresholds in musicians and nonmusicians. Methods The spectral profile analysis threshold was compared between 2 groups (musicians and nonmusicians) in the age range between 15 and 30 years old. The stimuli had 5 harmonics, all at the same amplitude (f0 = 330 Hz, mi4). The third (variable tone) has a similar harmonic structure; however, the amplitude of the third harmonic component was higher, producing a different timbre in comparison with the standards. The subject had to identify the odd timbre tone. The testing was performed at 60 dB HL in a sound-treated room. Results The results of the study showed that the profile analysis thresholds were significantly better in musicians compared with nonmusicians. The result of the study also showed that the profile analysis thresholds were better with an increase in the duration of music training. Thus, improved auditory processing in musicians could have resulted in a better profile analysis threshold. Conclusions Auditory stream segregation was found to be better in musicians compared with nonmusicians, and the performance improved with an increase in several years of training. However, further studies are essential on a larger group with more variables for validation of the results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of auditory stream segregation in individuals with cochlear pathology and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Banerjee ◽  
Prashanth Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Auditory Scene Analysis ◽  
Auditory Neuropathy ◽  
Stream Segregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spectral Profile ◽  
Auditory Stream ◽  
Auditory Stream Segregation ◽  
Cochlear Pathology ◽  
Auditory Scene

Background and Aim: The central auditory nervous system has the ability to perceptually group similar sounds and segregates different sounds called auditory stream segregation or auditory streaming or auditory scene analysis. Identification of a change in spectral profile when the amplitude of a component of complex tone is changed is referred to as Spectral profile analysis. It serves as an important cue in auditory stream segregation as the spectra of the sound source vary. The aim of the study was to assess auditory stream segregation in individuals with cochlear pathology (CP) and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder. Methods: In the present study, three groups of participants were included. Experimental groups included 21 ears in each group with cochlear hearing loss or auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders (ANSD) and control group with 21 ears with normal hearing. Profile analysis was asse­ssed using "mlp" toolbox, which implements a maximum likelihood procedure in MATLAB. It was assessed at four frequencies (250 Hz, 500 Hz, 750 Hz, and 1000 Hz) for all three groups. Results: The results of the study indicate that the profile analysis threshold (at all four frequ­encies) was significantly poorer for individuals with CP or ANSD compared to the control group. Although, cochlear pathology group performed better than ANSD group. Conclusion: This could be because of poor spec­tral and temporal processing due to loss of outer hair cells at the level of the basilar membrane in cochlear pathology patients and due to the demyelination of auditory neurons in individuals with ANSD. Keywords: Auditory stream segregation; auditory scene analysis; spectral profiling; spectral profile analysis; cochlear pathology; auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders

The Listening in Spatialized Noise–Sentences Test (LISN-S): Comparison to The Prototype Lisn and Results From Children With Either a Suspected (Central) Auditory Processing Disorder or a Confirmed Language Disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (05) ◽  
pp. 377-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Cameron ◽  
Harvey Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Stream Segregation ◽  
Auditory Processing Disorder ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Central Auditory Processing Disorder ◽  
Auditory Stream ◽  
Auditory Stream Segregation ◽  
Competing Speech

Background: The Listening in Spatialized Noise—Sentences test (LISN-S®) is a revised version of the Listening in Spatialized Noise (Continuous Discourse) test (LISN®; Cameron et al, 2006a). The software produces a three-dimensional auditory environment under headphones and was developed to assess auditory stream segregation skills in children. A simple repetition response protocol is utilized to determine speech reception thresholds (SRTs) for sentences presented from 0° azimuth in competing speech. The competing speech is manipulated with respect to its location in auditory space (0° vs. + and −90° azimuth) and the vocal quality of the speaker(s) (same as, or different to, the speaker of the target stimulus). Performance is measured as two SRT and three advantage measures. The advantage measures represent the benefit in dB gained when either talker, spatial, or both talker and spatial cues combined are incorporated in the maskers. Purpose: To document LISN-S performance in a group of nine children with suspected (central) auditory processing disorder ([C]APD), who presented with difficulties hearing in the classroom in the absence of any routine audiological or language, learning or attention deficits to explain such a difficulty (SusCAPD group). The study also aimed to research the effect of higher-order deficits on LISN-S performance in a group of 11 children with a range of documented learning or attention disorders (LD Group). Correlation between performance on the LISN-S and a traditional (C)APD test battery was also compared. Research Design: In a descriptive design, SusCAPD and LD group performance on the LISN-S was compared to published normative data from 70 age-matched controls. A correlational design was used to compare performance on the various tests in the traditional (C)APD battery to the SRT and advantage measures of the LISN-S. Results: There were no significant differences between the SusCAPD, LD, or control groups on the conditions of the LISN-S where both the target and maskers emanated from 0° azimuth (low-cue SRT, p = 0.978; talker advantage, p = 0.307). However, there were significant differences between groups on the performance measures where the maskers were separated from the target by + and −90°. Post hoc tests revealed that there were no significant differences between the LD group and controls on any of these measures. There were, however, significant differences between the SusCAPD group and the controls on all the conditions where the maskers were spatially separated from the target (high-cue SRT, p = 0.001; spatial advantage, p < 0.0001; total advantage, p < 0.0001). The LISN-S did not correlate significantly with any test in the traditional test battery, nor were the nonspatial and spatial performance measures of the LISN-S correlated. Conclusions: The study supports the hypothesis that a high proportion of children with suspected (C)APD have a deficit in the mechanisms that normally use the spatial distribution of sources to suppress unwanted signals. The LISN-S is a potentially valuable assessment tool for assessing auditory stream segregation deficits, and is sensitive in differentiating various forms of auditory streaming.

Primary Auditory Stream Segregation of Repeated Word Sequences

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1071-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty Tuller ◽  
James R. Lackner
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Separation ◽  
Repeated Sequences ◽  
Stream Segregation ◽  
Natural Speech ◽  
Auditory Stream ◽  
Auditory Stream Segregation ◽  
Repeated Word ◽  
Auditory Sequence ◽  
Constituent Order

Primary auditory stream segregation, the perceptual segregation of acoustically related elements within a continuous auditory sequence into distinct spatial streams, prevents subjects from resolving the relative constituent order of repeated sequences of tones (Bregman & Campbell, 1971) or repeated sequences of consonant and vowel sounds (Lackner & Goldstein, 1974). To determine why primary auditory stream segregation does not interfere with the resolution of natural speech, 8 subjects were required to indicate the degree of stream segregation undergone by 24 repeated sequences of English monosyllables which varied in terms of the degrees of syntactic and intonational structure present. All sequences underwent primary auditory stream segregation to some extent but the amount of apparent spatial separation was less when syntactic and intonational structure was present.

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