scholarly journals Whither geographic proximity? Bypassing local R&D units in foreign university collaboration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Belderbos ◽  
Marcelina Grabowska ◽  
Stijn Kelchtermans ◽  
Bart Leten ◽  
Jojo Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Theory Of The Firm ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Research Collaborations ◽  
Knowledge Diversity ◽  
Rival Firms ◽  
Foreign Universities ◽  
Research Domain

AbstractMNCs often engage in international research collaborations with foreign universities through one of their central R&D laboratories (at headquarters or elsewhere) even though they operate a local R&D unit close to that university, and hence forego the benefits of geographic proximity and local collaboration. Drawing on the knowledge-based theory of the firm, we hypothesize that the choice between distant and local collaboration systematically relates to the knowledge capabilities of the firms’ R&D units, the characteristics of the focal knowledge, and local knowledge leakage risks. Analysis of close to 13,000 research collaborations with foreign universities by the world’s major biopharmaceutical firms (1995–2015) confirms that collaboration at distance occurs if this allows the firm to benefit from scale and knowledge diversity advantages, if the central unit has strong basic research capabilities, and if collaboration is in a core research domain of the MNC while rival firms are locally present. Maturity of the focal research domain is associated with local collaboration. Our findings qualify the common arguments in favor of collaboration in proximity and suggest that (distant) central R&D units are important orchestrators of research collaboration with universities around the globe.

scholarly journals Multidisciplinary collaboration among young specialists: results of an international survey by the emerging EULAR network and other young organisations

RMD Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e001398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Najm ◽  
Marie Kostine ◽  
John D Pauling ◽  
Ana Carina Ferreira ◽  
Kate Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Multidisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Collective Work ◽  
Research Collaborations ◽  
Complex Patients ◽  
Multidisciplinary Meetings

BackgroundMultidisciplinary collaboration is defined as a collective work involving multiple disciplines and is common in clinical care and research. Our aim was to describe current clinical and research collaboration among young specialists and to identify unmet needs in this area.MethodsAn online survey was disseminated by email and social media to members of the EMerging EUlar NETwork, the Young Nephrologists’ Platform, the Paediatric Rheumatology European Society Emerging Rheumatologists and Researchers and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Junior Members.ResultsOf 303 respondents from 36 countries, 61% were female, 21% were aged below 30 years and 67% were aged 31–40 years. Young rheumatologists were the most represented (39%), followed by young nephrologists (24%), young paediatricians (20%), young allergologists (11%) then young internists (3%) and 3% other specialities. Collaborations were reported frequently by phone and email, also by various combined clinics while common local multidisciplinary meetings were uncommon. 96% would like to develop clinical research collaborations and 69% basic research collaborations. The majority of young specialists would be interested in online (84%) and/or 1–2 days (85%) common courses including case discussion (81%) and training workshops (85%), as well as webinars recorded with several specialists on a specific disease (96%).ConclusionsThis collaborative initiative highlighted wishes from young specialists for developing (1) regular local multidisciplinary meetings to discuss complex patients, (2) clinical research collaboration with combined grants and (3) multidisciplinary online projects such as common courses, webinars and apps.

Developing a Guideline of Good Practice in a North–South Health Research Collaboration: A Participatory Approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Jentsch ◽  
Julia Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Health Research ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
International Health ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Research Collaborations ◽  
Open Relationships ◽  
Reference Document

North–South health research collaborations have a colonial history, and a contested presence in which organisations from resource-poor countries depend on collaborations with grant-holding institutions from affluent countries. Despite this sensitive context, there is a remarkable lack of guidance to support North–South health research collaborations in a comprehensive manner. A reference document of practical advice can establish standards from the beginning, thereby promoting equitable and open relationships. This article explains the process and some results of the development of such a document – a Guideline of Good Practice (GGP)– for the international health research collaboration Initiative for Maternal Mortality Programme Assessment (IMMPACT).

The Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm and the Question of Firm Boundaries

2013 ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Pedro López Sáez ◽  
José Emilio Navas López ◽  
Gregorio Martín de Castro ◽  
Jorge Cruz González
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of The Firm ◽  
Firm Boundaries ◽  
Knowledge Based

scholarly journals Measuring quality and outcomes of research collaborations: An integrative review

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 261-289
Author(s):  
Beth B. Tigges ◽  
Doriane Miller ◽  
Katherine M. Dudding ◽  
Joyce E. Balls-Berry ◽  
Elaine A. Borawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Psychometric Testing ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Team Science ◽  
Research Collaborations ◽  
Collaboration Quality ◽  
Quality And Outcomes ◽  
Science Of Team Science

