scholarly journals Influence of the Multiple Layers Application and the Heating of Silane on the Bond Strength between Lithium Disilicate Ceramics and Resinous Cement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uriel Paulo Coelho Silva ◽  
Andréa Peixoto Maia ◽  
Isaias Donizeti Silva ◽  
Milton Edson Miranda ◽  
William Cunha Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Statistical Interaction ◽  
Hot Air

Abstract Objective The study aimed to evaluate the bond strength between lithium disilicate ceramic and resinous cement when silane (Prosil, FGM) was applied in different amounts of layers under heating or not. Materials and Methods Sixty IPS E-max CAD ceramic (Ivoclar) was used. They were conditioned with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 seconds. The samples were distributed in six groups (n = 10): 1Sil, 1 layer of silane without heating; 1SilAq, 1 layer of silane with heating; 2Sil, 2 layers without heating; 2SilAq, 2 layers with heating; 3Sil, 3 layers without heating; and 3SilAq, 3 layers with heating. After each layer, a jet of cold air was applied for 20 seconds in groups 1Sil, 2Sil, 3Sil, and jet of hot air (50°C) in groups 1SilAq, 2SilAq, and 3SilAq. Subsequently, an adhesive layer was applied, and fourcylinders were made on the ceramic with a resin cement AllCemVeneer and photoactivated for 20 seconds. The samples were stored at 37°C for 24 hours and analyzed to the microshear test at EMIC. Statistical Analysis Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results The results showed that there was no statistical interaction between the factors studied. The “heating” factor was not statistically significant; however, the “silane layers” factor showed differences between groups. The analysis of the results showed that the use of one (66%) or two layers (67%) of silane regardless of heating, produced higher values of bond strength, when compared with the group of three layers (62%). Conclusion The use of silane with one or two layers provided a greater bond strength between lithium disilicate ceramic and resinous cement and that the heating did not influence the results.

scholarly journals The Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration and Heat on the Bonding to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sundfeld ◽  
Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho ◽  
Núbia Inocêncya Pavesi Pini ◽  
Ana Rosa Costa ◽  
Renato Herman Sundfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Glassy Matrix ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Matrix Removal ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration and previous heat treatment (PHT) on the surface morphology and micro-shear bond strength (mSBS) of a lithium disilicate glass ceramic (EMX) to resin cement. One hundred four EMX specimens were randomly assigned to two groups (n=52) according to the HF concentration: 5% and 10%. A new random distribution was made according to the PHTs (n=13): control (no PHT); previously heated HF (70 °C); previously heated EMX surface (85 °C); the combination of heated HF + heated EMX surface. The etching time was set at 20 s. All EMX blocks were silanated and received a thin layer of an unfilled resin. Five resin cement cylinders were made on each EMX surface using Tygon tubes as matrices, and then stored for 24 h at 37 °C. One random etched EMX sample from each group was analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (a=0.05). For the control groups, 5% HF showed statistically lower mSBS values when compared to 10% HF (p<0.05). PHT increased the mSBS values for 5% HF, yielding statistically similar results to non-PHT 10% HF (p<0.05). FE-SEM images showed increased glassy matrix removal when PHT was applied to HF 5%, but not to the same degree as for 10% HF. PHT has the potential to improve the bond strength of 5% HF concentration on lithium disilicate glass ceramic.

Effect of Silanization on Microtensile Bond Strength of Different Resin Cements to a Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Parise Gré ◽  
Renan C de Ré Silveira ◽  
Shizuma Shibata ◽  
Carlo TR Lago ◽  
Luiz CC Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Adhesive Resin ◽  
Silane Coupling ◽  
Adhesive Resin Cement

