scholarly journals Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis, Fourth Edition

Synthesis ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (24) ◽  
pp. 4269-4269
Author(s):  
Thomas Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Modern Methods

Advances in Henry Reaction: A Versatile Method in Organic Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-308
Author(s):  
Nidhi Singh ◽  
Jaya Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Amino Alcohol ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Henry Reaction ◽  
High Significance ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Synthetic Reactions ◽  
Stereoselective Reactions ◽  
Synthetic Routes

: Henry reaction is an important reaction employing carbonyls which furnishes β-nitro alcohol, nitroalkene, α-nitro ketones, β-amino alcohol as products and byproducts that may be transfigured as building blocks for other synthetic reactions. This paper focuses on various synthetic routes for Henry reaction, a versatile reaction of high significance in organic synthesis. The paper discusses the chemistry and plausible products of the reaction, along with the various available synthetic routes for the same, ranging from classical conventional methods to modern methods of green chemistry trends. Use of various catalysts as rate enhancer as well as use of various catalysts as enantioselective frontman for stereoselective reactions, have been described in this work.

scholarly journals Transition metal-catalyzed couplings of alkynes to 1,3-enynes: modern methods and synthetic applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 2212-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry M. Trost ◽  
James T. Masters
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

Methods for the selective coupling of alkynes to 1,3-enynes are discussed, as are applications of these processes in organic synthesis.

scholarly journals The role of biocatalysis in the asymmetric synthesis of alkaloids – an update

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (45) ◽  
pp. 28223-28270
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Cigan ◽  
Bettina Eggbauer ◽  
Joerg H. Schrittwieser ◽  
Wolfgang Kroutil
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Asymmetric Synthesis ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Enzymatic Synthesis ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Modern Methods

This review article discusses developments in the chemo-enzymatic synthesis of alkaloids since 2013, showcasing how modern methods of organic synthesis and biocatalysis are combined to establish novel routes towards these important natural products.

Perceptions of Stuttering of Different Age Groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1311-1315
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Kondrashov ◽  
John A. Tetnowski
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
School Age ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Subject Pool

Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of stuttering of school-age children who stutter and those of adults who stutter through the use of the same tools that could be commonly used by clinicians. Method Twenty-three participants across various ages and stuttering severity were administered both the Stuttering Severity Instrument–Fourth Edition (SSI-4; Riley, 2009 ) and the Wright & Ayre Stuttering Self-Rating Profile ( Wright & Ayre, 2000 ). Comparisons were made between severity of behavioral measures of stuttering made by the SSI-4 and by age (child/adult). Results Significant differences were obtained for the age comparison but not for the severity comparison. Results are explained in terms of the correlation between severity equivalents of the SSI-4 and the Wright & Ayre Stuttering Self-Rating Profile scores, with clinical implications justifying multi-aspect assessment. Conclusions Clinical implications indicate that self-perception and impact of stuttering must not be assumed and should be evaluated for individual participants. Research implications include further study with a larger subject pool and various levels of stuttering severity.

Use of the AMA Guides in State Workers' Compensation Systems: 2009 Update

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham ◽  
Jenny Walker
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
Specific Guideline ◽  
Compensation Systems

Abstract The AMAGuides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) is the most widely used basis for determining impairment and is used in state workers’ compensation systems, federal systems, automobile casualty, and personal injury, as well as by the majority of state workers’ compensation jurisdictions. Two tables summarize the edition of the AMA Guides used and provide information by state. The fifth edition (2000) is the most commonly used edition: California, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, New Hampshire, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Vermont, and Washington. Eleven states use the sixth edition (2007): Alaska, Arizona, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, and Wyoming. Eight states still commonly make use of the fourth edition (1993): Alabama, Arkansas, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, South Dakota, Texas, and West Virginia. Two states use the Third Edition, Revised (1990): Colorado and Oregon. Connecticut does not stipulate which edition of the AMA Guides to use. Six states use their own state specific guidelines (Florida, Illinois, Minnesota, New York, North Carolina, and Wisconsin), and six states do not specify a specific guideline (Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, South Carolina, and Virginia). Statutes may or may not specify which edition of the AMA Guides to use. Some states use their own guidelines for specific problems and use the Guides for other issues.

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