Unification of Newtonian physics with Einstein relativity theory by using generalized metrics of complex spacetime and applications to Microcosmos and Megacosmos

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon Vossos ◽  
Elias Vossos
Keyword(s):  
Relativity Theory ◽  
Newtonian Physics ◽  
Generalized Metrics

Causation in Spacetime Theories

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Hoefer
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Special Relativity ◽  
Relativity Theory ◽  
Causal Relations ◽  
Newtonian Physics ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Special Relativity Theory

Although Russell maintained that causation was not to be found in advanced physical theories (which is described in this article), even he would have admitted that, if one must talk of cause–effect relations between events, then spacetime theories may well place constraints on what sorts of causal relations may exist and how they may be arranged in time. They may also imply the possibility of surprising and unexpected causal relations, and even serious causal anomalies. This article looks at what the three most important spacetime theories imply about causation. It starts with a brief look at Newtonian physics, looks at how important changes are introduced by Special Relativity theory, and finally turns to the rich causal fields of General Relativity models.

scholarly journals Relativistic astrometry and astrometric relativity

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S248) ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
S. A. Klioner
Keyword(s):  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Relativity Theory ◽  
Newtonian Physics ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Suitable Combination ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
Standard Set

AbstractThe interplay between modern astrometry and gravitational physics is very important for the progress in both these fields. Below some threshold of accuracy, Newtonian physics fails to describe observational data and the Einstein's relativity theory must be used to model the data adequately. Many high-accuracy astronomical techniques have already passed this threshold. Moreover, modern astronomical observations cannot be adequately modeled if relativistic effects are considered as small corrections to Newtonian models. The whole way of thinking must be made compatible with relativity: this starts with the concepts of time, space and reference systems.An overview of the standard general-relativistic framework for modeling of high-accuracy astronomical observations is given. Using this framework one can construct a standard set of building blocks for relativistic models. A suitable combination of these building blocks can be used to formulate a model for any given type of astronomical observations. As an example the problem of four dimensional solar system ephemerides is exposed in more detail. The limits of the present relativistic formulation are also briefly summarized.On the other hand, high-accuracy astronomical observations play important role for gravitational physics itself, providing the latter with crucial observational tests. Perspectives for these astronomical tests for the next 15 years are summarized.

PHYSICS: ITS DEVELOPMENT AND PHILOSOPHY

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (18) ◽  
pp. 4643-4733
Author(s):  
TA-YOU WU
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Relativity Theory ◽  
Classical Dynamics ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Newtonian Physics ◽  
Elementary Particle Physics ◽  
Thermodynamics And Statistical Mechanics

We attempt to review the development of physics in its historical order: classical dynamics; optics and electromagnetic theory followed naturally by the special theory of relativity; the general theory of relativity; from another direction, the kinetic theory of gases, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics which led to the discovery of the quantum theory; atomic physics that led to quantum mechanics; the theoretical and experimental studies of elementary particle physics. Some efforts were made to bring out the basic concepts in these theories and their changes, namely, the abandoning of the absolute time and simultaneity, simultaneous exact knowledge of position and momentum of a particle and determinism of Newtonian physics in the relativity theory and quantum mechanics; the concept of quantized field and unified fields. The interplay between experiments and theories in the development of physics was summarized by a table at the end of the article.

3. Relativity and its philosophy

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-72
Author(s):  
David Wallace
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Relativity Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Newtonian Physics ◽  
Time And Motion ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discusses how relativity theory affects our ideas about space, time, and motion. The special theory of relativity does not introduce the idea that motion is relative: it combines that idea, already present in Newtonian physics, with the idea that the speed of light does not depend on the motion of the source. This combination has surprising consequences: that moving clocks run slow; that moving rods shrink. This is apparently in flat contradiction with the relativity principle. The resolution of this paradox looks very different depending on one’s view of what spacetime is: is it simply a codification of physics, or can it do explanatory work in its own right. Thus the paradox lets us get clearer on what is at stake in these questions about the nature of spacetime. Relativity also imperils the idea that simultaneity—the relationship between two events when they occur at the same time—is relative and/or conventional. The epilogue of the chapter briefly discusses the general theory of relativity.

What we can learn from "The Myths of Relativity Theory"

1990 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iya P. Ipatova ◽  
V.I. Kaidanov ◽  
V.F. Masterov ◽  
V.A. Rozhanskii ◽  
I.N. Toptygin
Keyword(s):  
Relativity Theory

On the matter of proving Euclidean fifth postulate and the origin of non-Euclidean geometries

2019 ◽  
Vol 950 (8) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
S.A. Tolchelnikova ◽  
K.N. Naumov
Keyword(s):  
Celestial Mechanics ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Relativity Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stellar Astronomy ◽  
Spherical Surfaces ◽  
Mathematical System ◽  
Solar System Bodies ◽  
The Universe

The Euclidean geometry was developed as a mathematical system due to generalizing thousands years of measurements on the plane and spherical surfaces. The development of celestial mechanics and stellar astronomy confirmed its validity as mathematical principles of natural philosophy, in particular for studying the Solar System bodies’ and Galaxy stars motions. In the non-Euclidean geometries by Lobachevsky and Riemann, the third axiom of modern geometry manuals is substituted. We show that the third axiom of these manuals is a corollary of the Fifth Euclidean postulate. The idea of spherical, Riemannian space of the Universe and local curvatures of space, depending on body mass, was inculcated into celestial mechanics, astronomy and geodesy along with the theory of relativity. The mathematical apparatus of the relativity theory was created from immeasurable quantities

Lost Time

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Callender
Keyword(s):  
Relativity Theory ◽  
Lost Time

None of our physical theories have ever employed a distinguished present. Until relativity theory, however, it was always easy to imagine taking some structure, treating it as the present, and then “animating” it so it flows. This chapter shows that buried within relativity there isn’t structure suitable for “animation” á la manifest time; there are not good relativistic candidates for a flowing now. An informal dilemma seems to hold: the better a structure represents manifest time, the “less” relativistic it is; the “more” relativistic it is, the worse it represents manifest time.

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