Some aspects of the authorship of the treatise “Xiao Jing”

The article deals with the authorship of the Confucian treatise Xiao Jing (“The Classic of Filial Piety”). Xiao Jing is one of the classical treatises that constitutes a part of the Confucian corpus Shisan Jing (“The Thirteen Classics”). This confirms the importance and high significance of this text for the traditional philosophical thought of China. The earliest mention of the title “Xiao Jing” was recorded in the work from the 3rd century BC, Lu shi chun qiu (“Spring and Autumn of Mr Liu”), which indicates the terminus ante quem non for the treatise Xiao Jing. According to some Russian scholars, the treatise Xiao Jing was compiled in the IV-II centuries BC. The Chinese scholarship acknowledges eight main versions of authorship, and therefore dating of Xiao Jing. The author stresses the importance to establish the authorship of the Xiao Jing treatise since this can be a piece of additional information for a comprehensive understanding of the philosophical heritage of the Confucian tradition of this text. After presenting an outline of the main versions of authorship of the Xiao Jing treatise, the author states that this issue can hardly be solved unambiguously. Therefore, this article can be considered as a preliminary essay for further research. The appendix offers a complete Russian translation of the Xiao Jing made by the author of the present article.

Kecerdasan Spritual dan Emosional dalam Pendidikan Tahfizd Al-Qur’an

In Tahfiz Al-Qur’an education, education should have a very complex concept and require a variety of approaches, techniques and the required intelligence. Through a theoretical approach with a qualitative descriptive analytical method with the concept of library research. The author tries to examine books, journals, to get information related to the issues discussed, especially to describe the theoretical studies that have been determined.The result is that the memorizers of AlAl-Qur’an who have practiced Akhlaqul Karimah are aware that they are able to face all kinds of problems that exist very easily. This is because the level of spiritual and emotional intelligence has exceeded the standard of ordinary humans (non-memorizers of Al-Qur’an). This is one part of the miracle of the Qur'an that the long process of memorizing Al-Al-Qur’an is able to make the memorizer have intelligence and a strong memory if in the science of hadith it is referred to as dha> bit and tsiqah. In the end, spiritual and emotional intelligence in the education of Tahfiz al-AlQur’an is a unity that needs each other and is very closely related, and even has a high significance.

The Analysis of Purchase Intention of Processed Apple Products in Shopee

During the current pandemic, almost everything we need, both primary and secondary, we can fulfill from online services. In the era of globalization and the ease of online shopping transactions can lead to consumptive behavior, especially considering the current situation in the corona virus crisis, where consumer behavior has begun to change drastically. This study used Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis with the WarpPLS approach, to predict the magnitude of the relationship among latent variables and between latent variable and its indicator. The dominant variables in the research on the effect of purchase intention of processed apple products at Shopee are trust, online shopping attitudes, subjective norms and purchase intentions. Trust in product purchase intention produces a path coefficient of 0.320 with a confidence interval value [0.160;0.481]. The test results showed that the path coefficient was positive with a high significance level. Online shopping attitude on product purchase intention produces a path coefficient of 0.422 with a confidence interval value [0.261; 0.627], the path coefficient was positive with a high significance level so that this sub hypothesis can be accepted. Subjective norm on product purchase intention produces a path coefficient of 0.250 with a confidence interval value [0.104;0.397], the path coefficient was positive with a high significance level. Purchase intention on purchasing decisions produces a path coefficient of 0.509 with a confidence interval value [0.370; 0.648], the path coefficient was positive with a high significance level.

