The Critical Heritage of Japanese Geography: Its Tortured Trajectory for Eight Decades

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fujio Mizuoka ◽  
Toshio Mizuuchi ◽  
Tetsuya Hisatake ◽  
Kenji Tsutsumi ◽  
Tetsushi Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Critical Geography ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
World War 2 ◽  
General Orientation ◽  
Critical Heritage ◽  
To Come ◽  
Further Development

In Japan, critical geography has been practised for eight decades: since the 1920s when poverty and the miserable condition of labour and peasants instigated Japanese social scientists to adopt Marxism. The critical heritage began with importing works by German Marxist and soviet scholars, followed by criticism of the geopolitical ideologies that supported the militarist regime and the war of aggression. Besides them, the general orientation of critical geography before World War 2 remained mainly exceptionalist. Critical geographers gained momentum in the course of the democratisation process after World War 2, and they consolidated themselves by forming one of the earliest alternative organisations of geography, the Japan Association of Economic Geographers. Although the trend of exceptionalism persisted, some attempts to theorise critical geography emerged in the late 1960s to early 1970s. Noboru Ueno's work Chishigaku no Genten (The ultimate origin of chorography) (1972, Taimeido, Tokyo), for example, integrated the tenets of Marxism and phenomenology into a theoretical body of Marxist chorography that dealt with alienation of the indigenous fishers from the neighbouring sea, which was polluted with mercury from industrial waste. Yet, the advent of Toshifumi Yada's chiiki kozo ron (theory of regional structure) in 1973 (see Yada, 1990 Chiiki Kozo no Riron [The theory of regional structure] Mineruba Shobo, Kyoto) and its subsequent domination in the circle of once-critical geographers of a younger generation shattered further development of the critical heritage. The general orientation of geographers in Japan has become much more conservative and lost the intellectual power to come to terms with the growing critical trend among international geographers. At the same time, Japanese social scientists outside geography started to adopt the conceptions of critical geography developed abroad, bypassing the Japanese geographers' circle. It was not until the early 1990s that a group of critically minded geographers set out their endeavour to revitalise the critical heritage of geography afresh, to create their own conceptions of critical geography in close association with an international group of critical geographers.

Modern Turkish Studies

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Walter F. Weiker
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
To Come ◽  
Political Scene ◽  
Great Reforms

Turkey has long been a fertile field for social scientists (in the broadest sense of the term) and for commentators on the socio-political scene. Travelogues and analyses of the society by westerners or the Ottoman Empire include such well-known authors as Ubicini, Jorga, Vamberi, Engelhardt, Mortmann, Zinkeisen and Hammer-Purgstall. As western penetration into the area increased in the 19th and early 20th centuries there emerged numerous accounts of Turkish life and public affairs by diplomats (e.g., Sir Edwin Pears, Turkey and Its People, 1912), educators and missionaries (e.g., Caleb Gates, Not to Me Only, 1940), soldiers (e.g., Liman von Sanders, Five Years in Turkey, 1928). By 1908, their ranks were augmented by a few Turks such as Ahmet Emin Yalman and Halide Edib. But it was only with the great reforms of AtatUrk that western social scientists began to come to Turkey in any significant numbers, and not until after World War II did modern Turkish studies come into full flower both in terms of quality and quantity. In the last two decades or so there has emerged a very considerable volume of studies by both Turks and others, in Turkish as well as German, French and primarily English. American social scientists have in recent years begun to dominate the field which earlier had been largely the province of Europeans.

scholarly journals Cultural pedagogy and it’s development on the threshold of 3rd decade of 21st century

2021 ◽  
Vol XII (1 (34)) ◽  
pp. 149-166
Author(s):  
Janusz Gajda
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
World War ◽  
World War 2 ◽  
Cultural Pedagogy ◽  
Symbolic World ◽  
Education And Development ◽  
Theory Research ◽  
Further Development

This paper - as stated in the title - covers theory, research and practice of cultural pedagogy in Poland, especially at the beginning of 3rd decade of 21st century. It consists of 2 parts concerning the following issues: History until the end of 20th century Tradition, origin, subject and philosophical assumptions Cultural pedagogy in the interwar period in Poland Cultural pedagogy as a humanistic pedagogy after 2nd World War 2. Return of cultural pedagogy after 1995 and it’s further development Cultural pedagogy, it’s humanistic-anthropological character Important publications and academic centers which popularize cultural pedagogy Summary Connecting theory and practice is a requirement for effective education and development of humanistic-anthropological cultural pedagogy which is open to „real world” and „symbolic world”. The last statement, justified in the Summary, is the main thesis of this paper.

