Modeling the Initial Stresses in Prestressed Concrete Members under Torsion

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chyuan-Hwan Jeng ◽  
Hao-Jan Chiu ◽  
Cho-Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Initial Stresses ◽  
Concrete Members

A softened membrane model for prestressed concrete composite box girders with corrugated steel webs under pure torsion

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kongjian Shen ◽  
Shui Wan ◽  
YL Mo ◽  
Xiayuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Membrane Model ◽  
Initial Stresses ◽  
Convergence Criteria ◽  
Pure Torsion ◽  
Box Girders ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Torsional Analysis

Torsion can be regarded as a principal factor in some cases, such as in curved girders and eccentrically loaded girders, when conducting the structural analysis of prestressed concrete composite box girders with corrugated steel webs. Recently, a rational model, called the softened membrane model for torsion, was proposed for the torsional analysis of reinforced concrete members; thereafter, this model was extended to prestressed concrete members under pure torsion and called softened membrane model for torsion prestressed concrete. This article presents a modified model, the softened membrane model for torsion prestressed concrete for prestressed concrete composite box girders with corrugated steel webs, to analyze full torsional behavior. To build the model, the softened membrane model for torsion in reinforced concrete members is first extended to perform the torsional analysis of prestressed concrete composite box girders with corrugated steel webs by incorporating the torsional contribution of corrugated steel webs. Afterward, the initial stresses and strains due to prestressing are considered to extend the softened membrane model for torsion to softened membrane model for torsion prestressed concrete for prestressed concrete composite box girders with corrugated steel webs by modifying the equilibrium equations, convergence criteria, and constitutive laws of materials. The modified model is validated by experimental data and is proven to be capable of predicting the overall torque–twist curve, especially the precracked branch and postcracked ascending branch. In addition, a comparison between the softened membrane model for torsion and softened membrane model for torsion prestressed concrete indicates that the torque values before and after concrete cracking will be overestimated and underestimated, respectively, without considering the effect of the initial stresses and strains. Finally, another comparison shows that the softened membrane model for torsion prestressed concrete is superior to the rotating-angle truss model for torsion in its ability to predict the precracked branch of the torque–twist curve.

Flexural design of precast, prestressed ultra-high-performance concrete members

PCI Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-61
Author(s):  
Chungwook Sim ◽  
Maher Tadros ◽  
David Gee ◽  
Micheal Asaad
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Cylinder Strength

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is a special concrete mixture with outstanding mechanical and durability characteristics. It is a mixture of portland cement, supplementary cementitious materials, sand, and high-strength, high-aspect-ratio microfibers. In this paper, the authors propose flexural design guidelines for precast, prestressed concrete members made with concrete mixtures developed by precasters to meet minimum specific characteristics qualifying it to be called PCI-UHPC. Minimum specified cylinder strength is 10 ksi (69 MPa) at prestress release and 18 ksi (124 MPa) at the time the member is placed in service, typically 28 days. Minimum flexural cracking and tensile strengths of 1.5 and 2 ksi (10 and 14 MPa), respectively, according to ASTM C1609 testing specifications are required. In addition, strain-hardening and ductility requirements are specified. Tensile properties are shown to be more important for structural optimization than cylinder strength. Both building and bridge products are considered because the paper is focused on capacity rather than demand. Both service limit state and strength limit state are covered. When the contribution of fibers to capacity should be included and when they may be ignored is shown. It is further shown that the traditional equivalent rectangular stress block in compression can still be used to produce satisfactory results in prestressed concrete members. A spreadsheet workbook is offered online as a design tool. It is valid for multilayers of concrete of different strengths, rows of reinforcing bars of different grades, and prestressing strands. It produces moment-curvature diagrams and flexural capacity at ultimate strain. A fully worked-out example of a 250 ft (76.2 m) span decked I-beam of optimized shape is given.

Evaluation of the expansion attained to date by concrete affected by alkali–silica reaction. Part III: Application to existing structures

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc-André Bérubé ◽  
Nizar Smaoui ◽  
Benoit Fournier ◽  
Benoit Bissonnette ◽  
Benoit Durand
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Alkali Silica Reaction ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Crack Widths ◽  
Concrete Petrography ◽  
Made In

The expansion attained by a concrete affected by alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is an important parameter in the evaluation of the corresponding structure. In part I, relationships were established in the laboratory between the ASR expansion and the stiffness damage test (SDT), the damage rating index (DRI), and the cumulated width of cracks observed at the surface of concrete specimens made with various types of reactive aggregates. In part II, these relationships were verified in the case of specimens made in laboratory but exposed outdoors. In part III, the aforementioned methods were applied to three ASR-affected structures. The measurement of crack widths at the surface of the affected members allowed a rather good estimation of the concrete expansion, provided the measurements were taken on the most severely exposed sections of these members. The DRI did not allow differentiating the most visually and mechanically affected concretes from the least affected concretes. The SDT proved to be the most interesting method to date for evaluating the expansion of ASR-affected concrete; however, it seemed to underestimate the expansion of the prestressed concrete members investigated.Key words: aggregates, alkali–silica reaction, concrete, petrography, expansion, stiffness, cracking.

Thin-Walled Prestressed Concrete Members under Combined Loading

1996 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Luccioni ◽  
J. C. Reimundín ◽  
R. Danesi
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Thin Walled
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