THE EXTRACTION OF PROLACTIN FROM HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Apostolakis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
List Type ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Hormone Activity ◽  
Isoelectric Precipitation ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Prolactin Content ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A method for the extraction of prolactin from human pituitary glands is described. It is based on acetone drying, distilled water extraction, acetone and isoelectric precipitation. Two main products are obtained: Fraction R8 with a mean prolactin activity of 12.2 IU/mg and fraction U8 with a mean prolactin activity of 8.6 IU/mg. The former fraction does not contain any significant gonadotrophin activity and the latter contains on an average 50 HMG U/mg. In both cases contamination with ACTH and MSH is minimal. The growth hormone activity of both these fractions is low. It is postulated that in man too, prolactin and growth hormone are two distinct hormones. A total of 1250 human pituitary glands have been processed by this method. The mean prolactin content per pituitary gland has been found to be 73 IU.

scholarly journals Variation in Weight of the Human Pituitary Gland in Different Age & Sex

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Mushfika Rahman ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Farhana Akter ◽  
Halima Afroz ◽  
Anjuman Ara Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Normal Functions ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Contrext: The pituitary gland produces several hormones that regulate growth, metabolism and reproduction. Deviations from the normal functions of the gland certainly derange the harmony of life. Therefore, this study is important to identify variation in the weight of human pituitary gland in relation to age and sex. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional analytical type of study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, on sixty (40 of male and 20 of female) human pituitary glands were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into four groups. i.e. Group-A (20-29 years), Group-B (30-39 years), Group-C (40-49 years) and Group-D (50-59 years). The weight of the gland with the stalk was measured by means of a digital electric balance. Results: In male the mean± SD weight of the pituitary gland was found 355.56 ± 49.78, 261.18 ± 52.31, 244.44 ± 51.26 and 210 ± 18.71 mg in group A, B, C and D respectively. In female the mean± SD weight was 381.11 ± 14.53 mg, 345 ± 19.27 mg and 313.33 ± 11.53 mg in group A, B, and C respectively. Conclusion: The weight of the pituitary gland showed gradual decreasing values with advancing age. The mean ± SD weight of male gland in this study was significantly lower than that of female glands. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i1.20505 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, January 2013, Vol. 11 No. 1 pp 25-29

Prolactin and Growth Hormone Concentrations in the Serum and Pituitary Gland of Adult Migratory Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. McKeown ◽  
A. P. van Overbeeke
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Seawater Sample ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Prolactin Content

When sockeye salmon entered the Fraser River the prolactin content of the serum and the pituitary gland was reduced by 27 and 36%, respectively. During migration to the spawning grounds the serum concentration increased considerably (81%), while the pituitary concentration was gradually restored to that of the first seawater sample. Serum concentration of growth hormone gradually increased during the migration (29%), while growth hormone in the pituitary glands initially decreased (13%) then increased (12%) as the fish approached the spawning grounds. The changes in prolactin concentrations appear to be related to a change in salinity, whereas growth hormone changes were unaltered at this time.

IMMUNOREACTIVE GROWTH HORMONE IN PLASMA AND URINE IN JUVENILE DIABETICS BEFORE AND DURING INITIAL INSULIN TREATMENT

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian F. Hanssen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Juvenile Diabetes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
List Type ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Juvenile Diabetics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Renal Tubular

ABSTRACT Twenty newly diagnosed, but as yet untreated patients of both sexes with classical juvenile diabetes were investigated by determining the mean plasma immunoreactive growth hormone (IRHGH) and urinary IRHGH for a 24 hour period before and during initial insulin treatment. The plasma IRHGH was significantly higher (0.05 > P > 0.01) before than during initial insulin treatment. During initial insulin treatment, the mean plasma IRHGH was significantly higher (0.01 > P > 0.001) than in a control group. The urinary IRHGH was significantly higher (0.01 > P > 0.001) before than during insulin treatment. The increased urinary IRHGH observed before insulin treatment is thought to be partly due to a defective renal tubular reabsorption of growth hormone. No significant correlation was found between the mean blood sugar and plasma or urinary IRHGH either before or during insulin treatment.