ABSTRACT Aim This study evaluated the influence of a silane-coupling agent on the bond strength of a self-adhesive cement and a conventional resin cement to a lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Materials and methods A total of eight ceramic blocks were fabricated and divided into four groups (n = 2). In groups 1 and 3, ceramic surfaces were etched with hydrofluoric acid 10% for 20 seconds, rinsed for 30 seconds, and air-dried. One layer of a silane agent was applied onto all ceramic specimens and air-dried for 30 seconds. In groups 2 and 4, ceramic surfaces were etched with hydrofluoric acid, rinsed, and air-dried without application of the silane-coupling agent. The ceramic blocks were bonded to a block of composite with a self-adhesive resin cement or with a conventional resin cement, according to the manufacturer's instructions. After 24 hours in distilled water at 37°C, the specimens were sectioned perpendicular to the bonding interface area to obtain beams with a bonding area of 0.8 mm2 and submitted to a microtensile bond strength test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and the Games–Howell post hoc test (p = 0.05). Fractured specimens were examined under optical microscopy at 40× magnification. Results Silanization resulted in higher microtensile bond strength compared to groups without silane. No significant differences were found between the conventional resin cement and the self-adhesive resin cement with silane agent (p = 0.983), and without silane agent (p = 0.877). Conclusion Silanization appears to be crucial for resin bonding to a lithium disilicate-based ceramic, regardless of the resin cement used. The self-adhesive resin cement performed as well as the conventional resin cement. Clinical significance Applying one layer of a silane-coupling agent after etching the ceramic surface with hydrofluoric acid 10% enhanced the bond strength between resin cements and a glass ceramic. How to cite this article Gré CP, de Ré Silveira RC, Shibata S, Lago CTR, Vieira LCC. Effect of Silanization on Microtensile Bond Strength of Different Resin Cements to a Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(2):149-153.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Surface Treatment Protocols on the Shear Bond Strength to Repressed Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramics

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr El-Etreby ◽  
Osama AlShanti ◽  
Gihan El-Nagar
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
X Ray

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of repressing and different surface treatment protocols on the shear bond strength of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics. Material and Methods: A total of 52 lithium disilicate glass-ceramic discs (IPS emax Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) were fabricated using the heat-press technique. The discs were divided into two groups; group (P): discs fabricated from new e.max ingots (n=26), group (R): discs fabricated from reused e.max buttons (n=26). Each group was subdivided into subgroup (E): discs were etched with hydrofluoric acid (9.5%) (n=13), subgroup (S): discs were air-abraded with 110 µm alumina particles. All specimens were subjected to X-ray Diffraction analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive X-Ray, Thermo-Cycling, and Shear Bond Strength Testing. Results: Repressed Etched subgroup (RE) recorded the statistically highest shear bond strength value, followed by the Pressed Etched subgroup (PE), while the statistically lowest shear bond strength value was recorded for the Pressed Air-Abraded subgroup (PS) and Repressed Air-Abraded subgroup (RS). Conclusion: Repressing the leftover buttons for the construction of new lithium disilicate glass-ceramic restorations has no adverse effect on the bond strength of the resin cement to the ceramic. Hydrofluoric acid surface treatment improves the shear bond strength and durability of resin cement bond to both pressed and repressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. Air-abrasion cannot be considered as a reliable surface treatment when bonding to lithium disilicate glass-ceramics. Keywords Heat pressed; Lithium disilicate glass-ceramics; Repressing; Shear bond strength; Surface treatment.

scholarly journals Shear Bond Strength of Lithium Disilicate to Resin Cement After Treatment with Hydrofluoric Acid and a Self-etching Ceramic Primer

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gesinete Gonçalves Pinto Klippel ◽  
Claudio Luis de Melo-Silva ◽  
Tereza Cristina Favieri de Melo-Silva ◽  
Carlos Nelson Elias ◽  
Ronaldo Sergio de Biasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement

scholarly journals Silanated Surface Treatment: Effects on the Bond Strength to Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramic

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Schaffer Pugsley Baratto ◽  
Denis Roberto Falcão Spina ◽  
Carla Castiglia Gonzaga ◽  
Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha ◽  
Adilson Yoshio Furuse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Ceramic Bond ◽  
Bond Strengths

