Large Water‐Hammer Pressures for Column Separation in Pipelines

1991 ◽  
Vol 117 (10) ◽  
pp. 1310-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus R. Simpson ◽  
E. Benjamin Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Water Hammer ◽  
Column Separation ◽  
Large Water

Water Hammer and Column Separation Due to Accidental Simultaneous Closure of Control Valves in a Large Scale Two-Phase Flow Experimental Test Rig

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Bergant ◽  
Jos M. C. van ’t Westende ◽  
Tiit Koppel ◽  
Janez Gale ◽  
Qingzhi Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Hammer ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Transient Event ◽  
Control Valves ◽  
Column Separation ◽  
Pipe Joints ◽  
Large Water

A large-scale pipeline test rig at Deltares, Delft, The Netherlands has been used for filling and emptying experiments. Tests have been conducted in a horizontal 250 mm diameter PVC pipe of 258 m length with control valves at the downstream and upstream ends. This paper investigates the accidental simultaneous closure of two automatic control valves during initial testing of the test rig. The simultaneous closure of both valves has induced upsurge and downsurge at the same time. Large water hammer and column separation have caused failure of pipe supports and leakage at pipe joints. The incident was caused by a fault in an electronic conversion box due to power failure. Afterwards the downstream end automatic valve has been modified to a manually operated valve to avoid the accidental simultaneous closure of the valves. The accidental transient event has been fully recorded with pressures, flow rates and water levels. The measurements of the accident are presented, analyzed and discussed in detail. Photographs show the damages to the system.

scholarly journals Water Hammer Simulation Method in Pressurized Pipeline with a Moving Isolation Device

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1794
Author(s):  
Kang Zhang ◽  
Wei Zeng ◽  
Angus R. Simpson ◽  
Shimin Zhang ◽  
Chao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Water Hammer ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Mutual Independence ◽  
Space Step ◽  
Complex Boundary ◽  
Large Water ◽  
Isolation Device ◽  
Subsea Pipelines

Smart isolation devices (SIDs) are commonly used in pressurized subsea pipelines that need to be maintained or repaired. The sudden stoppage of the SID may cause large water hammer pressures, which may threaten both the pipeline and the SID. This paper proposes a simulation method by using a coupled dynamic mesh technique to simulate water hammer pressures in the pipeline. Unlike other water hammer simulations, this method is the first to be used in the simulation in pipelines with a moving object. The implicit method is applied to model the moving SID since it has the mutual independence between the space step and the time step. The movement of the SID is achieved by updating the size of the computational meshes close to the SID at each time step. To improve the efficiency of the simulation and the ability of handling complex boundary conditions, the pipe sections far away from the SID can also be simulated by using the explicit Method of Characteristics (MOC). Verifications were conducted using the simulated results from the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation. Two scenarios have been studied and the comparisons between the simulated results by using the dynamic meshes in 1D methods and those by the CFD simulation show a high correlation, thus validating the new method proposed in this paper.

Study on Setting of One-Way Surge Tank in Long Water Supply Engineering

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyong Hu ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Weihua Lu ◽  
Shibo Ma
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Water Hammer ◽  
Surge Tank ◽  
Proper Place ◽  
Column Separation ◽  
Important Measure ◽  
Engineering Principle

One-way surge tank is an important measure of water hammer protection in long water supply engineering. It can control the negative pressure efficiently and prevent pipeline from column separation. Setting one-way surge tank in proper place along pipeline is relative to the safety of long water supply engineering. Principle of Setting one-way surge tank is made through theoretical analysis detailedly. It is obviously that result of theoretical analysis is conservative because attenuation of water hammer is ignored, but theoretical analysis provide an proper approach for setting one-way surge tank. Based on result of theoretical analysis, optimization setting is obtained through numerical simulation.

A New Method for Numerical Prediction of Liquid Column Separation Accompanying Hydraulic Transients in Pipelines

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Adamkowski ◽  
Mariusz Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Water Hammer ◽  
Liquid Column ◽  
New Method ◽  
Cavity Model ◽  
Vapor Cavity ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Column Separation ◽  
Prediction Reliability

The paper presents a new method for calculating pressure fluctuations in pipelines during a water hammer with liquid column separation. The method is based on the discrete-vapor-cavity model which assumes that vaporous cavities are formed in every computational section of the pipeline whenever the pressure drops to the vapor pressure at a given temperature. The method brings a significant improvement in prediction reliability as compared with the methods known so far. It eliminates disadvantages of basic methods used in practice — this is proved by comparisons between calculations made for several study cases. It is expected that the proposed method will become the main method in commercial codes used for simulating water hammer with the liquid column separation.

G0500-5-6 Water hammer with column separation in viscoelastic pipes

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010.2 (0) ◽  
pp. 307-308
Author(s):  
Yuki HORI ◽  
Hiroki SASADA ◽  
Masahiro KAMEYAMA ◽  
Katsuhiro YAmAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Water Hammer ◽  
Column Separation

scholarly journals Experimental Assessment of Water Hammer-Induced Column Separation in Oil-Hydraulic Pipe Flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Jansson ◽  
Magnus Andersson ◽  
Maria Pettersson ◽  
Matts Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Water Hammer ◽  
Hydraulic Test ◽  
Delay Reduction ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Column Separation ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Good Repeatability ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Future Work

Cavitation erosion through water hammer and column separation is a major concern in hydraulic applications such as percussive rock drilling. Cavitation aspects must be considered both in early and late design stages, which require deep knowledge and tools for prediction. In this study, an oil-hydraulic test equipment for water hammer assessment was designed using state-of-the-art simulation tools. Several tests were performed, with and without column separation, showing good repeatability on measured pressures. At higher flow rates, column separation was the dominating feature and several high-pressure peaks with subsequent time delay reduction could be observed. These patterns were affected by the oil temperature, with most substantial changes at lower temperature ranges (<32 °C). Standard transmission line simulations managed to predict the water hammer, but as expected not the column separation, which is the theme of future work using this setup.

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