‘A war film with a difference’: Adrian Brunel's Blighty and Negotiation within the British Studio System of the Late Silent Period

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Botting
Keyword(s):  
Silent Period ◽  
Home Front ◽  
World War ◽  
War Films ◽  
Box Office ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Studio System ◽  
To Come ◽  
First World ◽  
War Film

The creation and viewing of war films was one of the elements in the process by which Britain attempted to come to terms with the horrors of the First World War. During the interwar period, war films took two main forms: those which reconstructed famous battles and melodramas set against a wartime backdrop. However, the film Blighty, directed by Adrian Brunel in 1927, took a slightly different approach, focusing not on military action but on those who stayed behind on the Home Front. As a director during the silent period, Brunel trod a stony path, operating largely on the fringes of the industry and never really getting a firm foothold in the developing studio structure. He remains well regarded for his independent productions yet also directed five features for Gainsborough at the end of the silent period. Of these film, his first, Blighty, is perhaps his most successful production within the studio system in terms of managing a compromise between his desire to maintain control while also fulfilling the studio's aims and requirement for box office success. Brunel's aversion to the war film as a genre meant that from the start of the project, he was engaged in a process of negotiation with the studio in order to preserve as far as possible what he regarded as a certain creative and moral imperative.

The Racial and Economic Context of Trump Support: Evidence for Threat, Identity, and Contact Effects in the 2016 Presidential Election

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Knowles ◽  
Linda Tropp
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Racial Identification ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Neighborhood Diversity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
To Come ◽  
Neighborhood Level ◽  
Support Evidence

Donald Trump's ascent to the Presidency of the United States defied the expectations of many social scientists, pundits, and laypeople. To date, most efforts to understand Trump's rise have focused on personality and demographic characteristics of White Americans. In contrast, the present work leverages a nationally representative sample of Whites to examine how contextual factors may have shaped support for Trump during the 2016 presidential primaries. Results reveal that neighborhood-level exposure to racial and ethnic minorities is associated with greater group threat and racial identification among Whites, as well as greater intentions to vote for Trump in the general election. At the same time, however, neighborhood diversity afforded Whites with opportunities for intergroup contact, which is associated with lower levels of threat, White identification, and Trump support. Further analyses suggest that a healthy local economy mutes threat effects in diverse contexts, allowing contact processes to come to the fore.

Combat Operational Data Analysis an Examination of World War 2 suppression Data

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Frame ◽  
Brian R. McEnany ◽  
Kurt A. Kladivko
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
World War ◽  
World War 2 ◽  
Operational Data

Haunted by the Thirties

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre David
Keyword(s):  
World War ◽  
World War 2 ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
English Village ◽  
Temporary Settlement

At the beginning of World War 2, Pamela, Neil, and her mother Amy moved to Laleham, a village on the Thames. Shortly thereafter, Neil joined the Army and was posted to India; and on New Year’s Day 1941 Pamela gave birth to her son Andrew Morven. While coping with rationing, the sound of bombers overhead, and the red sky of London in the Blitz, she continued to write. Her novel Winter Quarters deals with the temporary settlement of an artillery battalion in a quiet English village and is notable for her deft handling of male characters. In 1941 she reviewed enthusiastically the first of C.P. Snow’s Strangers and Brothers novels and they began exchanging letters and to meet for lunch in London. In May 1944 Pamela gave birth to her daughter Lindsay Jean.

Critical Heritage “From Below”: (E)valu(at)ing Informal War Pasts in Perak, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
pp. 120633122199769
Author(s):  
Hamzah Muzaini
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
Public Recognition ◽  
Critical Heritage ◽  
Second World

This article concerns how heritage pertaining to the Second World War (1941–1945), as this has been made manifest in the urban environments of Perak, Malaysia, is (de)valued and (mis) assessed over multiple scales within the state. After foregrounding the biases associated with official depictions of the event, it excavates the ways informal actors have sought to overturn the collective amnesia of the state by creating heritages “in the shadows” and/or pushing for public recognition of formally occluded pasts. In doing so, the article argues for the salience of academics and policymakers alike, taking more seriously these non-state efforts, while also evidencing informal heritage-making as itself prone to limits and (not always altruistic) motives, which render their valuation as incomplete as formal efforts at remembering. More broadly, the article argues for the need to pay more attention to heritage-making “from below” in valuations of urban environments, but it cautions against treating them as more than what they are, that is, pasts as presenced by someone else.

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