Safety of Metoclopramide in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Patients

Abstract Introduction Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) occur due to severe head assault to a hard object, with headache and vomiting being amongst the most common presenting symptoms. Metoclopramide is an old antiemetic agent that has been used widely for nausea and vomiting in TBI patients. Aim A systematic review of the literature to investigate the safety of metoclopramide in treating TBI patients. Methods A literature review was conducted in six databases, where we determined the pertinence of a study to the inclusion criteria by assessing the title, keywords, and abstracts. Five studies were found to be relevant. Data were extracted using multiple variables that were formulated incongruent with the study aim and then further analyzed. Results The collective sample size was 93 patients with an average of age 38.5 years. As much as 51.6% were male and 48.6% were females. Most patients received 10 mg metoclopramide IV with a percentage of 77.4%, while only 22.5% received 20 mg IV metoclopramide. Seventy-one patients received metoclopramide alone and 22 received combination therapy. Headache was the most common reported side effect (46.2%), followed by anxiety and drowsiness with (39.7%) and (27.9%), respectively. Fatigue was reported in 24.7%, while dystonia was the least common and developed in only 5.3% of patients. Conclusion Metoclopramide is a common medication used to treat TBI patients in the emergency department. However, the review demonstrated that the central nervous system (CNS) side effect is excepted. Treatments with lower CNS side effects may be better options.

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Safety of metoclopramide in traumatic brain injury patients

Romanian Neurosurgery ◽

10.33962/roneuro-2020-087 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 512-517

Author(s):

Said Al Jaadi ◽

Yahya Al Kindi ◽

Tariq Al-Saadi

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Side Effect ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Antiemetic Agent ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Multiple Variables ◽

Cns Side Effects

Background: One in every three related-injury deaths in United State are linked directly to traumatic brain injury (TBI), for which it is considered as a leading cause of death. Traumatic brain injury took place due to severe head assault to a hard object, with headache and vomiting being amongst the most common presenting symptoms. Metoclopramide is an old antiemetic agent that has been used widely for nausea and vomiting in TBI patients. Aim: A systematic review of the literature to investigate the safety of metoclopramide in treating traumatic brain injury patients. Methods: A literature review was conducted in 6 databases, we determine the pertinence of a study to the inclusion criteria by assessing the title, keywords, and abstracts. Five studies were found to be relevant. Data were extracted using multiple variables that were formulated incongruent with the study aim and then further analyzed. Results: The collective sample size was 93 patients with an average of age 38.5 years. 51.6 % were male and 48.6% were females. Most patients received 10 mg metoclopramide IV with a percentage of 77.4%. While only 22.5% received 20 mg IV metoclopramide. Seventy-one patients received metoclopramide alone and 22 received combination therapy. Headache was the most common reported side effect (46.2 %), followed by anxiety and drowsiness with (39.7%) and (27.9 %); respectively. Fatigue reported in (24.7%), while dystonia was the least common and developed only in 5.3%. Conclusion: Metoclopramide is a common medication used to treat TBI patients in the emergency department. However, the review demonstrated that the central nervous system (CNS) side effect is excepted. Alternative options with lower CNS side effects may be better tried.

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Caffeine Consumption in Children: Innocuous or Deleterious? A Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17072489 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (7) ◽

pp. 2489

Author(s):

Yeyetzi C. Torres-Ugalde ◽

Angélica Romero-Palencia ◽

Alma D. Román-Gutiérrez ◽

Deyanira Ojeda-Ramírez ◽

Rebeca M. E. Guzmán-Saldaña

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Energy Management ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Brain Energy

Caffeine is the most consumed psychostimulant worldwide. Its use among children is controversial. Although it produces an increase in brain activity, it could hamper growth and development in young consumers. Therefore, the aim of this review was to recognize changes produced by caffeine in children under 12 years of age and to identify the relevant alterations and the conditions of their occurrence. A systematic review of the literature was carried out using PRISMA. Initially, 5468 articles were found from the EBSCO, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Clarivate Analytics databases. In this review, were retained 24 published articles that met the inclusion criteria. The results obtained showed that caffeine consumption hampers children’s growth and development. In contrast, it supports the activation of the central nervous system and brain energy management.

