Mutual Position of the Distal Fibular Physis and the Tibiotalar Joint Space - Radiological Typology and Clinical Significance

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Mortise view weight-bearing radiograph is widely used for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis of ankle. Thickness of the articular cartilage cannot be accurately evaluated in the evaluation of joint space from weight-bearing radiograph, because lateral tibiotalar joint space is maintained in valgus type osteoarthritis in some cases. There are few reports on the relation between osteophyte and the articular cartilage injury. We considered that it might be possible to estimate the cartilage injury more accurately by examining osteophytes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the location and grade of osteophytes in weight-bearing radiograph and cartilage injury in arthroscopic findings was analyzed. Methods: Twenty-one anklets of 21 patients consisted of 10 males and 10 females, with mean age of 61.4 years (31-79 years), who underwent arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis in our department were included. Weight-bearing radiograph were taken before surgery. Location and grade of osteophytes were evaluated using Ankle and Hindfoot Radiographic Osteoarthritis Scoring reported by Kraus et al. Arthroscopic findings were evaluated with International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Grade at a total of 20 sites (9 areas of tibia and talar in tibiotalar joint, medial malleolus and lateral malleolus). The correlation between radiographic findings and arthroscopic findings were analyzed. Results: In Mortise view, strong correlations were found between lateral tibial osteophyte grade and ICRS grade of the center (talus R = 0.69, tibia R = 0.76), the central lateral (tibia R = 0.79), the posterior center (talus R = 0.72, tibia R = 0.74) and the posterior lateral of the tibiotalar joint (talus R = 0.63, tibia R = 0.76). There are moderate correlations between distal fibular osteophyte grade and ICRS grade of the medial inner (tibia R = 0.74) and the posterior medial of the tibiotalar joint (talus R = 0.61, tibia = 0.63). In lateral view, there are moderate correlations between posterior talar osteophyte grade and ICRS grade at the center of the tibiotalar joint (talus R = 0.61, tibia R = 0.60). Conclusion: From this study, there was a strong correlation between location and grade osteophyte and the articular cartilage injury. Osteoarthritis progression is caused by degeneration of the cartilage because of the joint instability, and osteophytes were formed by traction force or impaction. This study showed that local cartilage injury is thought to be related to osteophytes. By evaluating the location and size of osteophytes, the articular cartilage injury might be predicted accurately before arthroscopic surgery.

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Arthrographic Study of the Communication between the Tarsal Joints in Crioulo Horses

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1688770 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (04) ◽

pp. 269-273

Author(s):

Marcelo V. Gehm ◽

Claudia A. Duarte ◽

Carla T. Leite ◽

Geórgia C. Góss ◽

Gabriela Döwich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Positive Contrast ◽

Joint Space ◽

Radiographic Images ◽

Tarsometatarsal Joint ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Therapeutic Procedures ◽

Intertarsal Joint ◽

Joint Space Loss

Abstract Objective The aim of the present study is to assess an arthrographic technique based on the access to the equine tarsus via distal intertarsal and on the existence and frequency of communication between distal and tarsocrural joints in the tarsus of Crioulo horses. Materials and Methods Fifty Crioulo horses of both sexes from 3 to 8 years old were included in the experiment. Animals with radiographic signs of tarsal osteoarthritis and joint space loss were excluded from the experiment. Contrast was injected in the distal intertarsal joint and radiographs were taken at two different times - Time 0 (after contrast application) and Time 1 (45 seconds after) to detect any communication between tarsal joints. The recorded results were analysed through chi-squared test. Results Thirty out of three hundred tarsi were excluded from the experiment since the radiographic images showed loss of the distal intertarsal joint space. Positive contrast was injected in distal intertarsal joint of 70/100 tarsi. There was not any contrast overflow in the 30/70 assessed tarsi. Contrast diffused to the tarsometatarsal joint in 32/70 of the assessed tarsi and reached tarsocrural joints in 8/70 tarsi. The adopted arthrographic technique was effective in data collection and evaluation; however, 52/70 of tarsi showed contrast overflow to the bursa of the cunean tendon. Clinical significance The communication between tarsocrural and distal tarsal joints in Crioulo horses was significantly higher, and this finding emphasizes the importance of performing contrasted arthrography before getting to a final diagnostic and defining therapeutic procedures.

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Width of the Medial Tibiotalar Joint

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1080/02841859709174379 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 520-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. Fiirgaard ◽

J. K. Iversen ◽

A. de Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Ankle Joint ◽

Plantar Flexion ◽

Joint Space ◽

Neutral Position ◽

Tibiotalar Joint ◽

Joint Injuries ◽

Left Ankle

Purpose: To determine the extent to which the width of the space in the medial tibiotalar joint depends on plantar flexion. Material and Methods: Thirty healthy volunteers were studied by means of a.p. roentgenograms of the left ankle both in a neutral position and in plantar flexion. Results: The medial joint space showed significant widening (average 0.65 mm) between the neutral position and plantar flexion. Conclusion: When ankle joint injuries are studied on radiographs, the position of the foot must be taken into consideration.