Design foundations: Towards a model of style grammar in creative drawing

<p>A style grammar is a principled rule set that governs the organization of very complex ideas. It allows for the examination of underlying structures which are often times obscured. Style grammars have been developed for many fields such as writing, fashion and architecture but to date there is no style grammar for creative drawing. The research identifies the necessary visual features and core traits associated with each feature towards developing such a model for creative drawings. Then operational measures are defined using the computer to extract and measure the core traits of those features towards developing a model of style grammar in drawing. These visual features include line, tone, and depth. Core traits include line length, line width, line expressiveness, local tone, global tone, texture, pattern, outline, shape, and position. A multidimensional scaling (MDS) using input from 27 subjects, 10 art experts and 17 novices, supported the overall list of visual features and added the dimension of smudge to the list. A second MDS sort discusses issues with images and large art categorical sorts from the standpoint of both human perception and machine measures that were obtained using feature extraction. It was concluded from the results of the second MDS that large art categories were too broad to be useful in evaluating measures to develop the model. Further analysis was run using only drawings from three artists, two impressionists to compare similarity and one expressionist for dissimilarity to determine if the machine measures of the core traits of the visual features were able to differentiate smaller groupings of consistent drawing styles. Using the computer allowed for systematic and objective procedures to be used to obtain measures. The multinomial logistic regression showed high significance for all the traits except marginal significance for line length and no significance for depth. Binomial logistic regressions run on each pair of artists showed high significance for all the traits except depth. The combined positive results of the first MDS card sort and the binomial and multinomial regression analysis provide proof of concept and offer strong support towards the development of a model of style grammar for creative drawings. Implications for teaching drawing using the identified visual features and core traits are offered. The outcomes and analysis provided in this research currently support a general practice rule in design reuse and intelligent borrowing that suggests first smudge, then depth, then tone, and then line quality are the most significant elements to use for style comparison. Discussions for future research including improved measures and other types of perception testing are provided towards further development of the model.</p>

Design foundations: Towards a model of style grammar in creative drawing

<p>A style grammar is a principled rule set that governs the organization of very complex ideas. It allows for the examination of underlying structures which are often times obscured. Style grammars have been developed for many fields such as writing, fashion and architecture but to date there is no style grammar for creative drawing. The research identifies the necessary visual features and core traits associated with each feature towards developing such a model for creative drawings. Then operational measures are defined using the computer to extract and measure the core traits of those features towards developing a model of style grammar in drawing. These visual features include line, tone, and depth. Core traits include line length, line width, line expressiveness, local tone, global tone, texture, pattern, outline, shape, and position. A multidimensional scaling (MDS) using input from 27 subjects, 10 art experts and 17 novices, supported the overall list of visual features and added the dimension of smudge to the list. A second MDS sort discusses issues with images and large art categorical sorts from the standpoint of both human perception and machine measures that were obtained using feature extraction. It was concluded from the results of the second MDS that large art categories were too broad to be useful in evaluating measures to develop the model. Further analysis was run using only drawings from three artists, two impressionists to compare similarity and one expressionist for dissimilarity to determine if the machine measures of the core traits of the visual features were able to differentiate smaller groupings of consistent drawing styles. Using the computer allowed for systematic and objective procedures to be used to obtain measures. The multinomial logistic regression showed high significance for all the traits except marginal significance for line length and no significance for depth. Binomial logistic regressions run on each pair of artists showed high significance for all the traits except depth. The combined positive results of the first MDS card sort and the binomial and multinomial regression analysis provide proof of concept and offer strong support towards the development of a model of style grammar for creative drawings. Implications for teaching drawing using the identified visual features and core traits are offered. The outcomes and analysis provided in this research currently support a general practice rule in design reuse and intelligent borrowing that suggests first smudge, then depth, then tone, and then line quality are the most significant elements to use for style comparison. Discussions for future research including improved measures and other types of perception testing are provided towards further development of the model.</p>

Significance of Allotment Gardens in Urban Green Space Systems and Their Classification for Spatial Planning Purposes: A Case Study of Poznań, Poland

