Characterization and experimental validation of a semi-empirical fuel cell model for investigating the water dynamics on the electrical behavior of a 5 kW Ballard stack system using Nafion 117 polymer membrane

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 024301
Author(s):  
Karthik Murugesan ◽  
Usha Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Polymer Membrane ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Electrical Behavior ◽  
Semi Empirical

Parameter Optimization for a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 37-38 ◽  
pp. 834-838
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Qun Yan ◽  
Da Tai Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Parameter Optimization ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Semi Empirical

The accurate mathematical model is an important tool for simulation and design analysis of fuel cell power systems. Semi-empirical models are easier to be obtained and can also be used to accurately predict the performance of fuel cell system for engineering applications. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a recently invented high-performance algorithm. In this paper, a parameter optimization technique of PEMFC semi-empirical models based on DKPSO was proposed in terms of the voltage-current characteristics. The simulated and experimental data confirmed the validity of the optimization technique, and indicated that PSO is an effective tool for optimizing the parameters of PEMFC models.

A Study Toward Minimum Spatial Discretization of a Fuel Cell Dynamics Model

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. McCain ◽  
A. G. Stefanopoulou ◽  
K. R. Butts
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Minimum Degree ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Vapor Concentration ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Final Time ◽  
Cell Dynamics ◽  
Model Order ◽  
Optimal Discretization

The 24-state fuel cell water dynamics model from [1] is cast into a Dymola™ icon-based formulation, with flexible library sub-models specific for this application. Through and across (flow and effort in bond graph terminology) variables are identified and analyzed for all relevant energy-using components. The objective is to establish the necessary model order for the fuel cell model using an energy-based measure called activity [2]. Additionally, we analyze the effect that input variation (duration, initial/final time) has on calculation and implementation of the activity. Explanation of the importance of accurate water vapor concentration gradient modeling is covered. Finally, we show that the minimum degree of discretization for each constituent within the model should be determined separately in order to generate the simplest model representation, and that the optimal discretization can be different for each species.

scholarly journals Order Reduction for a Control-Oriented Model of the Water Dynamics in Fuel Cells

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. McCain ◽  
A. G. Stefanopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Model Order Reduction ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Order Reduction ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Graph Representation ◽  
Gaseous Species ◽  
Model Order ◽  
Cell Anode ◽  
Fuel Cell Anode

Predicting the water dynamics and estimating humidity and flooding conditions in a low-temperature fuel cell are critical for robust operation and long life. Previous work by McKay et al [1] shows that the fuel cell anode, cathode, and membrane water dynamics and gaseous species concentrations can be accurately modeled by discretizing the partial differential equations that describe mass transport into three segments. Avoiding sensitivities associated with over-parameterization, and allowing for the real-time computations necessary for embedded controllers, requires in-depth investigation of the model order. In this paper the model from [1] is formulated into a bond graph representation. The objective is to establish the necessary model order for the fuel cell model using the Model Order Reduction Algorithm (MORA) [2], where an energy-based metric termed the Activity is used to quantify the contribution of each element of the model. Activity is a scalar quantity that is determined from the generalized effort and flow through each element of the model. We show the degree of model order reduction and provide a guideline for appropriate discretization.

Modeling and Verification of Steady State Operational Changes on the Performance of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric S. Greene ◽  
Wilson K. S. Chiu ◽  
A. Alan Burke ◽  
Maria G. Medeiros ◽  
Louis G. Carreiro
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Steady State Operation ◽  
Potential Benefits

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer many potential benefits as an energy conversion device. This paper addresses experimental validation of a numerical SOFC model that has been developed. Results are compared at steady state operation for temperatures ranging from 1073 K to 1173 K and for H2 gas concentrations fuel supplies of 10–90% with a balance of N2. The results agree well with a maximum of 13.3% difference seen between the numerical and experimental results, which is within the limit of the experimental uncertainties and the material constants that are measured, with most comparisons well below this level. It is concluded that since the model is very sensitive to material properties and temperature that for the best results they should be as specific as possible to the experiment. These specific properties were demonstrated in this paper and a validation of a full fuel cell model, with a concentration on the anode, was presented.

Development and Experimental Validation of a Physics-Based PEM Fuel Cell Model for Cathode Humidity Control Design

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1775-1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Headley ◽  
Victor Yu ◽  
Russell Borduin ◽  
Dongmei Chen ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Humidity Control

3D Modeling of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell and Hydride Hydrogen Storage Tank

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Heat Transport ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydride Hydrogen ◽  
Electrochemical Double Layer

3D dynamic models are developed for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) and hydrogen tanks, respectively. In the fuel cell model, we consider the major transport and electrochemical processes within the key components of a single PEFC that govern fuel cell transient including the electrochemical double-layer behavior, mass/heat transport, liquid water dynamics, and membrane water uptake. As to modeling hydrogen tanks, we consider a LaNi5-based system and develop a general formula that describes hydrogen absorption/desorption. The model couples the hydride reaction kinetics and mass/heat transport. The dynamic characteristics of the PEFC and hydrogen tank, together with the possible coupling of the two systems, are discussed.

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