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Is There a Significant Relationship Between Tibiotalar Joint Space and Ankle Function Following Ankle Surgery?

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011418s00363 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 2473011418S0036

Author(s):

Jess Mullens ◽

Thomas Clanton ◽

Blake Daney ◽

Lauren Matheny

Keyword(s):

Pearson Correlation ◽

Joint Space ◽

Patient Counseling ◽

Ankle Arthritis ◽

Tibiotalar Joint ◽

Proper Patient Selection ◽

Radiographic Measurements ◽

Ankle Surgery ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ankle Function

Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: The ankle joint is unique in epidemiological, anatomic, and biomechanical characteristics compared to other lower extremity joints. While primary hip and knee arthritis is common, approximately 70% of ankle arthritis is generally a result of another initiating event or underlying pathologic process. Post-traumatic arthritis is the most common indication for ankle arthrodesis and total ankle replacement. Few studies have documented the relationship between preoperative tibiotalar joint space and outcomes. Understanding this relationship may aid in preoperative patient counseling of expectations, and proper patient selection. The purpose of this study was to determine whether patients with narrow joint space (<2.0 mm vs. > 2.0 mm) preoperatively had inferior outcomes, as measured by the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) score, at a postoperative minimum of two years. Methods: All patients who underwent ankle surgery and a preoperative ankle radiograph were included in this study. Radiographic measurements were taken on an ankle mortise film with appropriate magnification conversions. Medial, central, and lateral measurements were completed for each patient. Of the three measurements, the lowest value was used for analysis. Patients completed a subjective questionnaire at minimum of two years following ankle surgery, which included the FAAM Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Sport scales. All data were collected prospectively and stored in a data registry. The FAAM ADL and sport scores were compared between joint space cohorts (<2.0 mm vs. >2.0 mm) using an independent t-test. Correlations between the FAAM ADL and Sport scores and joint space were conducted using Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: There were 251 patients (145 males, 106 females) with an average age of 44.4 years included in this study. Average joint space in the <2.0 mm cohort was 0.60 mm (range 0–1.9) and 3.2 mm (range 2.0–5.3) in the >2 mm cohort. Average follow-up was 3.8 years (range 2.0–7.4). There was a significant difference in FAAM ADL and Sport scores between cohorts. Average FAAM ADL for the <2 mm cohort was 77 (37–100) and 86 (range 1–100) for the >2 mm cohort(p<.001). Average FAAM Sport for the <2 mm cohort was 43 (range 3–100) and 68 (range 0–100) for the >2 mm cohort(p<.001). There was a significant positive correlation between joint space millimeters and the FAAM ADL (?=.166, p=.009) and the FAAM Sport (?=.308, p<.001). Conclusion: It is important to counsel patients regarding their future outcome when discussing surgical procedures. Ankle radiographs are routinely performed in the clinical setting and allow quick interpretation compared to other advanced imaging modalities. In our study, patients who had joint space less than 2 mm had significantly lower ankle function as indicated by the FAAM ADL and Sport scores. There was a significant positive relationship between joint space and function. While a decreased joint space should not exclude a patient from obtaining relief from a surgical procedure, patients should be well educated on what to expect given their radiologic joint space.

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Joint space width of the tibiotalar joint in the healthy foot

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research ◽

10.1186/s13047-015-0086-5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kan Imai ◽

Kazuya Ikoma ◽

Masamitsu Kido ◽

Masahiro Maki ◽

Hiroyoshi Fujiwara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Joint Space Width ◽

Joint Space ◽

Tibiotalar Joint ◽

Space Width

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Role of the Small (40S) Subunits in the Structure of the Interface of Eukaryotic Ribosomes

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s1431927600002427 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 548-549

Author(s):

M. Boublik ◽

N. Robakis ◽

W. Hellmann ◽

F. Jenkins

Keyword(s):

Structural Similarity ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽

Peptide Bond ◽

Uranyl Acetate ◽

Mutual Orientation ◽

Mutual Position ◽

Peptide Bond Formation ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

Direct Technique ◽

Structural Details

Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein particles which process the genetic information coded in mRNA into protein synthesis. The analogy in function and composition of ribosomes from various sources, both prokaryotic and eukaryo-tic, imply a structural similarity. At present, high resolution electron microscopy is the most direct technique with a potential to resolve the extent of the structural homology of ribosomal particles at a macromolecular level. The structure of ribosomes is highly complex as a result of the large number of their constituents. In general, 80S eukaryotic monosomes consist of two uneven subunits - large (60S) and small (40S) - accomodating four different RNAs and approximately 80 different proteins. Mutual orientation of both subunits on the monosome is of particular interest because it determines the interface, the supposed site of interactions of ribosomes with other macro-molecules involved in peptide bond formation. Since entrapping of the contrasting solution (0.5% aqueous uranyl acetate) obscures all structural details in the interface, information on its architecture is limited to an indirect reconstruction based on the established 3-D structure of both sub-units and their mutual position after association.

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