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Posttraumatic arachnoid cyst rupturę and delayed acute subdural hygroma

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine ◽

10.15584/ejcem.2021.3.13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 273-276

Author(s):

Berrin Erok ◽

◽

Kenan Kıbıcı ◽

Keyword(s):

Head Trauma ◽

Brain Injuries ◽

Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽

The Other ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Subdural Space ◽

Subdural Hygroma ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Cyst Rupture

Introduction. Subdural hygromas (SDGs) are the accumulation of fluid in the subdural space. Arachnoid cysts (ACs) on the other hand are common cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) containing lesions of the central nervous system, located within the subarachnoid space. They are generally found incidentally on neuroimaging studies and remain asymptomatic throughout the life. Rupture into the subdural space resulting in subdural hygroma (SDG) is relatively rare. Aim. We aimed to show the importance of the radiological follow up in head trauma patients having large ACs. Description of the case. We report a case of a 69-year-old male patient with a known large Galassi type III AC, presented to our hospital with traumatic brain injuries and re-presented with acute posttraumatic SDG in association with AC rupture. Conclusion. This case emphasizes the importance of radiological follow up in head trauma patients having large ACs to reveal and appropriately manage traumatic subdural collections.

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Review of the literature on de novo formation of cavernous malformations of the central nervous system after radiation therapy

Neurosurgical FOCUS ◽

10.3171/foc.2006.21.1.5 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Shahid M. Nimjee ◽

Ciaran J. Powers ◽

Ketan R. Bulsara

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

De Novo ◽

Radiation Treatment ◽

Latency Period ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Cavernous Malformations ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Mean

✓In this paper the authors review the literature concerning de novo cavernoma formation after radiation treatment. PubMed and MEDLINE database searches were performed. Data were compiled on all patients in whom de novo cavernomas formed after radiation treatment and whose cases were reported in the literature. The authors found reports in the literature of 76 patients in whom cavernomas formed de novo after radiation treatment. The mean age of the patients was 11.7 years, and the majority of these lesions occurred in males. The patients received a mean radiation dose of 60.45 Gy. The mean latency period before detection of the cavernoma was 8.9 years, and most of these lesions were detected incidentally. In symptomatic patients, the most common presenting symptoms were seizures. Thirty-seven of the patients had evidence of hemorrhage, and 54% of these required surgical intervention. De novo formation of cavernomas after radiation treatment is a relatively rare phenomenon. Patients in whom these cavernomas develop need to be followed closely because there is a propensity for the lesions to hemorrhage. Surgical intervention to treat symptomatic lesions has a favorable outcome.

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99Tcm HMPAO neuro SPET in minor traumatic brain injuries

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/s0013-4694(97)88328-2 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 83 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B Israel

Keyword(s):

Brain Injuries ◽

Traumatic Brain Injuries

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Hospital Tab for Traumatic Brain Injuries: $1 Billion

Pediatric News ◽

10.1016/s0031-398x(06)71263-2 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 40 (8) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

ROBERT FINN

Keyword(s):

Brain Injuries ◽

Traumatic Brain Injuries

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Intimate Partner Violence and Help-Seeking

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000304 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 263-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Solveig Lelaurain ◽

Pierluigi Graziani ◽

Grégory Lo Monaco

Keyword(s):

Social Psychology ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Social Concern ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Inhibiting Factors ◽

Wide Range

Abstract. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global social concern: many women are affected by this phenomenon and by the difficulty of putting an end to it. This review of the literature aims to identify help-seeking facilitating and inhibiting factors in response to IPV. It was carried out on the PsycINFO and Medline databases using the following keywords: “intimate partner violence,” “domestic violence,” “help-seeking,” and “help-seeking barrier.” Ninety out of 771 eligible publications were included on the basis of inclusion criteria. The results highlight that (1) research on this phenomenon is very recent and underdeveloped in Europe, (2) theoretical and conceptual frameworks are poorly developed and extended, (3) there is a significant impact of violence characteristics (e.g., severity, type) on help-seeking, and (4) help-seeking is a complex and multifactorial process influenced by a wide range of factors simultaneously individual and social. To conclude, these findings lead us to propose a psychosocial conceptualization of the help-seeking process by indicating how the levels of explanation approach in social psychology can be applied to this field of research in order to increase our understanding of this phenomenon.

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