The corticotrophic cells of the canine pituitary gland in pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

1983 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. McNicol ◽  
H. Thomson ◽  
C. J. R. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Corticotrophic Cells

The distribution of specifically stained corticotrophic cells has been studied in the pituitary glands of 11 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. The results suggest that the disease is not a single entity, and that some cases are caused by primary abnormality of the pituitary gland whereas others appear to be the result of dysfunction of the hypothalamus or central nervous system. The patterns correspond closely to those demonstrated in the human pituitary gland in Cushing's disease, and confirm that the canine disease is a useful model for the study of the pathogenesis of the variants of the condition.

Human Pituitary Growth Hormone, by Allen W. Root, M.D. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C Thomas, 1972, 259 pp. $10.50

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-159
Author(s):  
Selna L. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Pituitary Growth Hormone ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Clinical Syndromes

This book, divided into four sections, provides a comprehensive review of the biochemical effects of growth hormone as well as the clinical syndromes associated with abnormalities of its secretion and metabolism. The book opens with a historical résumé of the "discovery" of this hormone, identification of its varied biologic actions, and isolation from the pituitary gland. The second part discusses the development of radioimmunoassay for measurement of growth hormone by Roth and associates and the subsequent surge in studies of the control mechanisms for the secretion of growth hormone.

Posttranscriptional regulation of rat growth hormone gene expression: increased message stability and nuclear polyadenylation accompany thyroid hormone depletion

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2624-2632
Author(s):  
D Murphy ◽  
K Pardy ◽  
V Seah ◽  
D Carter
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Growth Hormone Gene ◽  
Gh Gene ◽  
Rat Growth ◽  
Pituitary Glands

In thyroid hormone-depleted rats, the rate of transcription of the growth hormone (GH) gene in the anterior pituitary gland is lower than the rate in euthyroid controls, and there is a corresponding reduction in the abundance of the GH mRNA. Concomitantly, the poly(A) tail of the GH mRNA increases in length. Examination of nuclear RNA from anterior pituitary glands of control and thyroid hormone-depleted rats revealed no difference in the length of pre-mRNAs containing the first and last introns of the GH gene. However, mature nuclear GH RNA is differentially polyadenylated in euthyroid and hypothyroid animals. We suggest that the extent of polyadenylation of the GH transcript is regulated in the cell nucleus concomitant with or subsequent to the splicing of the pre-mRNA. Experiments with anterior pituitary gland explant cultures demonstrated that the GH mRNA from thyroid hormone-depleted rats is more stable than its euthyroid counterpart and that the poly(A) tail may contribute to the differential stability of free GH ribonucleoproteins.

A STUDY OF PROLACTIN-LIKE ACTIVITY IN INDIVIDUAL HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA M. NICHOLSON
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Human Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Prolactin ◽  
Individual Human

SUMMARY Polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis of aqueous extracts of individual human anterior pituitary glands failed to identify a protein with lactogenic activity which was characteristic of pregnancy and the post-partum period. Lactogenic activity, determined by a semi-quantitative rabbit mammary gland organ culture assay, was largely associated with the growth hormone fraction. The total prolactin activity of individual anterior pituitary glands was determined by a 'local' intradermal pigeon crop sac method. The glands from pregnant and parturient women did not contain a higher concentration of prolactin than those of men or non-pregnant non-lactating women. These results do not provide any evidence for the existence of a human pituitary prolactin distinct from growth hormone. Reasons for this are discussed.

scholarly journals Receptors and Sites of Synthesis and Storage of γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Human Pituitary Glands and in Growth Hormone Adenomas

2005 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin End ◽  
Katia Gamel-Didelon ◽  
Heike Jung ◽  
Markus Tolnay ◽  
Dieter Lüdecke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
And Storage

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Infectivity of Growth Hormone Derived from Human Pituitary Glands

1993 ◽  
Vol 328 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence J. Gibbs ◽  
David M. Asher ◽  
Paul W. Brown ◽  
Judith E. Fradkin ◽  
D. Carleton Gajdusek
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Jakob Disease
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