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silanization protocols on the bond strength of two resin cements to a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. Thirty-two ceramic discs were assigned to 2 groups (n=16): G1 - dual-cured resin cement and G2 - light-cured resin cement. Four subgroups were evaluated according to the used silanization protocol. The glass-ceramic was etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 s and silane was applied for 1 min, as follows: CTL - according to the manufacturer's instructions; HA - dried with hot air; NWA - washed and dried with water and air at room temperature; HWA - washed and dried with hot water and hot air. Thereafter, adhesive was applied and light-cured for 20 s. Silicon molds were used to prepare resin cement cylinders (1x1 mm) on the ceramic surface. The specimens were stored in deionized water at 37 °C for 48 h and subjected to a micro-shear test. The data were submitted to statistical analysis (?#61537;=0.05). Group G1 showed higher bond strengths than G2, except for the CTL and NWA subgroups. Differences as function of the silanization protocol were only observed in G1: HWA (25.13±6.83)≥HA (22.95±7.78)≥CTL(17.44±7.24) ≥NWA(14.63±8.76). For G2 there was no difference among the subgroups. In conclusion, the silanization protocol affected the resin cement/ceramic bond strengths, depending on the material. Washing/drying with hot water and/or hot air increased only the bond strength of the dual-cured resin cement.

Effects of Surface Treatments, Thermocycling, and Cyclic Loading on the Bond Strength of a Resin Cement Bonded to a Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
GB Guarda ◽  
AB Correr ◽  
LS Gonçalves ◽  
AR Costa ◽  
GA Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Ceramic Blocks

SUMMARY Objectives The aim of this present study was to investigate the effect of two surface treatments, fatigue and thermocycling, on the microtensile bond strength of a newly introduced lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) and a dual-cured resin cement. Methods A total of 18 ceramic blocks (10 mm long × 7 mm wide × 3.0 mm thick) were fabricated and divided into six groups (n=3): groups 1, 2, and 3—air particle abraded for five seconds with 50-μm aluminum oxide particles; groups 4, 5, and 6—acid etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 seconds. A silane coupling agent was applied onto all specimens and allowed to dry for five seconds, and the ceramic blocks were bonded to a block of composite Tetric N-Ceram (Ivoclar Vivadent) with RelyX ARC (3M ESPE) resin cement and placed under a 500-g static load for two minutes. The cement excess was removed with a disposable microbrush, and four periods of light activation for 40 seconds each were performed at right angles using an LED curing unit (UltraLume LED 5, Ultradent) with a final 40 second light exposure from the top surface. All of the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. Groups 2 and 5 were submitted to 3,000 thermal cycles between 5°C and 55°C, and groups 3 and 6 were submitted to a fatigue test of 100,000 cycles at 2 Hz. Specimens were sectioned perpendicular to the bonding area to obtain beams with a cross-sectional area of 1 mm2 (30 beams per group) and submitted to a microtensile bond strength test in a testing machine (EZ Test) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test (p≤0.05). Results The microtensile bond strength values (MPa) were 26.9 ± 6.9, 22.2 ± 7.8, and 21.2 ± 9.1 for groups 1–3 and 35.0 ± 9.6, 24.3 ± 8.9, and 23.9 ± 6.3 for groups 4–6. For the control group, fatigue testing and thermocycling produced a predominance of adhesive failures. Fatigue and thermocycling significantly decreased the microtensile bond strength for both ceramic surface treatments when compared with the control groups. Etching with 10% hydrofluoric acid significantly increased the microtensile bond strength for the control group.

scholarly journals The effect of hydrofluoric acid and resin cement formulation on the bond strength to lithium disilicate ceramic

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sundfeld ◽  
Alan Rodrigo Muniz Palialol ◽  
Ana Paula Piovesan Fugolin ◽  
Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano ◽  
Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Cement Formulation

scholarly journals Adhesion to a Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic Etched with Hydrofluoric Acid at Distinct Concentrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 492-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catina Prochnow ◽  
Andressa Borin Venturini ◽  
Rafaella Grasel ◽  
André Gundel ◽  
Marco Cícero Bottino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Ceramic Blocks ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Micro Morphology ◽  
And Storage

