An x-ray topographic study of diamond anvils: Correlation between defects and helium diffusion

Two modifications of the hydrothermal diamond anvil cell (HDAC) have been made, the first for transmission XAFS (X-ray absorption fine structure) analyses and the second for fluorescence XAFS analyses of elements with low absorption edge energies. In the first modification, laser-drilled holes in the diamond anvils reduce the X-ray path-length in diamond to 300 µm in order to minimize the attenuation of X-rays due to absorption and scatter. In the second modification, laser-machined cup and grooves in one of the diamond anvil faces reduces the X-ray path-length in diamond to 160 µm and permits a 90° take-off angle. Both modifications can be used to obtain XAFS spectra on aqueous solutions of first-row transition elements as well as rare earth elements at elevated temperatures and pressures. The second modification is capable of measurements on solutions of concentrations in parts per million (ppm) range. These techniques are being used for carrying out experimental measurements valuable in the interpretation of fluid inclusions in minerals found in ore-forming hydrothermal systems as well as other important lithospheric processes involving water.

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X-ray study of SnO2under high pressure and temperature generated with sintered diamond anvils

High Pressure Research ◽

10.1080/08957959008246138 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 4 (1-6) ◽

pp. 408-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

S. Endo ◽

S. Nitawaki ◽

T. Shige ◽

Y. Akahama ◽

T. Kikegawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

High Pressure And Temperature ◽

X Ray ◽

Diamond Anvils ◽

Sintered Diamond

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Diamond anvil cell behavior up to 4 Mbar

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1721425115 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 115 (8) ◽

pp. 1713-1717 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Bing Li ◽

Cheng Ji ◽

Wenge Yang ◽

Junyue Wang ◽

Ke Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pressure Range ◽

Diamond Anvil Cell ◽

Static Pressure ◽

Thickness Variation ◽

Cell Behavior ◽

Pressure Loading ◽

X Ray ◽

Pressure Limit ◽

Diamond Anvils ◽

Diamond Anvil

The diamond anvil cell (DAC) is considered one of the dominant devices to generate ultrahigh static pressure. The development of the DAC technique has enabled researchers to explore rich high-pressure science in the multimegabar pressure range. Here, we investigated the behavior of the DAC up to 400 GPa, which is the accepted pressure limit of a conventional DAC. By using a submicrometer synchrotron X-ray beam, double cuppings of the beveled diamond anvils were observed experimentally. Details of pressure loading, distribution, gasket-thickness variation, and diamond anvil deformation were studied to understand the generation of ultrahigh pressures, which may improve the conventional DAC techniques.

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Application of synchrotron radiation and Kawai-type apparatus to various studies in high-pressure mineral physics

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/0026461026650060 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 66 (5) ◽

pp. 769-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

T. Irifune

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Synchrotron Radiation ◽

X Rays ◽

X Ray ◽

Quantitative Studies ◽

Deep Interior ◽

Diamond Anvils ◽

Sintered Diamond ◽

Near Future ◽

Type Apparatus

AbstractA combination of Kawai-type multianvil apparatus and highly brilliant X-rays at the third generation synchrotron radiation facility (SPring-8) in Japan has been successfully applied to various studies in high-pressure mineral sciences such as determinations of phase transition boundaries, P–V–T relations of high-pressure phases, kinetics of phase transitions, structure and viscosity of melts. These studies are now comfortably made at pressures of ˜25 GPa and at temperatures to 2300°C, using the intense X-ray beam and the large capacity of the high-pressure apparatus at SPring-8. Moreover, efforts have been made to further extend the pressure limit using large sintered diamond anvils. Thus in situ X-ray observations are now possible at pressures to 50 GPa with the Kawai-type apparatus, which may be doubled in the near future when the potential of sintered diamond anvils is fully utilized. On the other hand, some problems, such as those related to pressure and temperature measurement, have been manifested in these studies. These should be overcome for further quantitative studies of the mineralogy of the Earth's deep interior based on these techniques.

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Diamond anvils with a spherical support designed for X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments in DAC

High Pressure Research ◽

10.1080/08957959.2012.748759 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 537-543 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

N. Dubrovinskaia ◽

L. Dubrovinsky ◽

M. Hanfland ◽

M. Hofmann

Keyword(s):

Neutron Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Diamond Anvils

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Direct tomography imaging for inelastic X-ray scattering experiments at high pressure

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation ◽

10.1107/s1600577516017100 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 269-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ch. J. Sahle ◽

A. D. Rosa ◽

M. Rossi ◽

V. Cerantola ◽

G. Spiekermann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Raman Scattering Spectroscopy ◽

X Ray ◽

Spatially Resolved ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

Sample Edge ◽

Pressure Medium ◽

Diamond Anvils ◽

Ray Scattering

A method to separate the non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering signal of a micro-metric sample contained inside a diamond anvil cell (DAC) from the signal originating from the high-pressure sample environment is described. Especially for high-pressure experiments, the parasitic signal originating from the diamond anvils, the gasket and/or the pressure medium can easily obscure the sample signal or even render the experiment impossible. Another severe complication for high-pressure non-resonant inelastic X-ray measurements, such as X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy, can be the proximity of the desired sample edge energy to an absorption edge energy of elements constituting the DAC. It is shown that recording the scattered signal in a spatially resolved manner allows these problems to be overcome by separating the sample signal from the spurious scattering of the DAC without constraints on the solid angle of detection. Furthermore, simple machine learning algorithms facilitate finding the corresponding detector pixels that record the sample signal. The outlined experimental technique and data analysis approach are demonstrated by presenting spectra of the SiL2,3-edge and OK-edge of compressed α-quartz. The spectra are of unprecedented quality and both the OK-edge and the SiL2,3-edge clearly show the existence of a pressure-induced phase transition between 10 and 24 GPa.

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