Two‐State Model versus Continuum Model for Liquid Water

1969 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 566-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schiffer
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Water ◽  
Continuum Model ◽  
State Model ◽  
Model Versus ◽  
Two State Model

scholarly journals The anomalies and criticality of liquid water

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (43) ◽  
pp. 26591-26599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Shi ◽  
Hajime Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Water ◽  
Liquid Structure ◽  
State Model ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Local Structures ◽  
Accessible Region ◽  
Dynamical Fluctuation ◽  
No Man's Land ◽  
Thermodynamic Anomalies ◽  
Two State Model

The origin of water’s anomalies has been a matter of long-standing debate. A two-state model, dating back to Röntgen, relies on the dynamical coexistence of two types of local structures—locally favored tetrahedral structure (LFTS) and disordered normal-liquid structure (DNLS)—in liquid water. Phenomenologically, this model not only explains water’s thermodynamic anomalies but also can rationalize the existence of a liquid–liquid critical point (LLCP) if there is a cooperative formation of LFTS. We recently found direct evidence for the coexistence of LFTS and DNLS in the experimental structure factor of liquid water. However, the existence of the LLCP and its impact on water’s properties has remained elusive, leaving the origin of water’s anomalies unclear. Here we propose a unique strategy to locate the LLCP of liquid water. First, we make a comprehensive analysis of a large set of experimental structural, thermodynamic, and dynamic data based on our hierarchical two-state model. This model predicts that the two thermodynamic and dynamical fluctuation maxima lines should cross at the LLCP if it exists, which we confirm by hundred-microsecond simulations for model waters. Based on recent experimental results of the compressibility and diffusivity measurements in the no man’s land, we reveal that the two lines cross around 184 K and 173 MPa for real water, suggesting the presence of the LLCP around there. Nevertheless, we find that the criticality is almost negligible in the experimentally accessible region of liquid water because it is too far from the LLCP. Our findings would provide a clue to settle the long-standing debate.

Raman spectrum of liquid water and Luck's two state model

1990 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Shivaglal ◽  
Surjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectrum ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
State Model ◽  
Two State Model

Structure of liquid water: Is the two-state model operative?

2011 ◽  
Vol 508 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 210-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Gliński ◽  
Andrzej Burakowski
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Water ◽  
State Model ◽  
Two State Model ◽  
Structure Of Liquid

Polarographic studies on renaturation of urea-denatured human serum albumin

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 536-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Chmelík ◽  
Pavel Anzenbacher ◽  
Vítěz Kalous
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Irreversible Process ◽  
State Model ◽  
Native Protein ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Two State Model ◽  
Kinetics Of

The renaturation of the two main components of human serum albumin, i.e. of mercaptalbumin and nonmercaptalbumin, was studied polarographically. It has been demonstrated that renaturation of both proteins after 1-min denaturation in 8M urea is reversible. By contrast, renaturation after 200 min denaturation in 8M urea is an irreversible process; the characteristics of renatured mercaptalbumin differ more from the properties of the native protein than the characteristics of nonmercaptalbumin. The studies of the kinetics of renaturation of both proteins have shown that the renaturation can be represented by a two-state model. This means that the existence of stable intermediary products during the renaturation process was not determined polarographically.

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