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of different hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentrations on the bond strength between a lithium disilicate-based glass ceramic and a resin cement. Eighty ceramic-blocks (12×7×2 mm) of IPS e.Max CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent) were produced and randomly assigned to 8 groups, considering 2 study factors: HF concentration in 4 levels, i.e., 1% (HF1), 3% (HF3), 5% (HF5), and 10% (HF10), and storage in 2 levels, i.e., baseline (tests were performed 24 h after cementation), and aged (storage for 150 days + 12,000 thermal-cycles at 5°C and 55°C). Acid etching (20 s) was performed, followed by washing, drying, and silanization. Four resin cement cylinders (ϕ= 0.96 mm) were built-up from starch matrices on each ceramic sample (n= 40). Additional ceramic samples were etched and analyzed for contact angle, micro-morphology, and roughness. In baseline condition (without aging), the HF3, HF5, and HF10 groups showed similar bond strength values (13.9 - 15.9 MPa), and HF1 (11.2 MPa) presented lower values than HF5, being that statistically different (p= 0.012). After aging, all the mean bond strengths statistically decreased, being that HF3, HF5, and HF10 (7.8 - 11 MPa) were similar and higher than HF1 (1.8 MPa) (p= 0.0001). For contact angle, HF3, HF5, and HF10 presented similar values (7.8 - 10.4°), lower than HF1 and CTRL groups. HF5 and HF10 presented rougher surfaces than other conditions. For better bond strength results, the tested ceramic may be etched by HF acid in concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 10%.

Comparative Analysis of the Influence of 10 and 5% Hydrofluoric Acid Etching on the Average Roughness of Lithium Disilicate Used in Dental Prostheses

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Guilherme Ribeiro Baumgardt ◽  
Ana Carolina Motta Maffra ◽  
Bernardo Tomas José Dias de Sousa ◽  
Cristiane Fonseca de Carvalho ◽  
Cláudio Luis de Melo-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Test ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Roughness ◽  
Dental Prostheses

The objective of this study was to analyse the variation of the average roughness (Ra) of a dental ceramic based on lithium disilicate after the etching of the surface with hydrofluoric acid (HF) in different concentrations in relation to the bond strength of this ceramic to the resin cement. The vitroceramic samples were divided into three groups: G1 (control, without etching), G2 (etching with HF 5%) and G3 (etching with HF 10%). The samples were exposed to the HF for 20 seconds at both concentrations. The average surface roughness after etching was analysed using the Confocal Zeiss Axio CSM 700 microscope and after the cementation and photoactivation of the resin cement the samples were submitted to a micro-shear test. The morphological analysis showed that the etching promoted the dissolution of the vitreous component and exposed the crystals of the ceramic for both concentrations, increasing the Ra values in relation to the control group (G1 = 0.331 ± 0.012 μm, G2 = 0.742 ± 0.126 μm; G3 = 1.335 ± 0.217 μm), with G3 having the highest Ra value. The highest values of bond strength were obtained by G3, with G1 = 17 ± 1.38 MPa, G2 = 24 ± 1.47 MPa and G3 = 30 ± 2.83 MPa. It can be concluded that the increase of the Ra by the HF etching promoted an increase of the bond strength between the lithium disilicate and the resin cement. However, the most effective superficial etching was with 10% HF.

Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration and Etching Time on Bond Strength to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 606-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Puppin-Rontani ◽  
D Sundfeld ◽  
AR Costa ◽  
AB Correr ◽  
RM Puppin-Rontani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Failure Data ◽  
Ceramic Blocks

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of hydrofluoric acid (HF) associated with varied etching times on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of a resin cement to a lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Two hundred seventy-five ceramic blocks (IPS e.max Press [EMX], Ivoclar Vivadent), measuring 8 mm × 3 mm thickness, were randomly distributed into five groups according to the HF concentrations (n=50): 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Further random distribution into subgroups was performed according to the following etching times (n=10): 20, 40, 60, 120, and 20 + 20 seconds. After etching, all blocks were treated with a silane coupling agent followed by a thin layer of an unfilled resin. Three resin cement cylinders (∅︀=1 mm) were made on each EMX surface, which was then stored in deionized water at 37°C for 24 hours before testing. The μSBS was in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. Data were submitted to two-way analysis of variance, and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (α=0.05). One representative EMX sample was etched according to the description of each subgroup and evaluated using scanning electron microscopy for surface characterization. The HF concentrations of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% provided significantly higher μSBS values than 1% and 2.5% (p&lt;0.05), regardless of the etching times. For 1% and 2.5% HF, the etching times from 40 to 120 seconds increased the μSBS values compared with 20 seconds (p&lt;0.05), but etching periods did not differ within the 5%, 7.5%, and 10% HF groups (p&gt;0.05). The effect of re-etching was more evident for 1% and 2.5% HF (p&lt;0.05). Different HF concentrations/etching times directly influenced the bond strength and surface morphology of EMX.

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