General Relativity and Causality, Reasoning from Metaphysics, and E. J. Lowe’s Ontology

The paper aims to show the importance of reasoning “from metaphysics” in the course of a consistent interpretation of the “against neoscholasticism” thesis (J. Ladyman). The idea that “the subject of metaphysics is metaphysical possibilities, and science determines which of them are actually achieved” (E. J. Lowe, J. Katz, etc.) reinforces the role of reasoning “from metaphysics” within the field of metaphysics of science. The general theory of relativity violates the common prevailing intuition that “causality is the subject of local physical interaction” (J. Bigelow). Interpretation of causality in terms of “forces” and “coming into” within the framework of E. J. Lowe's ontology makes it possible to talk about causality in terms of “finding” and “going out” of existence of the corresponding modes of objects connected by a formal “causal relationship”. The transition to E. J. Lowe's ontology helps not only to overcome the intuition of the locality of causality, but also reveals in its own way, for example, such seemingly simple common intuitions as the dependence of the truth of propositions on time or the understanding of time as a dimension. All this once again brings us back to the understanding of the importance of the fact that a scientist, constructing or interpreting a scientific theory, as a rule, uses non-trivial philosophical assumptions that should be the subject of its own philosophical analysis.

Dynamics of machines with ideal inertial motion

The term "inertioid" and its first design in 1936 was invented by engineer V. N. Tolchin. Despite the demonstration of unsupported motion using a physical model, the mystery of the inertioid has existed for almost a century. There are several theories explaining the motion of the inertioid (or mechanisms with inertial motion). These theories include the theory of friction, which proves that the movement of the device occurs due to the difference between the coefficients of friction and the coefficients of rolling resistance in contact between the bottom of the machine and the road. In some works, to explain the physical nature of this phenomenon, it is often legitimate to use A. Einstein's theory of relativity from a scientific point of view. In our opinion, the approach to the study of the process of motion of the inertioid should be based on the theory of the gravitational field. In the theory of relativity, A. Einstein notes that rapidly moving frames of reference create their own gravitational fields. Rotating weights create their own potential fields, since they are affected by centripetal accelerations. When the field of rotating loads is imposed on the gravitational field of the earth, accelerations appear that cause the movement of an inertioid (machines with an inertial mover). In fact, we constantly encounter this kind of overlap of potential fields in our daily life. For example, the effect of latitude on the value of the free fall acceleration of a body above the earth's surface is explained by the imposition of the earth's gravitational field of the potential field of its rotation around its axis. In the paper an inertioid with an idealized engine, which creates a constant driving (traction) force directed towards the movement has been investigated. As a result of the study, the equations of the translational motion of a machine with an ideal inertial engine were obtained, an expression for calculating its maximum speed was determined, and the maximum required engine power for the movement of a machine with an ideal inertial engine was determined.

An Approach to Colliding Plane Waves in General Relativity

For many years after Einstein proposed his general theory of relativity, only a few exact solutions were known. Today the situation is completely different, and we now have a vast number of such solutions. However, very few are well understood in the sense that they can be clearly interpreted as the fields of real physical sources. The obvious exceptions are the Schwarzschild and Kerr solutions. These have been very thoroughly analysed, and clearly describe the gravitational fields surrounding static and rotating black holes respectively. In practice, one of the great difficulties of relating the particular features of general relativity to real physical problems, arises from the high degree of non-linearity of the field equations. Although the linearized theory has been used in some applications, its use is severely limited. Many of the most interesting properties of space-time, such as the occurrence of singularities, are consequences of the non-linearity of the equations. Keywords: General Relativity , Space-Time, Singularities, Non-linearity of the Equations.

Quantization of Klein-Gordon Scalar Field in Cosmological Inertial Frame

In the Cosmological Special Theory of Relativity, we quantized Klein-Gordon scalar field. We treatLagrangian density and Hamiltonian in quantized Klein-Gordon scalar field in the Cosmological SpecialTheory of Relativity

Expansion of Rindler Coordinate Theory and Light’s Doppler Effect

In the general theory of relativity the Rindler coordinate theory has been extended to the Rindler coordinate theory of accelerated observer that has already some initial velocity. In this paper, we present this extended theory that uses the tetrad as the new method, and discover the new inverse-coordinate transformation. Specially, if, a0 < 0 , this theory treats the observer with the initial velocity that does slowdown by the constant negative acceleration in the Rindler’s time-space. We consider the light’s Doppler Effect in the accelerated system as well as the decelerated system.

Schrodinger Equation in Cosmological Inertial Frame

Schrodinger equation is a wave equation. Wave function uses as a probability amplitude in quantum mechanics. We make Schrodinger equation from Klein-Gordon free particle’s wave function in cosmological special theory of relativity.

Electromagnetic Field Equation and Lorentz Gauge in Rindler Space-time

In this paper, we derived electromagnetic field transformations and electromagnetic field equations of Maxwell in Rindler space-time in the context of general theory of relativity. We then treat the Lorentz gauge transformation and the Lorentz gauge fixing condition in Rindler space-time and obtained the transformation of differential operation, the electromagnetic 4-vector potential and the field. In addition, charge density and the electric current density in Rindler spacetimeare derived. To view the invariance of the gauge transformation, gauge theory is applied to Maxwell equations in Rindler space-time. In Appendix A, we show that the electromagnetic wave function cannot exist in Rindler space-time. An important point we assert in this article is the uniqueness of the accelerated frame. It is because, in the accelerated frame, one can treat electromagnetic field equations.

Cosmological Special Theory of Relativity

In the Cosmological Special Relativity Theory, we study Maxwell equations, electromagnetic wave equation and function.