Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Infectivity of Growth Hormone Derived from Human Pituitary Glands

1993 ◽  
Vol 328 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence J. Gibbs ◽  
David M. Asher ◽  
Paul W. Brown ◽  
Judith E. Fradkin ◽  
D. Carleton Gajdusek
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Jakob Disease

Using human growth hormone (somatropin)

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (25) ◽  
pp. 97-98
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Turner’S Syndrome ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Jakob Disease

Short stature was first treated in 1958 with growth hormone (GH) made from human pituitary glands.1 In 1985 biosynthetic GH was introduced after several young adults treated with GH in childhood had died from Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.2 The first biosynthetic GH somatrem (Somatonorm - KabiVitrum) contains an additional methionyl residue and is licensed for treating short stature of Turner’s syndrome as well as GH deficiency. A preparation identical to human GH is now available (somatropin (rbe); Genotropin - KabiVitrum). Who should have it?

THE EXTRACTION OF PROLACTIN FROM HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Apostolakis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
List Type ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Hormone Activity ◽  
Isoelectric Precipitation ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Prolactin Content ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A method for the extraction of prolactin from human pituitary glands is described. It is based on acetone drying, distilled water extraction, acetone and isoelectric precipitation. Two main products are obtained: Fraction R8 with a mean prolactin activity of 12.2 IU/mg and fraction U8 with a mean prolactin activity of 8.6 IU/mg. The former fraction does not contain any significant gonadotrophin activity and the latter contains on an average 50 HMG U/mg. In both cases contamination with ACTH and MSH is minimal. The growth hormone activity of both these fractions is low. It is postulated that in man too, prolactin and growth hormone are two distinct hormones. A total of 1250 human pituitary glands have been processed by this method. The mean prolactin content per pituitary gland has been found to be 73 IU.

A STUDY OF PROLACTIN-LIKE ACTIVITY IN INDIVIDUAL HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA M. NICHOLSON
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Human Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Prolactin ◽  
Individual Human

SUMMARY Polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis of aqueous extracts of individual human anterior pituitary glands failed to identify a protein with lactogenic activity which was characteristic of pregnancy and the post-partum period. Lactogenic activity, determined by a semi-quantitative rabbit mammary gland organ culture assay, was largely associated with the growth hormone fraction. The total prolactin activity of individual anterior pituitary glands was determined by a 'local' intradermal pigeon crop sac method. The glands from pregnant and parturient women did not contain a higher concentration of prolactin than those of men or non-pregnant non-lactating women. These results do not provide any evidence for the existence of a human pituitary prolactin distinct from growth hormone. Reasons for this are discussed.

scholarly journals Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease following human growth hormone therapy: case report

2002 ◽  
Vol 60 (2B) ◽  
pp. 458-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Otávio Sales Ferreira Caboclo ◽  
Nancy Huang ◽  
Guilherme Alves Lepski ◽  
José Antônio Livramento ◽  
Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Growth Hormone Therapy ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Autopsy Material ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
Mri Sequences

We report the case of a 41-year-old man with iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) acquired after the use of growth hormone (GH) obtained from a number of pituitary glands sourced from autopsy material. The incubation period of the disease (from the midpoint of treatment to the onset of clinical symptoms) was rather long (28 years). Besides the remarkable cerebellar and mental signs, the patient exhibited sleep disturbance (excessive somnolence) from the onset of the symptoms, with striking alteration of the sleep architecture documented by polysomnography. 14-3-3 protein was detected in the CSF, and MRI revealed increased signal intensity bilaterally in the striatum, being most evident in diffusion-weighted (DW-MRI) sequences. This is the second case of iatrogenic CJD associated with the use of GH reported in Brazil.

scholarly journals Receptors and Sites of Synthesis and Storage of γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Human Pituitary Glands and in Growth Hormone Adenomas

2005 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin End ◽  
Katia Gamel-Didelon ◽  
Heike Jung ◽  
Markus Tolnay ◽  
Dieter Lüdecke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
And Storage

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in United Kingdom patients treated with human pituitary growth hormone

Neurology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Swerdlow ◽  
C.D. Higgins ◽  
P. Adlard ◽  
M.E. Jones ◽  
M.A. Preece
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Growth Hormone ◽  
Jakob Disease

FRACTIONATION OF HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1659-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred E. Wilhelmi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Additional Amount ◽  
Pituitary Glands

A method of serial extraction of human pituitary glands is described. FSH, LH, and TSH are predominantly found in the first extract. A second extraction, under different conditions, yields principally growth hormone and some prolactin. A third extraction, under more extreme conditions of pH and temperature, yields, especially for acetone-preserved glands, an additional amount of growth hormone and the greater part of the prolactin. The method is presented as a contribution to the more efficient use of scarce and valuable human pituitaries.

scholarly journals Frequent Detection of Pituitary-Derived PrPres in Human Prion Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 922-929
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Honda ◽  
Masaki Matsumoto ◽  
Masahiro Shijo ◽  
Hideomi Hamasaki ◽  
Shoko Sadashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Prion Protein ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Cellular Prion Protein ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Jakob Disease

Abstract Human prion diseases including sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), inherited prion diseases, and acquired human prion diseases are lethal neurodegenerative diseases. One of the major sources of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was human growth hormone (hGH-iCJD) derived from contaminated cadaveric pituitaries. The incidence of hGH-iCJD has decreased since changing from growth hormone extracted from human cadaveric pituitaries to recombinant pituitary hormones. However, extensive analysis on the localization and detecting of abnormal prion protein in the pituitary gland are limited. In this study, we examined 9 autopsied brains and pituitary glands from 6 patients with prion disease (3 Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease, 2 sCJD, and 1 dura mater graft-associated CJD) and 3 individuals with nonprion diseases. Western blot analysis of pituitary samples demonstrated unique glycoforms of normal cellular prion protein with molecular weights of 30–40 kDa, which was higher than the typical 25–35 kDa prion protein in brains. Proteomic analysis also revealed prion protein approximately the molecular weight of 40 kDa in pituitary samples. Moreover, proteinase K-resistant Prion protein was frequently detected in pituitary samples of the prion diseases. Immunohistochemistry for Prion protein revealed mosaic cellular distribution preferentially in growth hormone- or prolactin-producing cells.

Growth hormone gene structure in human pituitary somatotrophinomas: promoter region sequence and methylation studies

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hüttner ◽  
E F Adams ◽  
M Buchfelder ◽  
R Fahlbusch
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Southern Blot Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Promoter Sequence ◽  
Growth Hormone Gene ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Region Sequence ◽  
Gh Gene ◽  
Pituitary Glands

ABSTRACT The structure of the GH gene in human somatotrophinomas was examined in terms of promoter region sequence and degree of methylation. In six tumours, the promoter sequence did not differ from that observed in the corresponding genomic (white blood cell-derived) DNA, suggesting that it is unlikely that excessive GH production is due to a point mutation within this region. In contrast, Southern blot analysis using the methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes HpaII and HhaI revealed lower levels of methylation of the GH gene in somatotrophinomas when compared with that found in DNA derived from normal pituitary glands. We conclude that hypomethylation of the GH gene in human somatotrophinomas may play at least a partial role in excessive GH production.

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