AbstractIntroduction:Although the science of team science is no longer a new field, the measurement of team science and its standardization remain in relatively early stages of development. To describe the current state of team science assessment, we conducted an integrative review of measures of research collaboration quality and outcomes.Methods:Collaboration measures were identified using both a literature review based on specific keywords and an environmental scan. Raters abstracted details about the measures using a standard tool. Measures related to collaborations with clinical care, education, and program delivery were excluded from this review.Results:We identified 44 measures of research collaboration quality, which included 35 measures with reliability and some form of statistical validity reported. Most scales focused on group dynamics. We identified 89 measures of research collaboration outcomes; 16 had reliability and 15 had a validity statistic. Outcome measures often only included simple counts of products; publications rarely defined how counts were delimited, obtained, or assessed for reliability. Most measures were tested in only one venue.Conclusions:Although models of collaboration have been developed, in general, strong, reliable, and valid measurements of such collaborations have not been conducted or accepted into practice. This limitation makes it difficult to compare the characteristics and impacts of research teams across studies or to identify the most important areas for intervention. To advance the science of team science, we provide recommendations regarding the development and psychometric testing of measures of collaboration quality and outcomes that can be replicated and broadly applied across studies.

Knowledge Management in Governance

2006 ◽  
pp. 278-291
Author(s):  
Petter Gottschalk
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Theory Of The Firm ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Corporate Goals ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
A Company

The knowledge-based view of the firm has established itself as an important perspective in strategic management. This perspective builds on the resource-based theory of the firm. The knowledge-based view of the firm implies that information systems are designed to support knowledge management in organizations. Knowledge management can be defined as a method to simplify and improve the process of sharing, distributing, creating, capturing, and understanding knowledge in a company. Knowledge management is description, organization, sharing, and development of knowledge in a firm. Knowledge management is managing knowledge-intensive activities in a company. Knowledge management refers to identifying and leveraging the collective knowledge in a company to help the company compete. Knowledge management is a method for achieving corporate goals by collecting, creating and synthesizing and sharing information, insights, reflections, thoughts, and experience. Knowledge management is a discipline focused on systematic and innovative methods, practices, and tools for managing the generation, acquisition, exchange, protection, distribution, and utilization of knowledge, intellectual capital, and intangible assets (Montana, 2000). The purpose of knowledge management is to help companies create, share and use knowledge more effectively. Effective knowledge management causes fewer errors, less work, more independence in time and space for knowledge workers, fewer questions, better decisions, less reinventing of wheels, improved customer relations, improved service, and improved profitability. Knowledge management is purported to increase both innovation and responsiveness. The recent interest in organizational knowledge has prompted the issue of managing knowledge to the organization’s benefit (Alavi & Leidner, 2001).

Sharing Knowledge in Strategic Alliances to Build Collaborative Advantage

2006 ◽  
pp. 92-121
Author(s):  
Fátima Guadamillas Gomez ◽  
Mario Javier Donate Manzanares ◽  
Jesús David Sánchez de Pablo González del Campo
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Collaborative Advantage ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Diversity ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Collaborative Activities

This chapter studies the transmission and sharing of knowledge in strategic alliances. First of all, the authors explain the existence of alliances from different theoretical perspectives. They argue that resource and knowledge-based views of the firm offer an adequate approach for the understanding of social and strategic aspects involved in the achieving of a collaborative advantage. Secondly, they examine information technology (IT) tools that are critical for enabling and supporting information and knowledge-sharing processes among partners. Also, they emphasize other important problems that make the effective development of collaborative activities and knowledge sharing in strategic alliances difficult: distrust between partners and cultural barriers in relation to collaboration; the excessive technological and knowledge diversity or similarity among partners that makes learning more difficult; and the governance structure of the alliance. Finally, some practical solutions are proposed: the correct use of IT tools, some organizational measures, human resource practices, and the limitation of the scope of the agreement.

scholarly journals Academic research in emerging knowledge-based economies

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandanie Hadiwattege ◽  
Sepani Senaratne ◽  
Yasangika Sandanayake ◽  
Nirodha Gayani Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Research Collaborations ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy

Purpose Knowledge-based economies are popular in the present world. Simultaneously, universities are becoming more responsible for leading economic development through research. As a key contributor to the national economy, it is vital for the construction industry to move beyond outdated practices, and hence, reviewing the role of academic research in empowering the construction industry with knowledge is essential. The purpose of this paper is to focus on how relevant theories conceptualise the expected role of academic research in the innovative development of an industry and the specific location in the Sri Lankan construction industry. Design/methodology/approach Following a comprehensive literature review, empirical data were collected from the Sri Lankan context with a mixed approach informed by a pragmatist philosophical stance. The perspective of academia and industry practitioners were deductively obtained through surveys and inductively explored through qualitative interviews. Findings This study provides evidence that academic research in Sri Lanka does not contribute effectively to innovative construction management. Due to the absence of industry-focussed knowledge dissemination strategies, the academic–industry relationships are mostly non-research based. The industry lacks in research-informed-decision making, leading to lesser innovations. Research limitations/implications The research conclusions are more applicable to the developing country construction industry contexts. Practical implications The research urges the need for improved academic–industry research collaborations and strategic knowledge dissemination movements. Originality/value The research confirms that academic research is a major integral part of the developing construction industry in a knowledge-based economy. In establishing the expected role of academic research, the research revealed the current practice to be under-located. Hence, the research prescribes the necessary actions; research collaborations in major and subsequent requirements.

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