Recent developments in measurement and tracking of the APS storage ring beam emittance

The evolution of synchrotron radiation (SR) sources and related sciences is discussed to explain the ‘generation’ of the SR sources. Most of the contemporary SR sources belong to the third generation, where the storage rings are optimized for the use of undulator radiation. The undulator development allowed to reduction of the electron energy of the storage ring necessary for delivering 10 keV X-rays from the initial 6–8 GeV to the current 3 Gev. Now is the transitional period from the double-bend-achromat lattice-based storage ring to the multi-bend-achromat lattice to achieve much smaller electron beam emittance. Free electron lasers are the other important accelerator-based light sources which recently reached hard X-ray regime by using self-amplified spontaneous emission scheme. Future accelerator-based X-ray sources should be continuous wave X-ray free electron lasers and pulsed X-ray free electron lasers. Some pathways to reach the future case are discussed. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Fifty years of synchrotron science: achievements and opportunities’.

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The Siam Photon Laboratory

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation ◽

10.1107/s0909049597018335 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 1173-1175 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Weerapong Pairsuwan ◽

Takehiko Ishii

Keyword(s):

Synchrotron Radiation ◽

Engineering Design ◽

Light Source ◽

Storage Ring ◽

Research Project ◽

Design Work ◽

Beam Emittance ◽

Detailed Design ◽

Experimental Hall ◽

Radiation Research

A synchrotron radiation research project, the Siam Photon Project, is underway in Thailand. The light source used in the project is the modified SORTEC storage ring. The project and simple aspects of the light source are described. The detailed design of the building to accommodate the experimental hall and the light source has been accomplished and the construction will start soon. The engineering design work of the machine components necessary for the modifications to reduce the beam emittance and to make the installation of insertion devices possible is underway.

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APS Insertion Devices: Recent Developments and Results

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation ◽

10.1107/s0909049597013769 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 189-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Efim Gluskin

Keyword(s):

Storage Ring ◽

Magnetic Measurements ◽

Closed Orbit ◽

Vacuum Chambers ◽

Spectral Diagnostics ◽

Spectral Flux ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Magnetic Tuning ◽

Photon Source ◽

Good Agreement

The Advanced Photon Source (APS) now has a total of 23 insertion devices (IDs). Over two-thirds of them are installed on the storage ring. The installed devices include 18, 27 and 55 mm-period undulators; an 85 mm-period wiggler; a 16 cm-period elliptical multipole wiggler; and many 33 mm-period undulators. Most of the IDs occupy storage-ring straight sections equipped with 8 mm vertical-aperture vacuum chambers. All of the IDs were measured magnetically at the APS and, in most cases, underwent a final magnetic tuning in order to minimize variation in the various integrals of the field through the ID over the full gap range. Special shimming techniques to correct magnetic field parameters in appropriate gap-dependent ways were developed and applied. Measurements of the closed-orbit distortion as a function of the ID gap variation have been completed, and results are in a good agreement with magnetic measurements. Spectral diagnostics of the ID radiation, including measurements of the absolute spectral flux, brilliance and polarization, show excellent agreement between calculated and measured results. Studies of the sensitivity of IDs to radiation exposure and measurements of the dose rate received by the IDs are in progress.

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BEAM OPTICS SIMULATION OF RARE-RI RING AT RI BEAM FACTORY IN RIKEN

International Journal of Modern Physics E ◽

10.1142/s0218301309012550 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (02) ◽

pp. 498-504 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

I. ARAI ◽

A. OZAWA ◽

Y. YASUDA ◽

T. FUJINAWA ◽

N. FUKUNISHI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Storage Ring ◽

Computational Time ◽

Beam Optics ◽

Momentum Range ◽

Beam Emittance ◽

Magnetic Sector ◽

Beam Trajectory ◽

Ri Beam ◽

The Magnetic Field ◽

Total Circulation

The cyclotron-like storage ring dedicated to Rare-RI Ring project consists of 6 magnetic sectors and 6 straight sections, having a circumference of 56.13 m. The magnetic sector works for both bending and focusing. The total circulation is assumed to be 1,000 turns. Over the momentum range from -1% to +1% in ∆p/p, the required isochronisity is 10-6 while the beam emittance is sevaral tens of π mm-mrad. To examine the design of cyclotron-like storage ring and fix its parameters, we have developed a high precision beam optics simulation. To achieve the precision as high as possible within a feasible computational time, we have adopted a geometrical tracking assuming a circular orbit for a small spatial segment. For that purpose, it is enough that the magnetic sector is divided into 150 sub-sectors in calculation. In each sub-sector, the magnetic field is given as a function of radial position but uniform around the vicinity of beam trajectory. The beam trajectory is evaluated in 4th order Runge-Kutta algorithm. Finally, we have achieved a precision of 10-9 in ∆T/T and a computational time of 1.8 sec on a typical PC server for ray tracing of single particle undergoing a circulation of 1,000 turns.

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Magnet design for a low-emittance storage ring

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation ◽

10.1107/s160057751401666x ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 884-903 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Martin Johansson ◽

Bengt Anderberg ◽

Lars-Johan Lindgren

Keyword(s):

Storage Ring ◽

Field Measurement ◽

Block Design ◽

Point Of View ◽

Cnc Machining ◽

Design Solution ◽

Magnetic Field Measurement ◽

Fixed Cost ◽

Beam Emittance ◽

Magnet Design

The MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring, currently under construction, pursues the goal of low electron beam emittance by using a multi-bend achromat magnet lattice, which is realised by having several consecutive magnet elements precision-machined out of a common solid iron block, 2.3–3.4 m long. With this magnet design solution, instead of having 1320 individual magnets, the MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring is built up using 140 integrated `magnet block' units, containing all these magnet elements. Major features of this magnet block design are compactness, vibration stability and that the alignment of magnet elements within each unit is given by the mechanical accuracy of the CNC machining rather than individual field measurement and adjustment. This article presents practical engineering details of implementing this magnet design solution, and mechanical + magnetic field measurement results from the magnet production series. At the time of writing (spring 2014), the production series, which is totally outsourced to industry, is roughly half way through, with mechanical/magnetic QA conforming to specifications. It is the conclusion of the authors that the MAX IV magnet block concept, which has sometimes been described as new or innovative, is from a manufacturing point of view simply a collection of known mature production methods and measurement procedures, which can be executed at fixed cost with a low level of risk.

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Laser-slicing at a low-emittance storage ring

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation ◽

10.1107/s1600577519009901 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 1523-1538

Author(s):

Simone Di Mitri ◽

William Barletta ◽

Anna Bianco ◽

Ivan Cudin ◽

Bruno Diviacco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Storage Ring ◽

Laser Power ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Beam Emittance ◽

X Ray ◽

Average Laser Power ◽

Spectral Separation ◽

Order Of Magnitude ◽

Transverse Gradient ◽

Low Emittance

Laser-slicing at a diffraction-limited storage ring light source in the soft X-ray region is investigated with theoretical and numerical modelling. It turns out that the slicing efficiency is favoured by the ultra-low beam emittance, and that slicing can be implemented without interference to the standard multi-bunch operation. Spatial and spectral separation of the sub-picosecond radiation pulse from a hundreds of picosecond-long background is achieved by virtue of 1:1 imaging of the radiation source. The spectral separation is enhanced when the radiator is a transverse gradient undulator. The proposed configuration applied to the Elettra 2.0 six-bend achromatic lattice envisages total slicing efficiency as high as 10−7, one order of magnitude larger than the demonstrated state-of-the-art, at the expense of pulse durations as long as 0.4 ps FWHM and average laser power as high as ∼40 W.

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