Almost five thousand allotment gardens divided into one million plots are used by roughly 10% of Polish society. Several studies have emphasized their social importance and significance for enlargement of the area and the integrity of urban spatial greenery systems. However, the area of allotment gardens in Polish cities has been decreasing since the changes in the post-communist country in the 1990s. There is a lack of a simple method of classification and valuation of allotment gardens in relation to their significance in urban green space systems that could be used by officials and city planners. Hence, this study aims to examine the significance of allotment gardens in the spatial development of the green space system of Poznań and classify them with a simple and universal method of valuation which could be used in urban planning. The location of allotment gardens in the urban green space system in Poznań was examined with the classification method elaborated here. It was based on the valuation of several internal and external features of individual allotment gardens. The results showed that allotment gardens are important areas and spatial elements of the green space system in Poznań. Over 30% of allotment gardens are of high significance in the green space system of the city. Nevertheless, according to urban planning documentation, there are plans to reduce the area of allotments in Poznań. Even gardens indicated in the research to be of high significance to the integrity and enlargement area of the urban green space system are planned to be liquidated. Use of the developed classification could influence the decision-making process regarding the liquidation of allotment gardens and preserve the most valuable objects.

Characteristics of the Levels of Mechanisation in Arc Welding

Improvement of quality, reduction of the subjective possibilities of faults may be facilitated with the help of the technically rational and economically justifiable mechanisation of productive serial production as well as the use of the wide range of hardware and software IT possibilities. Mechanisation is usually understood as the mechanisation of technological operations that may otherwise be performed by manual operations (human movements and effort). Mechanisation is therefore the substitution, in whole or in part, of manual labour with the help of specialised equipment and the mechanical operation of the various movements. The present article examines the particular features of mechanisation in the field of outstandingly high significance in industrial applications, i.e. arc welding, assisting the forms of training applied in the specialty area.

Photobiomodulation: a potential adjunctive obesity intervention a review

Obesity, a largely intractable health condition with incalculable health and financial and social costs and ramifications remains an immense challenge to mitigate effectively. Multiple interventions to offset obesity, while studied and implemented for many years, have generally failed to eliminate this growing global epidemic. Alternately, interventions that can offer hope, especially to those who are physically as well as emotionally challenged, with negative outcome expectations, would appear of high significance. Studied for over 40 years, various forms of light therapy are proving to be of possible adjunctive benefit in efforts to reduce excess weight. This mini review discusses some findings regarding photobiomodulation or light therapy and whether more intense study and evaluation will improve the overall obesity burden and outlook. Extracted from current literature, it is concluded that this is a field of significant promise

Conceptual Frameworks for Evaluating Diversity and Inclusion in Collegiate Recreation

Persistent evidence of inequitable experiences within collegiate recreation exists. Within the same field are multiple articulations of diversity and inclusion's high significance. The intersection of these contrasting ideas suggests there is a need to expand understanding of the role of diversity and inclusion in collegiate recreation. Exploring germane theoretical conceptualizations may allow for those stated goals to consistently align with practical outcomes, resulting in more equitable experiences for collegiate recreation's multiple stakeholders. Thus, the purpose of this article was to propose the integration of two conceptual frameworks which can be applied by researchers and practitioners to increase the scope and depth of understanding pertaining to engagement with diversity and inclusion.

CURRENT TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS OF PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES

The article analyzes the results of mergers and acquisitions of global pharmaceutical companies and their impact on the global pharmaceutical industry. The relevance of this research is determined by the high significance of mergers and acquisitions of global pharmaceutical companies on the global pharmaceutical industry and market. A comprehensive approach is used to assess the impact of mergers and acquisitions of pharmaceutical companies on the global pharmaceutical industry. The article presents statistical data on the volume and number of venture investments in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries. The reasons for mergers and acquisitions by pharmaceutical companies, as well as the dynamics of the activity of such transactions, are determined. The geographical structure of stock transactions and the total number of mergers and acquisitions of pharmaceutical companies are presented, as well as examples of the largest mergers and acquisitions of pharmaceutical companies.